{"title":"Pololu","description":"","products":[{"product_id":"pololu-3pi-robot-best-line-following-robot","title":"Pololu 3pi Robot - Best Line following Robot","description":"\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eOverview\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThe 3pi robot is designed to excel in line-following and maze-solving competitions. It has a small size (9.5 cm\/3.7\" diameter, 83 g\/2.9 oz without batteries) and takes just four AAA cells (not included), while a \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Adjustable-boost-regulator-4-25V\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\" data-mce-href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Adjustable-boost-regulator-4-25V\"\u003eunique power system\u003c\/a\u003e runs the motors at a constant 9.25 V independent of the battery charge level. The regulated voltage allows the 3pi to reach speeds up to 100 cm\/second while making precise turns and spins that don’t vary with the battery voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThe 3pi robot makes a great platform for people with C programming experience to learn robotics, and it is a fun environment for ambitious beginners to learn C programming. At its heart is an Atmel ATmega328P microcontroller running at 20 MHz and featuring 32 KB of flash program memory, 2 KB RAM, and 1 KB of persistent EEPROM memory. The popular, free GNU C\/C++ compiler works perfectly with the 3pi, Atmel Studio provides a comfortable development environment, and an extensive set of librariesprovided by Pololu makes it a breeze to interface with all of the integrated hardware. The 3pi is also compatible with the popular\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J17\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\" data-mce-href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J17\"\u003e \u003c\/a\u003eArduino development platform. We provide a number of sample programs to show how to use the various 3pi components, as well as how to perform more complex behaviors such as line following and maze solving.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThe diagrams below highlight the important features of the 3pi. Click on either picture for an expanded view.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eRequired Accessories\u003c\/strong\u003eFor instructions on setting up and programming the 3pi, including sample code, contest ideas, and more, see the \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J21\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\" data-mce-href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J21\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e3pi User’s Guide\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eAn external AVR ISP programmer, such as our \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-USB-AVR-Programmer\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\" data-mce-href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-USB-AVR-Programmer\"\u003eUSB AVR programmer\u003c\/a\u003e is required to program the 3pi. We offer a combination deal that includes a 3pi robot, USB AVR programmer, and USB cable.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThe 3pi is powered by 4 AAA batteries, which are not included. We recommend rechargeable NiMH cells, which may be purchased from Pololu or at a local store carrying electronics. (We also carry a battery charger that works well with these NiMH cells and can be used to charge the batteries while they are still in the robot.)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eOptional Accessories\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eWe currently offer three expansion kits for the 3pi that give you room to augment your 3pi with your own custom electronics. Two are basic kits that simply give your 3pi a second level (with prototyping space and key electrical connections to the 3pi base) to which you can add your own electronics. These basic expansion kits are available with black or red solder masks and with or without cutouts. The version with cutouts lets you view the LCD below and allows you to reach the power button, reset button, and ISP programming header on the base. The version without cutouts is a full circle that replaces the LCD, giving you access to more I\/O lines and more prototyping space. The pictures below show the black versions of these two basic expansion kits.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" class=\"mceItemTable\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eA group of m3pi robots: ARM’s original m3pi (left) and Pololu’s m3pis (center and right).\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThe third option, the m3pi expansion kit, makes it easy to significantly upgrade the capabilities of your 3pi by converting it into an m3pi robot. This expansion board enables the use of ARM’s powerful 32-bit \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/ARM-mbed-NXP-LPC1768-Development-Board\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\" data-mce-href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/ARM-mbed-NXP-LPC1768-Development-Board\"\u003embed development board\u003c\/a\u003e as the robot’s high-level controller (mbed has an m3pi library that makes this easy), which offers significantly more processing power and free I\/O lines than the 3pi’s built-in 8-bit AVR microcontroller. There are also sockets for \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Wixel-Programmable-usb-assembled\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\" data-mce-href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Wixel-Programmable-usb-assembled\"\u003eWixel\u003c\/a\u003e and XBee wireless serial modules, prototyping space for additional sensors and electronics, eight more user-controllable LEDs, and more. If you already have a 3pi robot, you can use the m3pi expansion kit to upgrade it to an m3pi robot. Otherwise, you can get the m3pi robot directly, which includes a 3pi robot connected to a fully-assembled m3pi expansion board (no soldering is required). Please see the m3pi robot product page for more information.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e3pi Robot Video Gallery\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThe following videos from Pololu and our customers show some of the things you can do with the 3pi robot. The first video in the playlist introduces the 3pi’s basic features and operation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThe second video shows a 3pi prototype autonomously solving a line maze, first by exploring the maze and then by running the learned shortest path from start to finish, and the third video shows six 3pi prototypes simultaneously participating in a line-following exhibition at a local robotics competition (last one remaining on the line wins!). Please note the 3pis in the last few videos are using additional hardware for things like RC control and obstacle detection.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThe above videos (with descriptions) and more can be found on our \u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J32\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\" data-mce-href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J32\"\u003e3pi videos\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e page. These videos show many more things that you can do with the 3pi, including RC control, following a laser pointer, wall following, solving looped mazes, and driving around line courses with kinks, gaps, and obstacles. Check out what some of our customers have done with this amazing little robot and get inspired!\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e The 3pi robot currently ships with an LCD with a black bezel as shown in the main product picture, not the silver-bezeled LCD shown in some of the product photos and videos.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47393662271771,"sku":"","price":9889.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/files\/975-main-5bbplLA6sdgqRI.jpg?v=1701855927"},{"product_id":"pololu-975","title":"Pololu 3pi Robot - Best Line following Robot","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOverview\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe 3pi robot is designed to excel in line-following and maze-solving competitions. It has a small size (9.5 cm\/3.7\" diameter, 83 g\/2.9 oz without batteries) and takes just four AAA cells (not included), while a \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Adjustable-boost-regulator-4-25V\"\u003eunique power system\u003c\/a\u003e runs the motors at a constant 9.25 V independent of the battery charge level. The regulated voltage allows the 3pi to reach speeds up to 100 cm\/second while making precise turns and spins that don’t vary with the battery voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe 3pi robot makes a great platform for people with C programming experience to learn robotics, and it is a fun environment for ambitious beginners to learn C programming. At its heart is an Atmel ATmega328P microcontroller running at 20 MHz and featuring 32 KB of flash program memory, 2 KB RAM, and 1 KB of persistent EEPROM memory. The popular, free GNU C\/C++ compiler works perfectly with the 3pi, Atmel Studio provides a comfortable development environment, and an extensive set of librariesprovided by Pololu makes it a breeze to interface with all of the integrated hardware. The 3pi is also compatible with the popular\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J17\"\u003e \u003c\/a\u003eArduino development platform. We provide a number of sample programs to show how to use the various 3pi components, as well as how to perform more complex behaviors such as line following and maze solving.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe diagrams below highlight the important features of the 3pi. Click on either picture for an expanded view.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cstrong\u003eRequired Accessories\u003c\/strong\u003eFor instructions on setting up and programming the 3pi, including sample code, contest ideas, and more, see the \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J21\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3pi User’s Guide\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn external AVR ISP programmer, such as our \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-USB-AVR-Programmer\"\u003eUSB AVR programmer\u003c\/a\u003e is required to program the 3pi. We offer a combination deal that includes a 3pi robot, USB AVR programmer, and USB cable.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe 3pi is powered by 4 AAA batteries, which are not included. We recommend rechargeable NiMH cells, which may be purchased from Pololu or at a local store carrying electronics. (We also carry a battery charger that works well with these NiMH cells and can be used to charge the batteries while they are still in the robot.)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOptional Accessories\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe currently offer three expansion kits for the 3pi that give you room to augment your 3pi with your own custom electronics. Two are basic kits that simply give your 3pi a second level (with prototyping space and key electrical connections to the 3pi base) to which you can add your own electronics. These basic expansion kits are available with black or red solder masks and with or without cutouts. The version with cutouts lets you view the LCD below and allows you to reach the power button, reset button, and ISP programming header on the base. The version without cutouts is a full circle that replaces the LCD, giving you access to more I\/O lines and more prototyping space. The pictures below show the black versions of these two basic expansion kits.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eA group of m3pi robots: ARM’s original m3pi (left) and Pololu’s m3pis (center and right).\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe third option, the m3pi expansion kit, makes it easy to significantly upgrade the capabilities of your 3pi by converting it into an m3pi robot. This expansion board enables the use of ARM’s powerful 32-bit \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/ARM-mbed-NXP-LPC1768-Development-Board\"\u003embed development board\u003c\/a\u003e as the robot’s high-level controller (mbed has an m3pi library that makes this easy), which offers significantly more processing power and free I\/O lines than the 3pi’s built-in 8-bit AVR microcontroller. There are also sockets for \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Wixel-Programmable-usb-assembled\"\u003eWixel\u003c\/a\u003e and XBee wireless serial modules, prototyping space for additional sensors and electronics, eight more user-controllable LEDs, and more. If you already have a 3pi robot, you can use the m3pi expansion kit to upgrade it to an m3pi robot. Otherwise, you can get the m3pi robot directly, which includes a 3pi robot connected to a fully-assembled m3pi expansion board (no soldering is required). Please see the m3pi robot product page for more information.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3pi Robot Video Gallery\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe following videos from Pololu and our customers show some of the things you can do with the 3pi robot. The first video in the playlist introduces the 3pi’s basic features and operation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe second video shows a 3pi prototype autonomously solving a line maze, first by exploring the maze and then by running the learned shortest path from start to finish, and the third video shows six 3pi prototypes simultaneously participating in a line-following exhibition at a local robotics competition (last one remaining on the line wins!). Please note the 3pis in the last few videos are using additional hardware for things like RC control and obstacle detection.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe above videos (with descriptions) and more can be found on our \u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J32\"\u003e3pi videos\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e page. These videos show many more things that you can do with the 3pi, including RC control, following a laser pointer, wall following, solving looped mazes, and driving around line courses with kinks, gaps, and obstacles. Check out what some of our customers have done with this amazing little robot and get inspired!\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e The 3pi robot currently ships with an LCD with a black bezel as shown in the main product picture, not the silver-bezeled LCD shown in some of the product photos and videos.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394078654747,"sku":"Pololu-975","price":9889.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/975-main-5bbplLA6sdgqRI.jpg?v=1701865108"},{"product_id":"pololu-1351","title":"Micro Maestro 6-Channel USB Servo Controller","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe six-channel Micro Maestro raises the performance bar for serial servo controllers with features such as a native USB interface and internal scripting control. Whether you want high-performance servo control (0.25μs resolution with built-in speed and acceleration control) or a general I\/O controller (e.g. to interface with a sensor or ESC via your USB port), this tiny, versatile device will deliver. Header pins are included but not soldered into this partial kit version (all surface-mount components are soldered).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOverview\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Micro Maestro is the smallest of Pololu’s second-generation USB servo controllers. The Maestros are available in four sizes and can be purchased fully assembled or as partial kits:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaestro family of USB servo controllers: Mini 24, Mini 18, Mini 12, and Micro 6.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Micro-Maestro-6-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller-Assembled\"\u003eMicro Maestro — fully assembled\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Micro-Maestro-6-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller\"\u003eMicro Maestro — partial kit\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMini Maestro 12 — fully assembled\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Mini-Maestro-12-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller-Partial-Kit\"\u003eMini Maestro 12 — partial kit\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Mini-Maestro-18-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller-Assembled\"\u003eMini Maestro 18 — fully assembled\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMini Maestro 18 — partial kit\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMini Maestro 24 — fully assembled\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Mini-Maestro-24-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller-Partial-Kit\"\u003eMini Maestro 24 — partial kit\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Mini Maestros offer higher channel counts and some additional features (see the Maestro comparison table below for details).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicro Maestro 6-channel USB servo controller bottom view with quarter for size reference.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Micro Maestro is a highly versatile servo controller and general-purpose I\/O board in a highly compact (0.85\"×1.20\") package. It supports three control methods: USB for direct connection to a computer, TTL serial for use with embedded systems, and internal scripting for self-contained, host controller-free applications. The channels can be configured as servo outputs for use with radio control (RC) servos or electronic speed controls (ESCs), as digital outputs, or as analog inputs. The extremely precise, high-resolution servo pulses have a jitter of less than 200 ns, making these servo controllers well suited for high-performance applications such as robotics and animatronics, and built-in speed and acceleration control for each channel make it easy to achieve smooth, seamless movements without requiring the control source to constantly compute and stream intermediate position updates to the Micro Maestro. Units can be daisy-chained with additional Pololu servo and motor controllers on a single serial line.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA free configuration and control program is available for Windows and Linux, making it simple to configure and test the device over USB, create sequences of servo movements for animatronics or walking robots, and write, step through, and run scripts stored in the servo controller. The Micro Maestro’s 1 KB of internal script memory allows storage of servo positions that can be automatically played back without any computer or external microcontroller connected.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBecause the Micro Maestro’s channels can also be used as general-purpose digital outputs and analog inputs, they provide an easy way to read sensors and control peripherals directly from a PC over USB, and these channels can be used with the scripting system to enable creation of self-contained animatronic displays that respond to external stimuli and trigger additional events beyond just moving servos.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBottom view with dimensions (in inches) of Pololu Micro and Mini Maestro servo controllers.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Micro Maestro is available \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Micro-Maestro-6-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller-Assembled\"\u003efully assembled\u003c\/a\u003e with \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pin-Headers-Straight\"\u003e0.1\" male header pins\u003c\/a\u003e installed as shown in the product picture or as a \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Micro-Maestro-6-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller\"\u003epartial kit\u003c\/a\u003e, which ship with these header pins included but unsoldered, allowing the use of different gender connectors or wires to be soldered directly to the pads for lighter, more compact installations. The Mini Maestro 12, 18, and 24 are also available fully assembled or as partial kits. A USB A to mini-B cable (not included) is required to connect this device to a computer.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicro Maestro 6-channel USB servo controller assembled.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicro Maestro 6-channel USB servo controller partial kit.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMain Features\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThree control methods: USB, TTL (5V) serial, and internal scripting\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e0.25μs output pulse width resolution (corresponds to approximately 0.025° for a typical servo, which is beyond what the servo could resolve)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePulse rate configurable from 33 to 100 Hz (2)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWide pulse range of 64 to 3280 μs (2)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndividual speed and acceleration control for each channel\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChannels can be optionally configured to go to a specified position or turn off on startup or error\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChannels can also be used as general-purpose digital outputs or analog inputs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA simple scripting language lets you program the controller to perform complex actions even after its USB and serial connections are removed\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eComprehensive \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J40\"\u003euser’s guide\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFree configuration and control application for Windows makes it easy to:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConfigure and test your controller\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCreate, run, and save sequences of servo movements for animatronics and walking robots\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWrite, step through, and run scripts stored in the servo controller\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo ways to write software to control the Maestro from a PC:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVirtual COM port makes it easy to send serial commands from any development environment that supports serial communication\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePololu USB Software Development Kit allows use of more advanced native USB commands and includes example code in C#, Visual Basic .NET, and Visual C++\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTTL serial features:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupports 300 – 200000 bps in fixed-baud mode, 300 – 115200 bps in autodetect-baud mode (2)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSimultaneously supports the Pololu protocol, which gives access to advanced functionality, and the simpler Scott Edwards MiniSSC II protocol (there is no need to configure the device for a particular protocol mode)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCan be daisy-chained with other Pololu servo and motor controllers using a single serial transmit line\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCan function as a general-purpose USB-to-TTL serial adapter for projects controlled from a PC\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoard can be powered off of USB or a 5 – 16 V battery, and it makes the regulated 5V available to the user\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompact size of 0.85\" × 1.20\" (2.16 × 3.05 cm) and light weight of 0.17 oz (4.8 g) with headers\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUpgradable firmware\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaestro Comparison Table\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e Micro MaestroMini Maestro 12Mini Maestro 18Mini Maestro 24\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChannels:6121824\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnalog input channels:6121212\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDigital input channels:00612\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWidth:0.85\" (2.16 cm)1.10\" (2.79 cm)1.10\" (2.79 cm)1.10\" (2.79 cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLength:1.20\" (3.05 cm)1.42\" (3.61 cm)1.80\" (4.57 cm)2.30\" (5.84 cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWeight(1):3.0 g4.2 g4.9 g6.0 g\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConfigurable pulse rate(2):33–100 Hz1–333 Hz1–333 Hz1–333 Hz\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePulse range(2):64–3280 μs64–4080 μs64–4080 μs64–4080 μs\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eScript size(3):1 KB8 KB8 KB8 KB\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1\u003c\/strong\u003e This is the weight of the board without header pins or terminal blocks.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cstrong\u003e2\u003c\/strong\u003e The available pulse rate and range depend on each other and factors such as baud rate and number of channels used. See the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J40\/9\"\u003eMaestro User’s Guide\u003c\/a\u003e for details.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cstrong\u003e3\u003c\/strong\u003e The user script system is more powerful on the Mini Maestro than on the Micro Maestro. See See the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J40\/6.d\"\u003eMaestro User’s Guide\u003c\/a\u003e for details.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApplication Examples and Videos\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicro Maestro as the brains of a tiny hexapod robot.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSerial servo controller for multi-servo projects (e.g. robot arms, animatronics) based on BASIC Stamp or Arduino platforms.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePC-based servo control over USB port\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePC-based control of motors by interfacing with an ESC over USB\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePC interface for sensors and other electronics:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRead a gyro or accelerometer from a PC for novel user interfaces\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eControl a string of ShiftBrites from a PC for mood lighting\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGeneral I\/O expansion for microcontroller projects\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProgrammable, self-contained Halloween or Christmas display controller that responds to sensors. The picture to the right and the video below show a self-contained hexapod robot that uses three micro servos and two digital distance sensors for autonomous walking.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSelf-contained servo tester\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn example setup using a \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Micro-Maestro-6-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller-Assembled\"\u003eMicro Maestro\u003c\/a\u003e to control a ShiftBar and Satellite LED Module is shown in the picture below and one of the videos above. Maestro source code to control a ShiftBar or ShiftBrite is available in the Example scripts section of the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J40\"\u003eMaestro User’s guide\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConnecting the Micro Maestro to a chain of ShiftBars. A single 12V supply powers all of the devices.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394078785819,"sku":"Pololu-1351","price":2369.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/1351-mainz9agxIlTe8toZ.jpg?v=1701865112"},{"product_id":"pololu-755","title":"Pololu High-Power Motor Driver 18v15","description":"\u003cp\u003eOverview\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Pololu high-power motor driver is a discrete MOSFET H-bridge designed to drive large DC brushed motors. The H-bridge is made up of two N-channel MOSFET per leg, and most of the board’s performance is determined by these MOSFETs (the rest of the board contains the circuitry to take user inputs and control the MOSFETs). The MOSFET datasheet is available under the “Resources” tab. The MOSFETs have an absolute maximum voltage rating of 30 V, and higher voltages can permanently destroy the motor driver. Under normal operating conditions, ripple voltage on the supply line can raise the maximum voltage to more than the average or intended voltage, so a safe maximum voltage is approximately 24 V.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e batteries that are nominally 24 V can be much higher than that when fully charged; this product is therefore not recommended for use with 24 V batteries unless appropriate measures are taken to limit the peak voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe versatility of this driver makes it suitable for a large range of currents and voltages: it can deliver up to 25 A of continuous current with a board size of only 1.8\" by 0.8\" and no required heat sink. With the addition of a heat sink, it can drive a motor with up to about 35 A of continuous current. The module offers a simple interface that requires as little as two I\/O lines while allowing for both sign-magnitude and locked-antiphase operation. Integrated detection of various short-circuit conditions protects against common causes of catastrophic failure; however, please note that the board does not include reverse power protection or any over-current or over-temperature protection.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUsing the Motor Driver\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConnections\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe motor and motor power connections are on one side of the board, and the control connections (5V logic) are on the other side. The motor supply should be capable of supplying high current, and a large capacitor should be installed close to the motor driver. The included axial capacitors can be installed directly on the board in the pins labeled '+' and '-' as shown below. Such installations are compact but might limit heat sinking options; also, depending on the power supply quality and motor characteristics, a larger capacitor might be required. There are two options for connecting to the high-power signals (V+, OUTA, OUTB, GND): large holes on 0.2\" centers, which are compatible with the included terminal blocks, and pairs of 0.1\"-spaced holes that can be used with perfboards, breadboards, and 0.1\" connectors.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning:\u003c\/strong\u003e Take proper safety precautions when using high-power electronics. Make sure you know what you are doing when using high voltages or currents! During normal operation, this product can get \u003cstrong\u003ehot\u003c\/strong\u003e enough to burn you. Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe logic connections are designed to interface with 5V systems (5.5 V max); the minimum high input signal threshold is 3.5 V, so we do not recommend connecting this device directly to a 3.3 V controller. In a typical configuration, only PWM and DIR are required. The two fault flag pins (FF1 and FF2) can be monitored to detect problems (see the Fault Flag Table below for more details). The RESET pin, when held low, puts the driver into a low-power sleep mode and clears any latched fault flags. The V+ pin on the logic side of the board gives you access to monitor the motor’s power supply (it should not be used for high current). The board also provides a regulated 5 V pin which can provide a few milliamps (this is typically insufficient for a whole control circuit but can be useful as a reference or for very low-power microcontrollers).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePinout\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePINDefault StateDescription\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eV+ This is the main 5.5 – 30 V (absolute max) motor power supply connection, which should typically be made to the larger V+ pad. The smaller V+ pads along the long side of the board are intended for power supply capacitors, and the smaller V+ pad on the logic side of the board gives you access to monitor the motor’s power supply (it should not be used for high current).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5V (out) This regulated 5V \u003cstrong\u003eoutput\u003c\/strong\u003e provides a few milliamps. This output should not be connected to other external power supply lines. \u003cstrong\u003eBe careful not to accidentally short this pin to the neighboring V+ pin while power is being supplied\u003c\/strong\u003e as doing so will instantly destroy the board!\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGND Ground connection for logic and motor power supplies.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOUTA A motor output pin.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOUTB B motor output pin.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePWMLOWPulse width modulation input: a PWM signal on this pin corresponds to a PWM output on the motor outputs.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDIRFLOATDirection input: when DIR is high current will flow from OUTA to OUTB, when it is low current will flow from OUTB to OUTA.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRESETHIGHThe reset pin, when pulled low, puts the board into a low-power sleep mode and clears any latched fault flags.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFF1LOWFault flag 1 indicator: FF1 goes high when certain faults have occurred. See table below for details.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFF2LOWFault flag 2 indicator: FF2 goes high when certain faults have occurred. See table below for details.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIncluded Hardware\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA 16-pin \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pin-Headers-Straight\"\u003estraight breakaway male header\u003c\/a\u003e, two 150 uF capacitors, and two 2-pin 5mm terminal blocks are included with each motor driver. (Note: The terminals blocks are only rated for 15 A; for higher power applications, use thick wires soldered directly to the board.) Connecting large capacitors across the power supply is recommended; one way to do it is between the '+' and '-' holes, as shown below. The two mounting holes are intended to be used with #2 screws (not included).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePololu high-power motor driver with included hardware.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePololu high-power motor driver in a breadboard.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMotor Control Options\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith the PWM pin held low, both motor outputs will be held low (a brake operation). With PWM high, the motor outputs will be driven according to the DIR input. This allows two modes of operation: sign-magnitude, in which the PWM duty cycle controls the speed of the motor and DIR controls the direction, and locked-antiphase, in which a pulse-width-modulated signal is applied to the DIR pin with PWM held high.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn locked-antiphase operation, a low duty cycle drives the motor in one direction, and a high duty cycle drives the motor in the other direction; a 50% duty cycle turns the motor off. A successful locked-antiphase implementation depends on the motor inductance and switching frequency smoothing out the current (e.g. making the current zero in the 50% duty cycle case), so a high PWM frequency might be required.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMotor Driver Truth Table\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePWMDIROUTAOUTBOperation\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHLLHForward\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHHHLBackward\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLXLLBrake\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePWM Frequency\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe motor driver supports PWM frequencies as high as 40 kHz, though higher frequencies result in higher switching losses in the motor driver. Also, the driver has a dead time (when the outputs are not driven) of approximately 3 us per cycle, so high duty cycles become unavailable at high frequencies. For example, at 40 kHz, the period is 25 us; if 3 us of that is taken up by the dead time, the maximum available duty cycle is 22\/25, or 88%. (100% is always available, so gradually ramping the PWM input from 0 to 100% will result in the output ramping from 0 to 88%, staying at 88% for inputs of 88% through 99%, and then switching to 100%.)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReal-World Power Dissipation Considerations\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe motor driver can tolerate peak currents in excess of 200 A. The peak current ratings are for quick transients (e.g. when a motor is first turned on), and the continuous rating of 25 A is dependent on various conditions, such as the ambient temperature. The main limitation comes from heating and power dissipation; therefore, at high currents, the motor driver will be extremely hot, and performance can be improved by adding heat sinks or otherwise cooling the board. The driver’s printed circuit board is designed to draw heat out of the MOSFETs, but performance can be improved by adding a heat sink. With a proper heat sink, the motor driver can deliver up to 35 A of continuous current. For more information on power dissipation see the data sheet for the MOSFETs on the Resources tab.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBecause there is no internal temperature limiting on the motor driver, the entire system should be designed to keep the load current below the 25 A limit. An easy way to achieve this is to select a motor with a stall current below that limit. However, because a good motor can have stall currents dozens of times higher than the typical operating current, motors with stall currents that are hundreds of amps can be used with this driver as long as the running current is kept low. For example, a motor with a 100 A stall current might run well at 10 A, leaving a safe margin for the current to double for several minutes at a time or to triple for several seconds. If the motor does stall completely for a prolonged period, however, the motor or driver are likely to burn out.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning:\u003c\/strong\u003e This motor driver has no over-current or over-temperature shut-off. Either condition can cause \u003cstrong\u003epermanent damage\u003c\/strong\u003e to the motor driver. You might consider using an external current sensor, such as our \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/ACS714-Current-Sensor--30A-30A\"\u003eACS714 ±30A bidirectional current sensor carrier\u003c\/a\u003e to monitor your current draw.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFault Conditions\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe motor driver can detect three different fault states, which are reported on the FF1 and FF2 pins. The detectable faults are short circuits on the output, under-voltage, and over-temperature. A short-circuit fault is latched, meaning the outputs will stay off and the fault flag will stay high, until the board is reset (RESET brought low). The under-voltage fault disables outputs but is not latched. The over-temperature fault provides a weak indication of the board being too hot, but it does not directly indicate the temperature of the MOSFETs, which are usually the first components to overheat. The fault flag operation is summarized below.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFlag StateFault DescriptionDisable OutputsLatched Until Reset\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFF1FF2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLLNo faultNoNo\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLHShort CircuitYesYes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHLOver TemperatureNoNo\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHHUnder VoltageYesNo\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh-Power Motor Driver Versions\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are currently nine versions of the high-power motor driver. The three CS versions have the same pinout, and the six non-CS versions have the same pinout. The following table provides a comparison of the high-power motor drivers:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePololu high-power motor drivers\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNameMax nominal battery voltage (V)Max continuous current (A) w\/o heat sink\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh-power motor driver 18v25 CS1825\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-High-Power-Motor-Driver-18v25\"\u003eHigh-power motor driver 18v25\u003c\/a\u003e1825\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Motor-Driver-15A-IRF7862PBFD\"\u003eHigh-power motor driver 18v15\u003c\/a\u003e1815\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-High-Power-Motor-Driver-24v23-CS\"\u003eHigh-power motor driver 24v23 CS\u003c\/a\u003e2823\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh-power motor driver 24v202820\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh-power motor driver 24v122812\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-High-Power-Motor-Driver-36v20-CS\"\u003eHigh-power motor driver 36v20 CS\u003c\/a\u003e3620\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh-power motor driver 36v153615\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh-power motor driver 36v9369\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e Please consider our \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/index.php?route=product\/search\u0026amp;search=Simple%20Motor%20Controller\"\u003eSimple Motor Controllers\u003c\/a\u003e as alternatives to these motor drivers. They have very similar power characteristics and offer high-level interfaces (e.g. USB, RC hobby servo pulses, analog voltages, and TTL serial commands) that make them much easier to use for many applications.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394078916891,"sku":"Pololu-755","price":4939.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/755-2Pj7Ti2KMbhiPL.jpg?v=1701865115"},{"product_id":"pololu-1093","title":"30:1 Micro Metal Gearmotor HP 6V","description":"\u003cp\u003eThese tiny brushed DC gearmotors are intended for use at 6 V, though in general, these kinds of motors can run at voltages above and below this nominal voltage, so they should comfortably operate in the 3 – 9 V range (rotation can start at voltages as low as 0.5 V). Lower voltages might not be practical, and higher voltages could start negatively affecting the life of the motor. The micro metal gearmotors are available in a wide range of gear ratios—from 5:1 up to 1000:1—and offer a choice between three different motors: high-power (HP), medium-power (MP), and standard. With the exception of the 1000:1 gear ratio versions, all of the micro metal gearmotors have the same physical dimensions, so one version can be easily swapped for another if your design requirements change. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDetails for item #1093\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExact gear ratio: 31×33×35×3416×14×13×14≈29.86:1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGearmotor Dimensions\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cimg style=\"height: auto; margin: 0px;\" src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J430.610.png?0abbc4b8b0b4aba6b700f32139622cfd\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eMicro metal gearmotor dimensions (units in mm).\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe gearbox has a long (0.365\" or 9.27 mm), 3 mm-diameter D-shaped metal output shaft, and the brass faceplate has two mounting holes threaded for \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/product\/1954\"\u003eM1.6 screws\u003c\/a\u003e (1.6 mm diameter, 0.35 mm thread pitch). The gearmotor weighs approximately 0.35 oz (10 g). Versions with the extended motor shaft have a 1mm diameter round shaft that protrudes 4.5 mm from the rear of the motor, between the two motor terminals; this is not pictured in the above dimension diagram. In terms of size, these gearmotors are very similar to Sanyo’s popular 12 mm NA4S DC gearmotors, and gearmotors with this form factor are often referred to as N20 motors.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe gearbox on the \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/product\/1596\"\u003e1000:1\u003c\/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/product\/1595\"\u003e1000:1 HP\u003c\/a\u003e micro metal gearmotors is 12.5 mm long. All of the other micro metal gearmotors have 9mm-long gearboxes, as shown in the above dimension diagram.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eMotor Accessories\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eWheels and hubs:\u003c\/strong\u003e The micro metal gearmotor’s output shaft matches our assortment of \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-Wheel-32x7mm-Pair-White\"\u003ePololu wheels \u003c\/a\u003eand the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/product\/642\"\u003eSolarbotics RW2 rubber wheel\u003c\/a\u003e. You can also use our \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-Universal-Aluminum-Mounting-Hub-for-4mm-Shaft\"\u003ePololu universal mounting hubs\u003c\/a\u003e to mount custom wheels and mechanism to the micro metal gearmotor’s output shaft.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J900\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; height: auto; margin: 0px;\" src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J900.200.jpg?c87ab4360031baf5eeb7429cc32fd3af\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; height: auto; margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-74912f8b0d07e3addf4b2661a67de90a.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003ePololu wheel 32×7mm on a micro metal gearmotor.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J810\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; height: auto; margin: 0px;\" src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J810.200.jpg?6ce1b06e144e260ca729dddbebbfcc2a\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; height: auto; margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-74912f8b0d07e3addf4b2661a67de90a.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003ePololu wheel 42×19mm with micro metal gearmotor.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J1103\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; height: auto; margin: 0px;\" src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J1103.200.jpg?29a6bca6672e1ed883d67f0b35edc987\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; height: auto; margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-74912f8b0d07e3addf4b2661a67de90a.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eA pair of Pololu universal aluminum mounting hubs for 3 mm diameter shafts.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2598\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; height: auto; margin: 0px;\" src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2598.200.jpg?ad23083fc0bd834fa9c47a69655781a4\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; height: auto; margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-74912f8b0d07e3addf4b2661a67de90a.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eBlack Pololu 70×8mm wheel on a Pololu micro metal gearmotor.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394078949659,"sku":"Pololu-1093","price":2399.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/1093-123vzXDfmijsn6.jpg?v=1701865119"},{"product_id":"pololu-2120","title":"Pololu Adjustable Step-Up\/Step-Down Voltage Regulator S8V3A","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Pololu step-up\/step-down voltage regulator S8V3A is a switching regulator (also called a switched-mode power supply (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converter) with a single-ended primary-inductor converter (SEPIC) topology. It takes an input voltage from 1.5 V to 12 V and increases or decreases the voltage to a user-adjustable output voltage between 2 V and 12 V. The input voltage can be higher than, lower than, or equal to the set output voltage, and the voltage is regulated to achieve the set output voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis flexibility in input voltage is especially well-suited for battery-powered applications in which the battery voltage begins above the desired output voltage and drops below the target as the battery discharges. Without the typical restriction on the battery voltage staying above the required voltage throughout its life, new battery packs and form factors can be considered. For instance, a 4-cell battery holder, which might have a 6 V output with fresh alkalines but a 4.8 V nominal voltage with NiMH cells and a 4.0 V output with partially discharged cells, can now be used for a 5 V circuit. A single lithium-polymer cell can run a 3.3 V device through its whole discharge cycle. In another typical scenario, a disposable 9V battery powering a 5 V circuit can get completely discharged to 1.5 V instead of cutting out at 6 V, as with typical linear or step-down regulators.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe S8V3A regulator has a shutdown feature that can also be used as an under-voltage protection mechanism for batteries that respond poorly to being over-discharged. The shutdown threshold can be set with one external resistor; please see the Shutdown section below for details.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2753\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2753.350.jpg?053acdefccfbd60c57d79b3d14d1b7cd\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis regulator can deliver 300 mA continuous in typical applications where the output voltage is not too far from the input voltage. The regulator has under-voltage protection, and thermal shutdown prevents damage from overheating; the board does \u003cstrong\u003enot\u003c\/strong\u003e have reverse-voltage protection. For applications where the output is significantly different from the input, a regulator optimized for boosting (stepping up) or bucking (stepping down) is more efficient, but for small applications where efficiency is not a top priority, this board can be a convenient, general-purpose regulator to give your system a wide range of supported input voltages.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor a similar regulator with higher efficiency, consider our step-up\/step-down voltage regulator S7V8A.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eoutput voltage that can be higher than, the same as, or lower than the input voltage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003erecommended input voltage: 1.5 V to 12 V\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eoutput voltage adjustable between 2 V and 12 V\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003etypical continuous output current: 300 mA (Actual continuous output current depends on input voltage. See Typical Efficiency and Output Current section below for details)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.5 MHz switching frequency\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eintegrated over-temperature protection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003esmall size: 0.40\" x 0.70\" x 0.15\" (10 x 18 x 4 mm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 350px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2754\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2754.350.jpg?411f479542e56a806b9f75b79234f5b2\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003ePololu step-up\/step-down voltage regulator S8V3A with included hardware.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eUsing the Regulator\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDuring normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you. Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eConnections\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe step-up\/step-down regulator has 4 connections: input voltage (VIN), ground (GND), output voltage (VOUT), and shutdown (SHDN).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe input voltage, VIN, should be between 2 V and 12 V. GND should be at 0 V. Inputs below 1.5V can shut down the voltage regulator; inputs above 16V can destroy the regulator. Therefore, you should ensure that noise on your input does not exceed the 16 V maximum, and you should be wary of destructive LC spikes (see below for more information).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe output voltage, VOUT, is determined by the trimmer potentiometer position. See the Setting the Output Voltage section below for details.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eShutdown\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf the voltage on the SHDN pin drops below 1.1 V, the regulator will turn off. The SHDN pin is pulled up to VIN by a 130 kΩ resistor; by adding a resistor between SHDN and GND, you can set the shutdown voltage by making the SHDN pin cross 1.1 V when your input voltage crosses your desired threshold. If we call that threshold VOFF, the equation for the resistor to connect from SHDN to GND is:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2776.300.gif?ea316d0b3182ad3484a7ef8376adc3f0\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor example, if you want to set VOFF to 4 V, so that your battery does not discharge below 4 V, you should connect a 40kΩ resistor betweenSHDN and GND. The shutdown circuitry has a 0.6 V hysteresis; after the input voltage falls below VOFF the regulator will not turn back on until the voltage rises above VOFF + 0.6 V.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eSetting the Output Voltage\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe output voltage can be measured using a multimeter. Turning the potentiometer clockwise increases the output voltage. The output voltage can be affected by a screwdriver touching the potentiometer, so the output measurement should be done with nothing touching the potentiometer.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 400px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2764\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2764.400.jpg?b1b32502cfebd1b38f08286b7d2ecc21\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eOutput voltage settings for the step-up\/step-down voltage regulator S8V3A.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eTypical Efficiency and Output Current\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns. As shown in the graphs below, this switching regulator typically has an efficiency of 55% to 65%. The maximum achievable output current of the board depends on many factors, including the ambient temperature, air flow, heat sinking, and the input and output voltage. See the graphs below for more details on the typical efficiency and output currents for this voltage regulator.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2767\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2767.400.jpg?ca2113f4c1ec6659fe4f1a9d234fe34c\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2768\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2768.400.jpg?b1e4fa13149ad36a68d553b1685c6be6\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2769\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2769.400.jpg?c186c4afe5f6eb5cd8d1e553ebfa171e\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2770\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2770.400.jpg?ce9432c232fc1a6cf76ab96bbb276230\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2771\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2771.400.jpg?7fbc6d15b0fc67424791802b7d52ef6f\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eLC Voltage Spikes\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen connecting voltage to electronic circuits, the initial rush of current can cause voltage spikes that are much higher than the input voltage. If these spikes exceed the regulator’s absolute maximum voltage (16 V), the regulator can be destroyed. In our tests with typical power leads (~30\" test clips), input voltages above 10 V caused spikes over 16 V. If you are connecting more than 10 V or your power leads or supply has high inductance, we recommend soldering a 33μF or larger electrolytic capacitor close to the regulator between VIN and GND. The capacitor should be rated for at least 25 V.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore information about LC spikes can be found in our application note, Understanding Destructive LC Voltage Spikes.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394079080731,"sku":"Pololu-2120","price":949.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/2120-3TB9IoyiPGA37v.jpg?v=1701865125"},{"product_id":"pololu-1336","title":"Wixel Programmable USB Wireless Module (Fully Assembled)","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Pololu Wixel is a general-purpose programmable module featuring a 2.4 GHz radio and USB. You can write your own software or load precompiled, open-source apps onto the TI CC2511F32 microcontroller at the heart of the Wixel, turning it into a wireless serial link, data logger, or whatever you need for your current project. With 29 KB of available flash and 4 KB of RAM, the Wixel is even suitable as the main controller for a robot or other system. This version ships 0.1\" male header pins included but not soldered in, allowing for custom installations.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eOverview\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Pololu Wixel is a general-purpose programmable module featuring a 2.4 GHz radio and USB. The Wixel is based on the CC2511F32 microcontroller from Texas Instruments, which has an integrated radio transceiver, 32 KB of flash memory, 4 KB of RAM, and a full-speed USB interface. A total of 15 general-purpose I\/O lines are available, including 6 analog inputs, and the 0.1\" pin spacing makes the Wixel easy to use with breadboards and perfboards. These features give you three main ways to use this general-purpose module:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDirectly connect the Wixel to a PC to create a wireless USB dongle.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdd USB connectivity to your project via the Wixel.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdd wireless capabilities to a remote, self-powered device.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA single Wixel can be used as a computer-interface device, such as a USB-to-serial adapter, and it can even serve as the main controller for your system. Connecting the Wixel to a computer requires a USB A to mini-B cable (not included). Two or more modules are required to take advantage of the Wixel’s wireless capabilities. To help you get started with wireless communication, we offer a combination deal that includes two Wixels and a USB A to mini-B cable.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Wixel features a built-in USB bootloader that can be used in conjunction with our free Wixel Configuration Utility software to upload custom programs or precompiled, open-source apps to the Wixel (no external programmer is required). Our growing selection of free apps lets you turn the Wixel into whatever you need for your current project. No programming experience or compiler software is required to use these apps: simply download a different app to reuse the Wixel in your next project! We plan to release additional apps in the future for wireless AVR programming, wireless sensing, wireless motor driver interfaces, and more. Read more about the available apps…\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdvanced users can modify apps to suit the needs of their specific projects, and the apps serve as examples for programming the CC2511. ThePololu Wixel SDK Repository on GitHub is the central location for obtaining source code and sharing modifications with the community.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning about radio regulations:\u003c\/strong\u003e The Wixel has not been tested or certified for conformance with any radio regulations, and the Wixel is shipped with only a bootloader that does not use the radio. The 2.4 GHz band is relatively unrestricted in many parts of the world, but it is your responsibility to comply with your local regulations if you program your Wixel to use its wireless capabilities. More information…\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eThe Wixel as a Wireless Serial Port\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 250px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J3354\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J3354.250.jpg?711463e8a38179ef8ec7a6691097dfa5\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/images\/zoom.png?4d3c7fe586a56a6f32a1c798dc152ced\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003eWireless PC control of a 3pi robot using a pair of Wixels.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur Wireless Serial App turns a single Wixel into a USB-to-serial adapter and a pair of Wixels into a wireless USB\/TTL serial link for communication between two microcontrollers (like an XBee link) or between a PC and a microcontroller. Among many other things, you can use this versatile app to enable communication between two robots or to remotely monitor or control a robot from a computer. A special version of this app is designed for use with our \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Wixel-Shield-for-Arduino\"\u003eWixel shield for Arduino\u003c\/a\u003e, which makes it easy to add wireless capabilities (including wireless programmability) to an Arduino clone.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUsing an RF bit rate of 350 kbps, the serial app is capable of transmitting or receiving up to 10 KB of data per second and can reach a range of approximately 50 feet (under typical conditions indoors), and multiple serial links can be used simultaneously on different channels.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eWixel Pinout and Peripherals\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J3343.600.jpg?9fbdd6ec7ce52a900fc8068cb03a79cd\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eMain Features\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFull-speed USB\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e2.4 GHz Radio with 256 available channels that can be configured dynamically\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProgrammable through USB bootloader (no external programmer required)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePre-compiled, open-source apps available\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWixel SDK for developing your own applications in C using open source tools and libraries\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e0.1\" pin spacing (compatible with standard breadboards and 0.1\" perfboards)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3 indicator LEDs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e15 user I\/O lines, featuring 6 analog inputs, 2 USARTs (for serial or SPI), and 7 timer channels (capable of PWM)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4 KB of RAM and 29 KB of application program memory (flash)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eComprehensive user’s guide\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOperating voltage: 2.7 – 6.5 V\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOperating current: up to approximately 30 mA (can get down to ~100 μA when in sleep mode)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRadio\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFrequency: 2400 – 2483.5 MHz\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRange: approximately 50 feet (under typical conditions indoors)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBit rate: programmable, up to 350 kbps\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEffective data rate: up to 10 KB\/s\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSize: 0.7\" × 1.5\"\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWeight without header pins installed: 3.2 g\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eIncluded Hardware\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Wixel is available in two versions:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Wixel-Programmable-usb-assembled?search=1336\"\u003efully-assembled version\u003c\/a\u003e ships with its header pins soldered in, so it is ready to be connected to your project with no soldering required.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Wixel-Programmable-USB-Wireless-Module?search=1337\"\u003epartial kit version\u003c\/a\u003e ships with everything installed except the header pins. A 25×1 \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pin-Headers-Straight\"\u003estraight 0.1\" male header strip\u003c\/a\u003e is included as shown in the right picture below. This version is ideal for compact installations and allows flexibility in choice of connectors.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 250px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J3331\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J3331.250.jpg?833f4b80e433478575b8a06df4f950c6\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/images\/zoom.png?4d3c7fe586a56a6f32a1c798dc152ced\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eWixel programmable USB wireless module (fully assembled).\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 250px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J3333\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J3333.250.jpg?c8f5788be5f9ff1bf0390a5ebc34fc7f\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/images\/zoom.png?4d3c7fe586a56a6f32a1c798dc152ced\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eWixel programmable USB wireless module (without header pins installed).\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394079113499,"sku":"Pololu-1336","price":2269.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/1336-1lAgWCSpMBqcIH.jpg?v=1701865128"},{"product_id":"pololu-2199","title":"ACS709 Current Sensor Carrier -75 to +75A","description":"\u003cp\u003eOverview\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J3578\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J3578.250.jpg?e376aaa22f83bae68b23a198b07a4e01\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-3d5f229e087ea6a7cc511d1b36662e61.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis current sensor is a carrier board or breakout board for Allegro’s ACS709LLFTR-35BB-T Hall effect-based linear current sensor with overcurrent fault output; we therefore recommend careful reading of the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/ACS709_datasheet.pdf?file_id=0J498\"\u003eACS709 datasheet\u003c\/a\u003e (483k pdf) before using this product. The sensor has an operating voltage of 3 – 5.5 V and an output sensitivity of 18.5 mV\/A when Vcc is 3.3 V (or 28 mV\/A when Vcc is 5 V). The following list details some of the sensor’s key features:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOptimized accuracy for bidirectional input current from -37.5 to 37.5 A, with a linear sensing range from -75 to 75 A (see warning note below for thermal limitations).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConductive path internal resistance is typically 1.1 mΩ, and the PCB is made with 2-oz copper, so very little power is lost in the board.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrated shield greatly reduces capacitive coupling from current conductor to die and prevents offset drift in high-side applications.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUse of a Hall effect sensor means the IC is able to electrically isolate the current path from the sensor’s electronics (up to 2.1 kV RMS), which allows the sensor to be inserted anywhere along the current path and to be used in applications that require electrical isolation.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e120 kHz bandwith that can optionally be decreased by adding a capacitor across the board pins marked “FILT”.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh accuracy and reliability: typical total output error of 2% at room temperature with factory calibration, an extremely stable quiescent output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomotive-grade operating temperature range of -40°C to 150°C.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUser-settable overcurrent threshold: FAULT pin output latches low when current exceeds the configured threshold for a duration that can be set through the addition of an external capacitor.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe pads are labeled on the bottom silkscreen, as shown in the picture above. The silkscreen also shows the direction that is interpreted as positive current flow via the \u003cstrong\u003e+i\u003c\/strong\u003e arrow.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e The sensor’s extended -75 to 75 A range should be limited to transient currents. In our tests, we found that the IC could tolerate 50 A for 20 seconds or 37.5 A for 150 seconds before exceeding its maximum temperature rating of 150°C. Therefore, unless you are taking special steps to keep the IC cool, we recommend limiting continuous currents to under 30 A. Even with a low conductive path resistance of 1.1 mΩ, the board can get hot enough to burn you when the current is in the tens of amps, and the IC does not feature any kind of over-temperature protection, so thermal issues should be taken into consideration for high currents.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J3677\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J3677.250.jpg?9cceee1e52d5fb8e68d2c8a8afafd08f\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-3d5f229e087ea6a7cc511d1b36662e61.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eUsing the sensor\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eElectrical connections\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe only connections required to use this sensor are the input current (IP+ and IP-), logic power (VCC and GND), and the sensor output (VIOUT). All of the other pins are optional, as are the two external capacitors shown in the diagram to the right.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe sensor requires a supply voltage of 3 – 5.5 V to be connected across the VCC and GND pads, which are labeled on the bottom silkscreen. The sensor outputs an analog voltage that is linearly proportional to the input current. The quiescent output voltage is VCC\/2 and changes by 28 mV per amp of input current (when VCC = 5 V), with positive current increasing the output voltage and negative current decreasing the output voltage. For an arbitrary input current \u003cem\u003ei\u003c\/em\u003e (in amps), the sensor’s output voltage can be more generally represented as:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eVIOUT = (0.028 V\/A * i + 2.5 V) * VCC \/ 5 V\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe VZCR pin is the voltage reference output pin and can be used as a zero current (0 A) reference. It will be approximately equal to VCC\/2 and lets you more accurately compute the current from the VIOUT output voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe FILT pin lets you adjust the board’s bandwidth by adding a capacitor, CF, to ground (a ground pad has been added next to the FILT pin for convenience). Without any external filter capacitor, the bandwidth is 120 kHz. The datasheet provides more information on how the external filter capacitor affects bandwidth.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe FAULT pin is normally high and latches low when the current exceeds the overcurrent fault switchpoint (Ioc). This switchpoint is set by the voltage applied to the VOC pin and is dependent on the voltage divider shown in the schematic diagram below. By default, Ioc is set to 57 A, but it can be altered by adding external resistors to the voltage divider to change the VOC voltage. Once the FAULT pin is latched low, it can be reset by driving the FAULT_EN input low (this input is pulled high on the board). An external capacitor, COC, can be added to increase the overcurrent fault response time. Without this capacitor, the fault response time is typically under 2 us. For detailed information on using the overcurrent fault feature, including some key restrictions on the overcurrent threshold, please refer to the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/ACS709_datasheet.pdf?file_id=0J498\"\u003eACS709 datasheet\u003c\/a\u003e(483k pdf).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 350px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J3587\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J3587.350.jpg?718513c2605ef1bd2354c0ae0f818510\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-3d5f229e087ea6a7cc511d1b36662e61.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eACS709 current sensor carrier mounting holes and current inputs.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J3585\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J3585.225.jpg?f51d4a7a87b87d470c1bf8e25666c51b\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-3d5f229e087ea6a7cc511d1b36662e61.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eACS709 current sensor carrier with solderless ring terminal connectors (not included).\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe input current can be connected to the board in a variety of ways. Holes with 0.1″, 3.5 mm, and 5 mm spacing are available as shown in the diagram above for connecting male header pins or terminal blocks. For high-current applications, you can solder wires directly to the through-holes that best match your wires, or you can use solderless ring terminal connectors, as shown in the picture above. The large through-holes are big enough for #6 screws.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning:\u003c\/strong\u003e This product is intended for use below 30 V. Working with higher voltages can be extremely dangerous and should only be attempted by qualified individuals with appropriate equipment and protective gear.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eMounting information\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe board has two mounting holes on the logic side of the board. These mounting holes are 0.6\" apart and are designed for #2 screws.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eIncluded components\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis board ships assembled with all surface mount components, and an 8×1 strip of \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pin-Headers-Straight\"\u003e0.1″ header pins\u003c\/a\u003e is included but not soldered in, as shown in the picture below.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 250px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J3584\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J3584.250.jpg?3137235723b9a08adff174a060aa9531\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-3d5f229e087ea6a7cc511d1b36662e61.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eACS709 current sensor carrier with included 8 × 1 0.1″ header pins.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eSchematic diagram\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 600px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J3674\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J3674.600.png?cfdd32d4e3443728f9404daed7c0032c\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-3d5f229e087ea6a7cc511d1b36662e61.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eACS709 current sensor carrier schematic diagram.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394079211803,"sku":"Pololu #2199","price":1099.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/2199-mainsEVoa0W3tPzHh.jpg?v=1701865132"},{"product_id":"pololu-2135","title":"DRV8835 Dual Motor Driver Carrier","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis board is very similar to our \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/DRV8833-Dual-Motor-Driver-Carrier\"\u003eDRV8833 dual motor driver carrier\u003c\/a\u003e in operating voltage range and continuous current rating, but the DRV8835 has a lower minimum operating voltage, offers an extra control interface mode, and is 0.1″ smaller in each dimension. The DRV8833 has a higher peak current rating (2 A per channel vs 1.5 A), optional built-in current-limiting, and no need for externally supplied logic voltage.Texas Instruments’ DRV8835 is a tiny dual H-bridge motor driver IC that can be used for bidirectional control of two brushed DC motors at 2 to 11 V. It can supply up to about 1.2 A per channel continuously and can tolerate peak currents up to 1.5 A per channel for a few seconds, making it an ideal driver for small motors that run on relatively low voltages. The DRV8835 is a great IC, but its small, leadless package makes it difficult for the typical student or hobbyist to use; our breakout board gives this driver the form factor of a 14-pin DIP package, which makes it easy to use with standard \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Breadboard-GL-12\"\u003esolderless breadboards\u003c\/a\u003eand 0.1″ perfboards. Since this board is a carrier for the DRV8835, we recommend careful reading of the\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/drv8835.pdf?file_id=0J570\"\u003eDRV8835 datasheet\u003c\/a\u003e (208k pdf). The board ships populated with SMD components, including the DRV8835, and adds a FET for reverse battery protection.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor a higher-voltage alternative to this driver, please consider our DRV8801 motor driver carrier.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDual-H-bridge motor driver: can drive two DC motors or one stepper motor\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMotor supply voltage: 2–11 V\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLogic supply voltage: 2–7 V\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOutput current: 1.2 A continuous (1.5 A peak) per motor\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMotor outputs can be paralleled to deliver 2.4 A continuous (3 A peak) to a single motor\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo possible interface modes: IN\/IN (outputs mostly mirror inputs) or PHASE\/ENABLE (one pin for direction and another for speed)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInputs are 3V- and 5V-compatible\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnder-voltage lockout and protection against over-current and over-temperature\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReverse-voltage protection on the motor supply\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompact size (0.7″×0.4″) with the form factor of a 14-pin DIP package\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eUsing the motor driver\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 600px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4058.600.png?e001183f21121c56c071b2ada1efa30a\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eMinimal wiring diagram for connecting a microcontroller to a DRV8835 dual motor driver carrier in phase-enable mode.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMotor and motor power connections are made on one side of the board and logic power and control connections are made on the other. Each control input is pulled low through a weak pull-down resistor (approximately 100 kΩ), so the driver will be in the IN\/IN mode if the MODE pin is left disconnected, and the driver outputs will be disabled by default. The driver requires a motor voltage between 2 and 11 V and a logic voltage between 2 and 7 V; the logic voltage can typically be supplied by or shared with the controlling device.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe DRV8835 features two possible control modes: IN\/IN and PHASE\/ENABLE. The MODE pin determines the control interface. Setting the MODE pin high, either with a pull-up resistor or a driving-high I\/O line, sets the driver to PHASE\/ENABLE mode, where the PHASE pin determines the motor direction and the ENABLE pin can be supplied with a PWM signal to control the motor speed. This mode is generally easier to use as it only requires one PWM per channel, but it only allows for drive\/brake operation. (Drive\/brake operation usually provides a more linear relationship between PWM duty cycle and motor speed than drive\/coast operation, and we generally recommend using drive\/brake operation when possible.)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 2.109in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSimplified drive\/brake operation with MODE=1 (PHASE\/ENABLE)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .7555in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .6798in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .6798in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.4326in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 2.109in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003exPHASE\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .7555in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003exENABLE\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .6798in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003exOUT1\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .6798in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003exOUT2\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.4326in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eoperating mode\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 2.109in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.7555in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePWM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.6798in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePWM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.6798in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.4326in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eforward\/brake at speed PWM %\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 2.109in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.7555in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePWM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.6798in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.6798in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePWM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.4326in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ereverse\/brake at speed PWM %\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 2.109in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eX\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.7555in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.6798in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.6798in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.4326in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ebrake low (outputs shorted to ground)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eAdvanced usage with IN\/IN mode\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 600px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J4057\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4057.600.png?1190b2eb667bd497dea0d12bdce607d3\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eMinimal wiring diagram for connecting a microcontroller to a DRV8835 dual motor driver carrier in in-in mode.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen the MODE pin is disconnected or low, the control interface is IN\/IN, which allows for slightly more advanced control options. The following truth table show how to achieve drive\/coast and drive\/brake operation using the IN\/IN control interface:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 3.5097in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDrive\/coast or drive\/brake operation with MODE=0 (IN\/IN)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .6673in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .675in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .675in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 2.4618in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 3.5097in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003exIN1\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .6673in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003exIN2\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .675in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003exOUT1\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .675in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003exOUT2\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 2.4618in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eoperating mode\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 3.5097in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.6673in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.675in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOPEN\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.675in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOPEN\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 2.4618in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ecoast (outputs off)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 3.5097in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePWM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.6673in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.675in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePWM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.675in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 2.4618in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eforward\/coast at speed PWM %\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 3.5097in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.6673in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePWM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.675in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.675in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePWM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 2.4618in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ereverse\/coast at speed PWM %\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 3.5097in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.6673in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePWM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.675in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePWM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.675in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 2.4618in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eforward\/brake at speed 100% − PWM %\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 3.5097in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePWM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.6673in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.675in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.675in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePWM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 2.4618in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ereverse\/brake at speed 100% − PWM %\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 3.5097in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.6673in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.675in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.675in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 2.4618in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ebrake low (outputs shorted to ground)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003ePinout\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J4056\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4056.350.jpg?da828fa9a5af1b8e40bedb2e4c63c8fd\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: .7583in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePIN\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: .743in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDefault State\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 5.3222in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDescription\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: top; width: .7583in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVIN\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: top; width: .743in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: top; width: 5.3222in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReverse-protected motor power supply input. While the driver can operate from a motor supply of 0 V to 11 V, the reverse-protection circuit will start negatively affecting performance below a few volts, and 1.5 V is the lower limit of where it can be used. Power can be supplied directly to VMM to bypass the reverse-protection circuit.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: .7583in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVCC\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: .743in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 5.3222in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1.8 V to 7 V logic power supply connection. Logic supply current draw is typically only a few milliamps at most, so in many applications this pin can optionally be dynamically powered by a microcontroller digital output.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: top; width: .7583in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVMM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: top; width: .743in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: top; width: 5.3222in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis pin gives access to the motor power supply after the reverse-voltage protection MOSFET (see the board schematic below). It can be used to supply reverse-protected power to other components in the system. It is generally intended as an output, but it can also be used to supply board power (such as in cases where the motor supply voltage is too low for the reverse-protection circuit).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: .7583in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGND\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: .743in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 5.3222in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGround connection points for the motor and logic power supplies. The control source and the motor driver must share a common ground.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: top; width: .7583in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAOUT1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: top; width: .743in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: top; width: 5.3222in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe motor A half-bridge 1 output.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: .7583in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAOUT2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: .743in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 5.3222in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe motor A half-bridge 2 output.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: top; width: .7583in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBOUT1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: top; width: .743in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: top; width: 5.3222in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe motor B half-bridge 1 output.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: .7583in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBOUT2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: .743in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 5.3222in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe motor B half-bridge 2 output.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: top; width: .7583in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAIN1\/APHASE\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: top; width: .743in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLOW\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: top; width: 5.3222in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA logic input control for motor channel A.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: .7583in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAIN2\/AENABLE\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: .743in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLOW\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 5.3222in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA logic input control for motor channel A.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: top; width: .7583in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBIN1\/BPHASE\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: top; width: .743in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLOW\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: top; width: 5.3222in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA logic input control for motor channel B.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: .7583in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBIN2\/BENABLE\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: .743in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLOW\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 5.3222in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA logic input control for motor channel B.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: top; width: .7583in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMODE\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: top; width: .743in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLOW\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: top; width: 5.3222in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLogic input that determines the control interface. Logic low on this pin results in IN\/IN mode while logic high results in PHASE\/ENABLE mode.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eReal-world power dissipation considerations\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe DRV8835 datasheet recommends a maximum continuous current of 1.5 A per motor channel. However, the chip by itself will overheat at lower currents. For example, in our tests at room temperature with no forced air flow, the chip was able to deliver 1.5 A per channel for approximately 15 seconds before the chip’s thermal protection kicked in and disabled the motor outputs, while a continuous current of 1.2 A per channel was sustainable for many minutes without triggering a thermal shutdown. The actual current you can deliver will depend on how well you can keep the motor driver cool. The carrier’s printed circuit board is designed to draw heat out of the motor driver chip, but performance can be improved by adding a heat sink. Our tests were conducted at 100% duty cycle; PWMing the motor will introduce additional heating proportional to the frequency.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis product can get \u003cstrong\u003ehot\u003c\/strong\u003e enough to burn you long before the chip overheats. Take care when handling this product and other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eIncluded hardware\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J4053\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4053.300.jpg?01e83110f92b2e016c9c43e6503abe3e\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J4054\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4054.300.jpg?708b0bc5e5d9f22362d5677af460d5e2\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTwo 1×7-pin breakaway \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pin-Headers-Straight\"\u003e0.1″ male headers\u003c\/a\u003e are included with the DRV8835 dual motor driver carrier, which can be soldered in to use the driver with perfboards, \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Breadboard-GL-12\"\u003ebreadboards\u003c\/a\u003e, or \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Female-Header-40pin\"\u003e0.1″ female connectors\u003c\/a\u003e. (The headers might ship as a single 1×14 piece that can be broken in half.) The right picture above shows the two possible board orientations when used with these header pins (parts visible or silkscreen visible). You can also solder your motor leads and other connections directly to the board.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eSchematic\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 600px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4059.600.png?4af3bab80db90bd7b1ffeb304f2a9ec6\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eSchematic of the DRV8835 dual motor driver carrier.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394079277339,"sku":"Pololu-2135","price":999.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/2135-maingbe98dmC0vmoZ.jpg?v=1701865135"},{"product_id":"pololu-799","title":"Pololu Adjustable Boost Regulator 4-25V","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Pololu adjustable boost regulator is a very flexible switching regulator (also called a switched-mode power supply, SMPS, or DC-to-DC converter) that can generate voltages higher than its input voltage. We offer two adjustable ranges: approximately \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Adjustable-boost-regulator-2-5-9-5V\"\u003e2.5 V to 9.5 V\u003c\/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Adjustable-boost-regulator-4-25V\"\u003e4 V to 25 V\u003c\/a\u003e. The output voltage can be set using the trimmer potentiometer in the upper-right corner of the board. The input voltage range is 1.5 V to 16 V (the input voltage should be kept below the output voltage). The integrated 2 A switch allows for output currents high enough to drive small motors, as in our \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-3pi-Robot\"\u003e3pi robot\u003c\/a\u003e, and allows large voltage gains, such as obtaining 24 V from two NiMH or NiCd cells.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome example applications include:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePowering 5 V or 3.3 V systems from lower-voltage batteries\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePowering 5 V subsystems (e.g. sensors) in lower-voltage (e.g. 3.3 V) systems\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAchieving consistent actuator operation when powered by fluctuating batteries\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePowering high-brightness LEDs or a large number of LEDs in series\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeature summary\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003einput voltage: 1.5 V to 16 V\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eoutput adjustable from \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Adjustable-boost-regulator-2-5-9-5V\"\u003e2.5 V to 9.5 V\u003c\/a\u003e or \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Adjustable-boost-regulator-4-25V\"\u003e4 V to 25 V\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e750 kHz switching frequency\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e2 A switch (and input) limit\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eintegrated over-temperature and over-current shutoff\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003etypical efficiency of 80-90% when doubling voltage and with 100-500 mA output\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003esmall size: 10.7 x 22.4 x 5.8 mm (0.42\" x 0.88\" x 0.23\")\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eweight without header pins: 1.6 g (0.06 oz)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eUsing the Boost Regulator\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J1189\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J1189.250.jpg?2598e5b3dc3f8ecfd8e083972d7f400c\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eConnections\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe boost regulator has just three connections: the input voltage, ground, and the output voltage. These three connections are labeled on the back side of the PCB, and they are arranged with a 0.1\" spacing along the edge of the board for compatibility with standard \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/index.php?route=product\/search\u0026amp;search=breadboard\"\u003esolderless breadboards\u003c\/a\u003e and perfboards and connectors that use a 0.1\" grid. You can solder wires directly to the board or solder in either the 3×1 \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pin-Headers-Straight\"\u003estraight male header strip\u003c\/a\u003e or the 3×1 \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Right-angled-pin-Headers-40-pin\"\u003eright-angle male header strip\u003c\/a\u003e that is included.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eSetting the output voltage\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe output voltage can be adjusted using a meter and a light load (e.g. a 1k resistor). Turning the potentiometer clockwise increases the output voltage. The output voltage can be affected by a screwdriver touching the potentiometer, so the output measurement should be done with nothing touching the potentiometer.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cins\u003eYou should be careful not to use an input voltage that exceeds the output voltage setting\u003c\/ins\u003e, so we recommend setting the output voltage with the input voltage around or below 2.5 V (e.g. using one or two alkaline batteries). Note that the potentiometer has no physical end stops, which means that the wiper can be turned 360 degrees and into an invalid region in which the output voltage is set to approximately 2.5 V (for both the 2.5 V to 9.5 V and 4 V to 25 V versions).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 400px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J1196\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J1196.400.jpg?2efaa07f5b49a684d7a6f0ee4f6ca675\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eOutput voltage settings for the adjustable boost regulators.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cstrong\u003eabsolute limit\u003c\/strong\u003e for the input voltage is \u003cins\u003edouble the output set voltage\u003c\/ins\u003e. For example, if the output is set to 6 V, the input must not exceed 12 V. Once the input exceeds the output set point, the output voltage will rise with the input voltage since the input is connected to the output through an inductor and a diode.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e The trimmer potentiometer is not rated for continual adjustment back and forth; the intended application is to set the output voltage a few times in its life.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eEfficiency and available output current\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe available output current depends on the input and output voltages. The input current is limited to approximately 2 A, and, as shown in the graphs below, the efficiency is typically 80% to 90%. Therefore, the maximum available current will be approximately 800 mA when doubling the input voltage and approximately 400 mA when quadrupling the input voltage. At high output powers, the 20% lost in the regulator will cause substantial heating, which can limit the available output power (the regulator will automatically shut off if its internal temperature gets too high). At low output currents and high input and output voltages, the efficiency drops closer to 50%, though the lower power involved prevents heating from being an issue. Some output voltages shown in the efficiency graphs below can only be achieved using the 4-25V adjustable boost regulator.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2852\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2852.400.jpg?b97ff40e254aec3b26a5ef347e7f010e\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2853\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2853.400.jpg?d9ead486d6add3e03597945d2005a649\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2854\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2854.400.jpg?5343073395687b5e587a3c99c96f004e\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394079375643,"sku":"Pololu-799","price":1189.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/799-2zSKVhhdlNwpFT.jpg?v=1701865139"},{"product_id":"pololu-1182","title":"Pololu A4988 Stepper Motor Driver Carrier - Original","description":"\u003cp\u003eOverview\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis product is a carrier board or breakout board for Allegro’s A4988 DMOS Microstepping Driver with Translator and Overcurrent Protection; we therefore recommend careful reading of the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/a4988_DMOS_microstepping_driver_with_translator.pdf?file_id=0J450\"\u003eA4988 datasheet\u003c\/a\u003e(380k pdf) before using this product. This stepper motor driver lets you control one bipolar stepper motorat up to 2 A output current per coil (see the \u003cem\u003ePower Dissipation Considerations\u003c\/em\u003e section below for more information). Here are some of the driver’s key features:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSimple step and direction control interface\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFive different step resolutions: full-step, half-step, quarter-step, eighth-step, and sixteenth-step\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdjustable current control lets you set the maximum current output with a potentiometer, which lets you use voltages above your stepper motor’s rated voltage to achieve higher step rates\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntelligent chopping control that automatically selects the correct current decay mode (fast decay or slow decay)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOver-temperature thermal shutdown, under-voltage lockout, and crossover-current protection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShort-to-ground and shorted-load protection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis product ships with all surface-mount components—including the A4988 driver IC—installed as shown in the product picture.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote that we carry several stepper motor drivers that can be used as alternatives for this module. The Black Edition A4988 stepper motor driver carrier is available with approximately 20% better performance; except for thermal characteristics, the Black Edition and this (green) board are interchangeable. We also sell a larger version of the A4988 carrier that has reverse power protection on the main power input and built-in 5 V and 3.3 V voltage regulators that eliminate the need for separate logic and motor supplies. Finally, our \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/DRV8825-Stepper-Motor-Driver-Carrier-High-Current\"\u003eDRV8825 carrier\u003c\/a\u003e offers approximately 50% better performance over a wider voltage range and with a few additional features, and it can be used as a drop-in replacement for this driver in many applications.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome unipolar stepper motors (e.g. those with six or eight leads) can be controlled by this driver as bipolar stepper motors. For more information, please see the frequently asked questions. Unipolar motors with five leads cannot be used with this driver.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIncluded hardware\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe A4988 stepper motor driver carrier comes with one 1×16-pin breakaway \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pin-Headers-Straight\"\u003e0.1\" male header\u003c\/a\u003e. The headers can be soldered in for use with \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/index.php?route=product\/search\u0026amp;search=breadboard\"\u003esolderless breadboards\u003c\/a\u003e or \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Female-Header-40pin\"\u003e0.1\" female connectors\u003c\/a\u003e. You can also solder your motor leads and other connections directly to the board.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUsing the driver\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMinimal wiring diagram for connecting a microcontroller to an A4988 stepper motor driver carrier (full-step mode).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePower connections\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe driver requires a logic supply voltage (3 – 5.5 V) to be connected across the VDD and GND pins and a motor supply voltage (8 – 35 V) to be connected across VMOT and GND. These supplies should have appropriate decoupling capacitors close to the board, and they should be capable of delivering the expected currents (peaks up to 4 A for the motor supply).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning:\u003c\/strong\u003e This carrier board uses low-ESR ceramic capacitors, which makes it susceptible to destructive LC voltage spikes, especially when using power leads longer than a few inches. Under the right conditions, these spikes can exceed the 35 V maximum voltage rating for the A4988 and permanently damage the board, even when the motor supply voltage is as low as 12 V. One way to protect the driver from such spikes is to put a large (at least 47 µF) electrolytic capacitor across motor power (VMOT) and ground somewhere close to the board.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMotor connections\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFour, six, and eight-wire stepper motors can be driven by the A4988 if they are properly connected; a FAQ answer explains the proper wirings in detail.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning:\u003c\/strong\u003e Connecting or disconnecting a stepper motor while the driver is powered can destroy the driver. (More generally, rewiring anything while it is powered is asking for trouble.)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStep (and microstep) size\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStepper motors typically have a step size specification (e.g. 1.8° or 200 steps per revolution), which applies to full steps. A microstepping driver such as the A4988 allows higher resolutions by allowing intermediate step locations, which are achieved by energizing the coils with intermediate current levels. For instance, driving a motor in quarter-step mode will give the 200-step-per-revolution motor 800 microsteps per revolution by using four different current levels.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe resolution (step size) selector inputs (MS1, MS2, and MS3) enable selection from the five step resolutions according to the table below. MS1 and MS3 have internal 100kΩ pull-down resistors and MS2 has an internal 50kΩ pull-down resistor, so leaving these three microstep selection pins disconnected results in full-step mode. For the microstep modes to function correctly, the current limit must be set low enough (see below) so that current limiting gets engaged. Otherwise, the intermediate current levels will not be correctly maintained, and the motor will skip microsteps.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMS1MS2MS3Microstep Resolution\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLowLowLowFull step\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHighLowLowHalf step\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLowHighLowQuarter step\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHighHighLowEighth step\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHighHighHighSixteenth step\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eControl inputs\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEach pulse to the STEP input corresponds to one microstep of the stepper motor in the direction selected by the DIR pin. Note that the STEP and DIR pins are not pulled to any particular voltage internally, so you should not leave either of these pins floating in your application. If you just want rotation in a single direction, you can tie DIR directly to VCC or GND. The chip has three different inputs for controlling its many power states: RST, SLP, andEN. For details about these power states, see the datasheet. Please note that the RST pin is floating; if you are not using the pin, you can connect it to the adjacent SLP pin on the PCB to bring it high and enable the board.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCurrent limiting\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo achieve high step rates, the motor supply is typically much higher than would be permissible without active current limiting. For instance, a typical stepper motor might have a maximum current rating of 1 A with a 5Ω coil resistance, which would indicate a maximum motor supply of 5 V. Using such a motor with 12 V would allow higher step rates, but the current must actively be limited to under 1 A to prevent damage to the motor.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe A4988 supports such active current limiting, and the trimmer potentiometer on the board can be used to set the current limit. One way to set the current limit is to put the driver into full-step mode and to measure the current running through a single motor coil without clocking the STEP input. The measured current will be 0.7 times the current limit (since both coils are always on and limited to 70% of the current limit setting in full-step mode). Please note that changing the logic voltage, Vdd, to a different value will change the current limit setting since the voltage on the “ref” pin is a function of Vdd.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother way to set the current limit is to measure the voltage on the “ref” pin and to calculate the resulting current limit (the current sense resistors are 0.05Ω). The ref pin voltage is accessible on a via that is circled on the bottom silkscreen of the circuit board. The current limit relates to the reference voltage as follows:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCurrent Limit = VREF * 2.5\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo, for example, if the reference voltage is 0.3 V, the current limit is 0.75 A. As mentioned above, in full step mode, the current through the coils is limited to 70% of the current limit, so to get a full-step coil current of 1 A, the current limit should be 1 A\/0.7=1.4 A, which corresponds to a VREF of 1.4 A\/2.5=0.56 V. See the A4988 datasheet for more information.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e The coil current can be very different from the power supply current, so you should not use the current measured at the power supply to set the current limit. The appropriate place to put your current meter is in series with one of your stepper motor coils.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePower dissipation considerations\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe A4988 driver IC has a maximum current rating of 2 A per coil, but the actual current you can deliver depends on how well you can keep the IC cool. The carrier’s printed circuit board is designed to draw heat out of the IC, but to supply more than approximately 1 A per coil, a heat sink or other cooling method is required.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis product can get \u003cstrong\u003ehot\u003c\/strong\u003e enough to burn you long before the chip overheats. Take care when handling this product and other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlease note that measuring the current draw at the power supply will generally not provide an accurate measure of the coil current. Since the input voltage to the driver can be significantly higher than the coil voltage, the measured current on the power supply can be quite a bit lower than the coil current (the driver and coil basically act like a switching step-down power supply). Also, if the supply voltage is very high compared to what the motor needs to achieve the set current, the duty cycle will be very low, which also leads to significant differences between average and RMS currents.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSchematic diagram\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSchematic diagram of the md09b A4988 stepper motor driver carrier.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394079441179,"sku":"Pololu-1182","price":1749.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/1182-mainFrxCBcMXQNrky.jpg?v=1701865142"},{"product_id":"pololu-791","title":"Pololu Adjustable Boost Regulator 2.5-9.5V","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Pololu adjustable boost regulator is a very flexible switching regulator (also called a switched-mode power supply, SMPS, or DC-to-DC converter) that can generate voltages higher than its input voltage. We offer two adjustable ranges: approximately \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Adjustable-boost-regulator-2-5-9-5V\"\u003e2.5 V to 9.5 V\u003c\/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Adjustable-boost-regulator-4-25V\"\u003e4 V to 25 V\u003c\/a\u003e. The output voltage can be set using the trimmer potentiometer in the upper-right corner of the board. The input voltage range is 1.5 V to 16 V (the input voltage should be kept below the output voltage). The integrated 2 A switch allows for output currents high enough to drive small motors, as in our \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-3pi-Robot\"\u003e3pi robot\u003c\/a\u003e, and allows large voltage gains, such as obtaining 24 V from two NiMH or NiCd cells.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome example applications include:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePowering 5 V or 3.3 V systems from lower-voltage batteries\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePowering 5 V subsystems (e.g. sensors) in lower-voltage (e.g. 3.3 V) systems\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAchieving consistent actuator operation when powered by fluctuating batteries\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePowering high-brightness LEDs or a large number of LEDs in series\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeature summary\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003einput voltage: 1.5 V to 16 V\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eoutput adjustable from \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Adjustable-boost-regulator-2-5-9-5V\"\u003e2.5 V to 9.5 V\u003c\/a\u003e or \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Adjustable-boost-regulator-4-25V\"\u003e4 V to 25 V\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e750 kHz switching frequency\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e2 A switch (and input) limit\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eintegrated over-temperature and over-current shutoff\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003etypical efficiency of 80-90% when doubling voltage and with 100-500 mA output\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003esmall size: 10.7 x 22.4 x 5.8 mm (0.42\" x 0.88\" x 0.23\")\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eweight without header pins: 1.6 g (0.06 oz)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eUsing the Boost Regulator\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J1189\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J1189.250.jpg?2598e5b3dc3f8ecfd8e083972d7f400c\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eConnections\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe boost regulator has just three connections: the input voltage, ground, and the output voltage. These three connections are labeled on the back side of the PCB, and they are arranged with a 0.1\" spacing along the edge of the board for compatibility with standard \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/index.php?route=product\/search\u0026amp;search=breadboard\"\u003esolderless breadboards\u003c\/a\u003e and perfboards and connectors that use a 0.1\" grid. You can solder wires directly to the board or solder in either the 3×1 \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pin-Headers-Straight\"\u003estraight male header strip\u003c\/a\u003e or the 3×1 \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Right-angled-pin-Headers-40-pin\"\u003eright-angle male header strip\u003c\/a\u003e that is included.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eSetting the output voltage\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe output voltage can be adjusted using a meter and a light load (e.g. a 1k resistor). Turning the potentiometer clockwise increases the output voltage. The output voltage can be affected by a screwdriver touching the potentiometer, so the output measurement should be done with nothing touching the potentiometer.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cins\u003eYou should be careful not to use an input voltage that exceeds the output voltage setting\u003c\/ins\u003e, so we recommend setting the output voltage with the input voltage around or below 2.5 V (e.g. using one or two alkaline batteries). Note that the potentiometer has no physical end stops, which means that the wiper can be turned 360 degrees and into an invalid region in which the output voltage is set to approximately 2.5 V (for both the 2.5 V to 9.5 V and 4 V to 25 V versions).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 400px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J1196\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J1196.400.jpg?2efaa07f5b49a684d7a6f0ee4f6ca675\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eOutput voltage settings for the adjustable boost regulators.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cstrong\u003eabsolute limit\u003c\/strong\u003e for the input voltage is \u003cins\u003edouble the output set voltage\u003c\/ins\u003e. For example, if the output is set to 6 V, the input must not exceed 12 V. Once the input exceeds the output set point, the output voltage will rise with the input voltage since the input is connected to the output through an inductor and a diode.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e The trimmer potentiometer is not rated for continual adjustment back and forth; the intended application is to set the output voltage a few times in its life.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eEfficiency and available output current\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe available output current depends on the input and output voltages. The input current is limited to approximately 2 A, and, as shown in the graphs below, the efficiency is typically 80% to 90%. Therefore, the maximum available current will be approximately 800 mA when doubling the input voltage and approximately 400 mA when quadrupling the input voltage. At high output powers, the 20% lost in the regulator will cause substantial heating, which can limit the available output power (the regulator will automatically shut off if its internal temperature gets too high). At low output currents and high input and output voltages, the efficiency drops closer to 50%, though the lower power involved prevents heating from being an issue. Some output voltages shown in the efficiency graphs below can only be achieved using the 4-25V adjustable boost regulator.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2852\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2852.400.jpg?b97ff40e254aec3b26a5ef347e7f010e\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2853\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2853.400.jpg?d9ead486d6add3e03597945d2005a649\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2854\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2854.400.jpg?5343073395687b5e587a3c99c96f004e\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394079506715,"sku":"Pololu-791","price":1189.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/791-2hLeai9ZxfyO97.jpg?v=1701865145"},{"product_id":"pololu-758","title":"Pololu High-Power Motor Driver 18v25","description":"\u003cp\u003eOverview\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Pololu high-power motor driver is a discrete MOSFET H-bridge designed to drive large DC brushed motors. The H-bridge is made up of two N-channel MOSFET per leg, and most of the board’s performance is determined by these MOSFETs (the rest of the board contains the circuitry to take user inputs and control the MOSFETs). The MOSFET datasheet is available under the “Resources” tab. The MOSFETs have an absolute maximum voltage rating of 30 V, and higher voltages can permanently destroy the motor driver. Under normal operating conditions, ripple voltage on the supply line can raise the maximum voltage to more than the average or intended voltage, so a safe maximum voltage is approximately 24 V.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e batteries that are nominally 24 V can be much higher than that when fully charged; this product is therefore not recommended for use with 24 V batteries unless appropriate measures are taken to limit the peak voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe versatility of this driver makes it suitable for a large range of currents and voltages: it can deliver up to 25 A of continuous current with a board size of only 1.8\" by 0.8\" and no required heat sink. With the addition of a heat sink, it can drive a motor with up to about 35 A of continuous current. The module offers a simple interface that requires as little as two I\/O lines while allowing for both sign-magnitude and locked-antiphase operation. Integrated detection of various short-circuit conditions protects against common causes of catastrophic failure; however, please note that the board does not include reverse power protection or any over-current or over-temperature protection.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUsing the Motor Driver\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConnections\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe motor and motor power connections are on one side of the board, and the control connections (5V logic) are on the other side. The motor supply should be capable of supplying high current, and a large capacitor should be installed close to the motor driver. The included axial capacitors can be installed directly on the board in the pins labeled '+' and '-' as shown below. Such installations are compact but might limit heat sinking options; also, depending on the power supply quality and motor characteristics, a larger capacitor might be required. There are two options for connecting to the high-power signals (V+, OUTA, OUTB, GND): large holes on 0.2\" centers, which are compatible with the included terminal blocks, and pairs of 0.1\"-spaced holes that can be used with perfboards, breadboards, and 0.1\" connectors.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning:\u003c\/strong\u003e Take proper safety precautions when using high-power electronics. Make sure you know what you are doing when using high voltages or currents! During normal operation, this product can get \u003cstrong\u003ehot\u003c\/strong\u003e enough to burn you. Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe logic connections are designed to interface with 5V systems (5.5 V max); the minimum high input signal threshold is 3.5 V, so we do not recommend connecting this device directly to a 3.3 V controller. In a typical configuration, only PWM and DIR are required. The two fault flag pins (FF1 and FF2) can be monitored to detect problems (see the Fault Flag Table below for more details). The RESET pin, when held low, puts the driver into a low-power sleep mode and clears any latched fault flags. The V+ pin on the logic side of the board gives you access to monitor the motor’s power supply (it should not be used for high current). The board also provides a regulated 5 V pin which can provide a few milliamps (this is typically insufficient for a whole control circuit but can be useful as a reference or for very low-power microcontrollers).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePinout\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePINDefault StateDescription\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eV+ This is the main 5.5 – 30 V (absolute max) motor power supply connection, which should typically be made to the larger V+ pad. The smaller V+ pads along the long side of the board are intended for power supply capacitors, and the smaller V+ pad on the logic side of the board gives you access to monitor the motor’s power supply (it should not be used for high current).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5V (out) This regulated 5V \u003cstrong\u003eoutput\u003c\/strong\u003e provides a few milliamps. This output should not be connected to other external power supply lines. \u003cstrong\u003eBe careful not to accidentally short this pin to the neighboring V+ pin while power is being supplied\u003c\/strong\u003e as doing so will instantly destroy the board!\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGND Ground connection for logic and motor power supplies.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOUTA A motor output pin.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOUTB B motor output pin.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePWMLOWPulse width modulation input: a PWM signal on this pin corresponds to a PWM output on the motor outputs.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDIRFLOATDirection input: when DIR is high current will flow from OUTA to OUTB, when it is low current will flow from OUTB to OUTA.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRESETHIGHThe reset pin, when pulled low, puts the board into a low-power sleep mode and clears any latched fault flags.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFF1LOWFault flag 1 indicator: FF1 goes high when certain faults have occurred. See table below for details.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFF2LOWFault flag 2 indicator: FF2 goes high when certain faults have occurred. See table below for details.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIncluded Hardware\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA 16-pin \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pin-Headers-Straight\"\u003estraight breakaway male header\u003c\/a\u003e, two 150 uF capacitors, and two 2-pin 5mm terminal blocks are included with each motor driver. (Note: The terminals blocks are only rated for 15 A; for higher power applications, use thick wires soldered directly to the board.) Connecting large capacitors across the power supply is recommended; one way to do it is between the '+' and '-' holes, as shown below. The two mounting holes are intended to be used with #2 screws (not included).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePololu high-power motor driver with included hardware.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePololu high-power motor driver in a breadboard.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMotor Control Options\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith the PWM pin held low, both motor outputs will be held low (a brake operation). With PWM high, the motor outputs will be driven according to the DIR input. This allows two modes of operation: sign-magnitude, in which the PWM duty cycle controls the speed of the motor and DIR controls the direction, and locked-antiphase, in which a pulse-width-modulated signal is applied to the DIR pin with PWM held high.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn locked-antiphase operation, a low duty cycle drives the motor in one direction, and a high duty cycle drives the motor in the other direction; a 50% duty cycle turns the motor off. A successful locked-antiphase implementation depends on the motor inductance and switching frequency smoothing out the current (e.g. making the current zero in the 50% duty cycle case), so a high PWM frequency might be required.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMotor Driver Truth Table\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePWMDIROUTAOUTBOperation\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHLLHForward\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHHHLBackward\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLXLLBrake\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePWM Frequency\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe motor driver supports PWM frequencies as high as 40 kHz, though higher frequencies result in higher switching losses in the motor driver. Also, the driver has a dead time (when the outputs are not driven) of approximately 3 us per cycle, so high duty cycles become unavailable at high frequencies. For example, at 40 kHz, the period is 25 us; if 3 us of that is taken up by the dead time, the maximum available duty cycle is 22\/25, or 88%. (100% is always available, so gradually ramping the PWM input from 0 to 100% will result in the output ramping from 0 to 88%, staying at 88% for inputs of 88% through 99%, and then switching to 100%.)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReal-World Power Dissipation Considerations\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe motor driver can tolerate peak currents in excess of 200 A. The peak current ratings are for quick transients (e.g. when a motor is first turned on), and the continuous rating of 25 A is dependent on various conditions, such as the ambient temperature. The main limitation comes from heating and power dissipation; therefore, at high currents, the motor driver will be extremely hot, and performance can be improved by adding heat sinks or otherwise cooling the board. The driver’s printed circuit board is designed to draw heat out of the MOSFETs, but performance can be improved by adding a heat sink. With a proper heat sink, the motor driver can deliver up to 35 A of continuous current. For more information on power dissipation see the data sheet for the MOSFETs on the Resources tab.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBecause there is no internal temperature limiting on the motor driver, the entire system should be designed to keep the load current below the 25 A limit. An easy way to achieve this is to select a motor with a stall current below that limit. However, because a good motor can have stall currents dozens of times higher than the typical operating current, motors with stall currents that are hundreds of amps can be used with this driver as long as the running current is kept low. For example, a motor with a 100 A stall current might run well at 10 A, leaving a safe margin for the current to double for several minutes at a time or to triple for several seconds. If the motor does stall completely for a prolonged period, however, the motor or driver are likely to burn out.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning:\u003c\/strong\u003e This motor driver has no over-current or over-temperature shut-off. Either condition can cause \u003cstrong\u003epermanent damage\u003c\/strong\u003e to the motor driver. You might consider using an external current sensor, such as our \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/ACS714-Current-Sensor--30A-30A\"\u003eACS714 ±30A bidirectional current sensor carrier\u003c\/a\u003e to monitor your current draw.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFault Conditions\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe motor driver can detect three different fault states, which are reported on the FF1 and FF2 pins. The detectable faults are short circuits on the output, under-voltage, and over-temperature. A short-circuit fault is latched, meaning the outputs will stay off and the fault flag will stay high, until the board is reset (RESET brought low). The under-voltage fault disables outputs but is not latched. The over-temperature fault provides a weak indication of the board being too hot, but it does not directly indicate the temperature of the MOSFETs, which are usually the first components to overheat. The fault flag operation is summarized below.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFlag StateFault DescriptionDisable OutputsLatched Until Reset\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFF1FF2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLLNo faultNoNo\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLHShort CircuitYesYes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHLOver TemperatureNoNo\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHHUnder VoltageYesNo\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh-Power Motor Driver Versions\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are currently nine versions of the high-power motor driver. The three CS versions have the same pinout, and the six non-CS versions have the same pinout. The following table provides a comparison of the high-power motor drivers:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePololu high-power motor drivers\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNameMax nominal battery voltage (V)Max continuous current (A) w\/o heat sink\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh-power motor driver 18v25 CS1825\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-High-Power-Motor-Driver-18v25\"\u003eHigh-power motor driver 18v25\u003c\/a\u003e1825\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Motor-Driver-15A-IRF7862PBFD\"\u003eHigh-power motor driver 18v15\u003c\/a\u003e1815\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-High-Power-Motor-Driver-24v23-CS\"\u003eHigh-power motor driver 24v23 CS\u003c\/a\u003e2823\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh-power motor driver 24v202820\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh-power motor driver 24v122812\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-High-Power-Motor-Driver-36v20-CS\"\u003eHigh-power motor driver 36v20 CS\u003c\/a\u003e3620\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh-power motor driver 36v153615\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh-power motor driver 36v9369\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e Please consider our \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/index.php?route=product\/search\u0026amp;search=Simple%20Motor%20Controller\"\u003eSimple Motor Controllers\u003c\/a\u003e as alternatives to these motor drivers. They have very similar power characteristics and offer high-level interfaces (e.g. USB, RC hobby servo pulses, analog voltages, and TTL serial commands) that make them much easier to use for many applications.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394079572251,"sku":"Pololu-758","price":4999.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/758-main3Yl2RCLqU0gfm.jpg?v=1701865149"},{"product_id":"pololu-1227","title":"Orangutan SV-328 Robot Controller","description":"\u003cp\u003eWant to build a small robot that doesn’t look like a PCB on wheels? The Orangutan is small enough for integrating into a small robot, rather than being the small robot. With Atmel’s powerful ATmega328P AVR microcontroller, motor drivers, buttons, display, and buzzer, all you need to add is your own chassis, sensors, software… you know, the fun stuff!\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOverview:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Orangutan SV-328 robot controller is a complete control solution for small robots running at 6 – 13.5 V. The small (2.15\" x 1.9\") module includes a powerful Atmel ATmega328P AVR microcontroller, two bidirectional motor ports each capable of providing 1 A (continuous), a removable 8-character x 2-line liquid crystal display, a buzzer, three user pushbutton switches, and two user LEDs.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEight general-purpose I\/O lines with up to eight analog input channels allow for adding sensors or expanding the system. These lines are brought out to 0.1\" female headers as shown in the picture below; from left to right, the bottom row of pins are: PC5, PC4, PC3, PC2, PC1, PC0, PD1 and PD0. The Orangutan SV-328 features a 5V switching regulator capable of delivering up to 3 A, allowing the Orangutan to power RC servos directly from its regulated 5V power bus. This power bus can be accessed through the power and ground pins dedicated to each user I\/O line.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 500px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J1282\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J1282.500.jpg?14448344817a0fb636474f414ba9cf3d\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/images\/zoom.png?4d3c7fe586a56a6f32a1c798dc152ced\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eOrangutan SV-328 top view with components labeled.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Orangutan SV-328 is based on Atmel’s mega328 AVR microcontroller, which runs at 20 MHz and features 32 Kbytes of flash program memory, 2 Kbytes of SRAM, and 1024 bytes of EEPROM. Because the user has direct access to the microcontroller, any development software for Atmel’s AVR microcontrollers, including Atmel’s free Atmel Studio and the WinAVRGCC C\/C++ compiler, is compatible with the Orangutan SV-328. An in-circuit programmer, such as our \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-USB-AVR-Programmer\"\u003eUSB AVR programmer\u003c\/a\u003e, is required for programming the Orangutan SV-328; we offer a combination deal that lets you save when you buy a programmer with your Orangutan. We provide an extensive set of software libraries that make it easy to interface with all of the integrated hardware. These libraries come with a number of sample programs that demonstrate how to use the various components on the Orangutan SV-328. This robot controller is alsocompatible with the popular Arduino development platform.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J1279\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J1279.250.jpg?54ca735b32d00bf8117e4336eba7f886\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/images\/zoom.png?4d3c7fe586a56a6f32a1c798dc152ced\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eImprovements over the Original Orangutan\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Orangutan SV-328 has introduced a number of substantial improvements over the original \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Orangutan\"\u003eOrangutan\u003c\/a\u003e, the most significant of which is the enhanced power system that allows an expanded operating range of 6 – 13.5 V (meaning you can power the Orangutan SV-328 from a 12 V battery), delivers higher motor current, and has much more available current on the 5 V line. The following list details the major changes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTB6612FNG motor driver delivers higher current with higher-frequency PWM and decreased power consumption.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHardware PWM outputs now connect to all motor driver inputs, removing the need for processor-intensive software PWM.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput voltage can now be as high as 13.5 V.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe integrated 5 V regulator can supply up to 3 A, allowing this version to power servos and other high-power peripherals for which the battery voltage would be too high.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe MCU has been upgraded to an ATmega328 running at 20 MHz, and the pin connections have changed to match that of the Orangutan LV-168, the \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Baby-Orangutan-B-328-Robot-Controller\"\u003eBaby Orangutan B\u003c\/a\u003e, and the\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-3pi-Robot\"\u003e3pi robot\u003c\/a\u003e, so the same code will generally work on all four devices. The form factor of the Orangutan SV-328 is identical to that of the Orangutan LV-168.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReverse battery protection is now achieved using a MOSFET instead of a diode, so the input voltage no longer experiences a diode drop.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe main power switch now turns off power to the entire board.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J1281\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J1281.250.jpg?8354488f21fc73df8e09782a262e7d88\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/images\/zoom.png?4d3c7fe586a56a6f32a1c798dc152ced\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eMain Features\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eoverall unit dimensions: 2.15\" x 1.9\"\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003einput voltage: 6-13.5 V\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e2 bidirectional motor ports (1 A continuous per channel, 3 A maximum per channel)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eprogrammable 20 MHz Atmel ATmega328P AVR microcontroller (32 KB flash, 2 kB SRAM, 1024 bytes EEPROM)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e8 general-purpose I\/O lines, 6 of which can be used as analog input channels\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e2 additional analog input channels (ADC6 \u0026amp; ADC7) can be accessed on the board\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eremovable 8-character x 2-line LCD\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e5V regulator capable of supplying up to 3 A\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ebuzzer tied to one of the mega328’s hardware PWMs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3 user pushbutton switches\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e2 user LEDs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ebattery voltage self-monitoring optionally connected to ADC6\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003euser potentiometer optionally jumpered to ADC7\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecomprehensive \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J27\"\u003euser’s guide\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e This product could ship with either a silver-bezel LCD or a \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Basic-8x2-Character\"\u003eblack-bezel LCD\u003c\/a\u003e. Pictures of the two possible types are shown below.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J1279\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J1279.250.jpg?54ca735b32d00bf8117e4336eba7f886\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/images\/zoom.png?4d3c7fe586a56a6f32a1c798dc152ced\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2324\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2324.250.jpg?30cae9cac17792f42a97d12c9b701d25\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394079670555,"sku":"Pololu-1227","price":6429.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/1227-maingwCot4rcf9CJy.jpg?v=1701865153"},{"product_id":"pololu-950","title":"Pololu Ball Caster with 3\/8\" Plastic Ball","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis ball caster kit includes a black ABS housing, a 1\/2\" diameter plastic ball, two spacers (1\/16\" and 1\/8\" thick), and two #2 screw sets. The total height of the ball caster, 0.53\", can be increased to about 0.7\" using the included spacers. The two included #2 screws can be used to mount the ball caster to your chassis (the distance between the screw holes is 0.58\").\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote that our ball casters are designed for small robots; they are not intended to bear more than a few pounds. With more weight than this, friction between the ball and the housing will probably keep it from rolling well.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J472.300.jpg?e63f0996e0a9500caf06bb10bd580405\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J473.300.jpg?ec8353391fa69d99be3eaa3471019019\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eComparison of Pololu ball casters\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.4354in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePololu ball caster \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eball diameter\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.002in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eheight with \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eno spacers\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.0361in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003edistance\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ebetween\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003escrew holes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.9569in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eweight with\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eno spacers\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eor screws\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.4354in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Ball-Caster-3by8?search=cast\"\u003e3\/8\" plastic-ball\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.002in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.40\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.0361in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.53\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.9569in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.03 oz\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.4354in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3\/8\" metal-ball\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.002in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.40\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.0361in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.53\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.9569in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.14 oz\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.4354in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-Ball-Caster-with-1-2-Plastic-Ball\"\u003e1\/2\" plastic-ball\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.002in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.53\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.0361in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.58\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.9569in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.07 oz\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.4354in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-Ball-Caster-with-Metal-Ball\"\u003e1\/2\" metal-ball\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.002in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.53\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.0361in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.58\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.9569in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.32 oz\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.4354in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3\/4\" plastic-ball\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.002in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.91\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.0361in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.24\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.9569in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.25 oz\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.4354in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3\/4\" metal-ball\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.002in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.83\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.0361in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.61\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.9569in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1.05 oz\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.4354in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1\" plastic-ball\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.002in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1.10\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.0361in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.70\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.9569in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.36 oz\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394079899931,"sku":"Pololu #950","price":349.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/950-1KrW2jlnwzR5Cv.jpg?v=1701865160"},{"product_id":"pololu-1482","title":"Carbon Monoxide Gas Sensor MQ-7","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis semiconductor gas sensor detects the presence of Carbon Monoxide at concentrations from 10 to 10,000 ppm. The sensor’s simple analog voltage interface requires only one analog input pin from your microcontroller.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOverview\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis Carbon Monoxide (CO) gas sensor detects the concentrations of CO in the air and ouputs its reading as an analog voltage. The sensor can measure concentrations of 10 to 10,000 ppm.The sensor can operate at temperatures from -10 to 50°C and consumes less than 150 mA at 5 V. Please read the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/MQ7.pdf?file_id=0J313\"\u003eMQ7 datasheet\u003c\/a\u003e (185k pdf) for more information about the sensor.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 250px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2089\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2089.250.jpg?c58c730a6f9f184121ba2dd8b389895c\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/images\/zoom.png?4d3c7fe586a56a6f32a1c798dc152ced\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003eGas sensor with orange plastic case bottom view.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eConnections\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConnecting five volts across the heating (H) pins keeps the sensor hot enough to function correctly. Connecting five volts at either the A or B pins causes the sensor to emit an analog voltage on the other pins. A resistive load between the output pins and ground sets the sensitivity of the detector. The resistive load should be calibrated for your particular application using the equations in the datasheet, but a good starting value for the resistor is 10 kΩ.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe offer two breakout boards that make it easier to interface with these sensors: a \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-MQ-Gas-Sensor-Carrier\"\u003ePololu carrier board\u003c\/a\u003e and a \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Gas-Sensor-Breakout-Board\"\u003eSparkFun carrier board\u003c\/a\u003e. The Pololu version is shown below.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 400px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2254\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2254.400.jpg?d1ccb6b26d282301cadf0c8304547eac\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/images\/zoom.png?4d3c7fe586a56a6f32a1c798dc152ced\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003ePololu MQ gas sensor carrier with sensitivity-setting resistor soldered in the vertical orientation.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394079932699,"sku":"Pololu-1482","price":689.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/1482-1ay4NJl4hij7au.jpg?v=1701865169"},{"product_id":"pololu-1483","title":"Carbon Monoxide \u0026 Flammable Gas Sensor MQ-9","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis semiconductor gas sensor detects the presence of Carbon Monoxide at concentrations from 10 to 1,000 ppm and combustible gas from 100 to 10,000 ppm. The sensor’s simple analog voltage interface requires only one analog input pin from your microcontroller\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis Carbon Monoxide (CO) and flammable gas sensor detects the concentrations of CO and combustible gas in the air and ouputs its reading as an analog voltage. The sensor can measure concentrations of CO from 10 to 1,000 ppm and flammable gas from 100 to 10,000 ppm.The sensor can operate at temperatures from -10 to 50°C and consumes less than 150 mA at 5 V. Please read the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/MQ9.pdf?file_id=0J314\"\u003eMQ9 datasheet\u003c\/a\u003e (180k pdf) for more information about the sensor.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 250px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2089\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2089.250.jpg?c58c730a6f9f184121ba2dd8b389895c\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/images\/zoom.png?4d3c7fe586a56a6f32a1c798dc152ced\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003eGas sensor with orange plastic case bottom view.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eConnections\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConnecting five volts across the heating (H) pins keeps the sensor hot enough to function correctly. Connecting five volts at either the A or B pins causes the sensor to emit an analog voltage on the other pins. A resistive load between the output pins and ground sets the sensitivity of the detector. Please note that the picture in the datasheet for the top configuration is wrong. Both configurations have the same pinout consistent with the bottom configuration.The resistive load should be calibrated for your particular application using the equations in the datasheet, but a good starting value for the resistor is 20 kΩ.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe offer two breakout boards that make it easier to interface with these sensors: a \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-MQ-Gas-Sensor-Carrier\"\u003ePololu carrier board\u003c\/a\u003e and a \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Gas-Sensor-Breakout-Board\"\u003eSparkFun carrier board\u003c\/a\u003e. The Pololu version is shown below.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 400px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2254\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2254.400.jpg?d1ccb6b26d282301cadf0c8304547eac\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/images\/zoom.png?4d3c7fe586a56a6f32a1c798dc152ced\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003ePololu MQ gas sensor carrier with sensitivity-setting resistor soldered in the vertical orientation.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394080031003,"sku":"Pololu-1483","price":589.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/1483-18f3t3FF20lfwW.jpg?v=1701865179"},{"product_id":"pololu-1481","title":"LPG \/ Isobutane \/ Propane Gas Sensor MQ-6","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis semiconductor gas sensor detects the presence of LPG, isobutane, and propane at concentrations from 300 to 10,000 ppm. The sensor’s simple analog voltage interface requires only one analog input pin from your microcontroller.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOverview\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis propane gas sensor detects the concentrations of LPG, isobutane, and propane in the air and ouputs its reading as an analog voltage. The sensor can measure concentrations of 300 to 10,000 ppm.The sensor can operate at temperatures from -10 to 50°C and consumes less than 150 mA at 5 V. Please read the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/MQ6.pdf?file_id=0J312\"\u003eMQ6 datasheet\u003c\/a\u003e (178k pdf) for more information about the sensor.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGas sensor with metal case bottom view.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConnections\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConnecting five volts across the heating (H) pins keeps the sensor hot enough to function correctly. Connecting five volts at either the A or B pins causes the sensor to emit an analog voltage on the other pins. A resistive load between the output pins and ground sets the sensitivity of the detector. Please note that the picture in the datasheet for the top configuration is wrong. Both configurations have the same pinout consistent with the bottom configuration.The resistive load should be calibrated for your particular application using the equations in the datasheet, but a good starting value for the resistor is 20 kΩ.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe offer two breakout boards that make it easier to interface with these sensors: a \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-MQ-Gas-Sensor-Carrier\"\u003ePololu carrier board\u003c\/a\u003e and a \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Gas-Sensor-Breakout-Board\"\u003eSparkFun carrier board\u003c\/a\u003e. The Pololu version is shown below.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePololu MQ gas sensor carrier with sensitivity-setting resistor soldered in the vertical orientation.\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394080391451,"sku":"Pololu-1481","price":489.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/1481-mainL52Knjca5ZbQb.jpg?v=1701865183"},{"product_id":"pololu-1457","title":"Pololu High-Power Motor Driver 36v20 CS","description":"\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Pololu high-power motor driver is a discrete MOSFET H-bridge designed to drive large DC brushed motors. The H-bridge is made up of one N-channel MOSFET per leg, and most of the board’s performance is determined by these MOSFETs (the rest of the board contains the circuitry to take user inputs and control the MOSFETs). The MOSFET datasheet is available under the “Resources” tab. The MOSFETs have an absolute maximum voltage rating of 40 V; higher voltages can permanently destroy the motor driver. Under normal operating conditions, ripple voltage on the supply line can raise the maximum voltage to more than the average or intended voltage, so a safe maximum voltage is approximately 34 V.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e Charged battery voltages can be much higher than nominal voltages, so the maximum nominal battery voltage we recommend is 28 V unless appropriate measures are taken to limit the peak voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe versatility of this driver makes it suitable for a large range of currents and voltages: it can deliver up to 23 A of continuous current with a board size of only 1.8\" by 1.2\" and no required heat sink. With the addition of a heat sink, it can drive a motor with up to about 37 A of continuous current. The module offers a simple interface that requires as few as two I\/O lines while allowing for both sign-magnitude and locked-antiphase operation, and an optional third control input unique to this board allows for coasting. This board also features a \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/ACS714-Current-Sensor--30A-30A\"\u003ecurrent-sensing circuit\u003c\/a\u003e that measures bidirectional motor current with a magnitude up to 30 A and outputs an analog voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIntegrated detection of various short-circuit conditions protects against common causes of catastrophic failure; however, please note that the board does not include reverse power protection or any over-current or over-temperature protection. We recommend you use the integrated current sensor to keep the driver from delivering more current than it can safely handle.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUsing the Motor Driver\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConnections\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe motor and motor power connections are on one side of the board, and the control connections (5V logic) are on the other side. The motor supply should be capable of delivering the high current the motor will require, and a large capacitor should be installed between V+ and ground close to the motor driver to decrease electrical noise. Two axial capacitors are included and one or both can be installed by soldering them into the V+ and GND pins (labeled '+' and '-' on the bottom silkscreen) along the long edges of the board. Such installations are compact but might limit heat sinking options; also, depending on the power supply quality and motor characteristics, a larger capacitor might be required. There are two options for connecting to the high-power signals (V+, OUTA, OUTB, GND): large holes on 0.2\" centers, which are compatible with the included terminal blocks, and pairs of 0.1\"-spaced holes that can be used with perfboards, breadboards, and 0.1\" connectors.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning:\u003c\/strong\u003e Take proper safety precautions when using high-power electronics. Make sure you know what you are doing when using high voltages or currents! During normal operation, this product can get \u003cstrong\u003ehot\u003c\/strong\u003e enough to burn you. Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe logic connections are designed to interface with 5V systems (5.5 V max); the minimum high input signal threshold is 3.5 V, so we do not recommend connecting this device directly to a 3.3 V controller. In a typical configuration, only PWMH and DIR are required, but PWML can be used to enable coasting if both PWML and PWMH are driven low. PWML is pulled high and PWMH is pulled low internally. The two fault flag pins (FF1 and FF2) can be monitored to detect problems (see the Fault Flag Table below for more details). The RESET pin is pulled up to V+ through a 20 k? resistor. When held low, it puts the driver into a low-power sleep mode and clears any latched fault flags. The V+ pin on the logic side of the board gives you access to monitor the motor’s power supply or pass it on to low-current devices (\u003cins\u003eit should not be used for high current\u003c\/ins\u003e). The board also provides a regulated 5V pin which can provide a few milliamps (this is typically insufficient for a whole control circuit but can be useful as a reference or for very low-power microcontrollers). This pin can be shorted to VCS to power the current sensor, or VCS can be supplied with 5 V externally. If the 5V output pin is used to power VCS, it should not be used for any other purpose as the current sensor will draw close to the limit of the current the 5V pin can supply. When the current sensor is powered by applying 5 V to VCS, the CS pin outputs 66 mV\/A for currents between -30 and 30 A centered at 2.5 V (typical error is less than 1.5%).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2224.400.jpg?f46ade514bf6c35c2a58ecc6b31b0419\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2224\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"height: 20px; width: 20px;\" src=\"file:\/\/\/C:\\Users\\Samreen\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\msohtmlclip1\\01\\clip_image002.png\" alt=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-74912f8b0d07e3addf4b2661a67de90a.png\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePinout\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePIN\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDefault State\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDescription\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eV+\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is the main 5.5 – 40 V (absolute max) motor power supply connection, which should typically be made to the larger V+ pad. The smaller V+ pads along the long side of the board are intended for power supply capacitors, and the smaller V+ pad on the logic side of the board gives you access to monitor the motor’s power supply (it should not be used for high current).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5V (out)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis regulated 5V \u003cstrong\u003eoutput\u003c\/strong\u003e provides a few milliamps. It can be shorted to VCS to power the current sensor. This output should not be connected to other external power supply lines. \u003cstrong\u003eBe careful not to accidentally short this pin to the neighboring V+ pin while power is being supplied\u003c\/strong\u003e as doing so will instantly destroy the board!\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVCS\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConnect 5 V to this pin to power the current sensor.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGND\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGround connection for logic and motor power supplies.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCS\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eACS714 current sensor output (66 mV\/A centered at 2.5 V).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOUTA\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA motor output pin.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOUTB\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eB motor output pin.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePWMH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLOW\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePulse width modulation input: a PWM signal on this pin corresponds to a PWM output on the motor outputs.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePWML\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHIGH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eControl input that enables coasting when both PWML and PWMH are low. See the “motor control options” section below for more information.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDIR\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLOW\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDirection input: when DIR is high current will flow from OUTA to OUTB, when it is low current will flow from OUTB to OUTA.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRESET\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHIGH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe RESET pin is pulled up to V+ through a 20 k? resistor. When held low, it puts the driver into a low-power sleep mode and clears any latched fault flags.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFF1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLOW\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFault flag 1 indicator: FF1 goes high when certain faults have occurred. See table below for details.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFF2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLOW\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFault flag 2 indicator: FF2 goes high when certain faults have occurred. See table below for details.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIncluded Hardware\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA 20-pin \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pin-Headers-Straight\"\u003estraight breakaway male header\u003c\/a\u003e, two 100 uF capacitors, and two 2-pin 5mm terminal blocks are included with each motor driver. (Note: The terminals blocks are only rated for 15 A; for higher power applications, use thick wires soldered directly to the board.) Connecting large capacitors across the power supply is recommended; one way to do it is between the '+' and '-' holes, as shown below. The four mounting holes are intended to be used with #2 screws (not included).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"center\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2214.271.jpg?d10b4ed9f8cdb6432050111905b74378\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2214\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"height: 20px; width: 20px;\" src=\"file:\/\/\/C:\\Users\\Samreen\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\msohtmlclip1\\01\\clip_image002.png\" alt=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-74912f8b0d07e3addf4b2661a67de90a.png\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePololu high-power motor driver CS with included hardware.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2215.300.jpg?695a052ba9ea6d19ac6aa7a1e469b704\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2215\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"height: 20px; width: 20px;\" src=\"file:\/\/\/C:\\Users\\Samreen\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\msohtmlclip1\\01\\clip_image002.png\" alt=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-74912f8b0d07e3addf4b2661a67de90a.png\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePololu high-power motor driver CS in a breadboard.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMotor Control Options\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe motor driver can be used in several different modes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSign-magnitude (drive-brake):\u003c\/strong\u003e With PWML disconnected or held high, apply a pulse-width-modulated (PWM) signal to the PWMH pin. The duty cycle of the PWM controls the speed of the motor and the DIR pin controls the direction. During the active (high) portion of the PWM, the motor outputs drive the motor by putting the full V+ voltage across the motor in the direction determined by the DIR pin; during the low portion of the PWM, the motor outputs brake the motor by shorting both motor terminals to ground. This means that the motor alternates between drive and brake at the PWM frequency with the percentage of the driving time determined by the duty cycle.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSign-magnitude (drive-coast):\u003c\/strong\u003e Connect the same PWM signal to both the PWMH and PWML pins. The duty cycle of the PWM controls the speed of the motor and the DIR pin controls the direction. During the active (high) portion of the PWM, the motor outputs drive the motor by putting the full V+ voltage across the motor in the direction determined by the DIR pin; during the low portion of the PWM, the motor outputs are disconnected and the motor is allowed to coast. This means that the motor alternates between drive and coast at the PWM frequency with the percentage of the driving time determined by the duty cycle. Drive-coast operation can draw less power than drive-brake operation, but drive-brake operation can produce a more linear relationship between duty cycle and motor speed.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eVariable braking (brake-coast):\u003c\/strong\u003e With PWMH disconnected or held low, apply a PWM signal to the PWML pin (the state of the DIR pin has no effect on this mode). During the active (high) portion of the PWM, the motor outputs brake the motor by shorting both motor terminals to ground; during the low portion of the PWM, the motor outputs are disconnected and the motor is allowed to coast. This means that the motor alternates between brake and coast at the PWM frequency with the percentage of the braking time determined by the duty cycle.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLocked-antiphase:\u003c\/strong\u003e With PWML disconnected or held high and PWMH held high, apply a PWM signal to the DIR pin. In locked-antiphase operation, a low duty cycle drives the motor in one direction and a high duty cycle drives the motor in the other direction; a 50% duty cycle turns the motor off. A successful locked-antiphase implementation relies on the motor inductance and PWM switching frequency to smooth out the current (e.g. making the current zero in the 50% duty cycle case), so a high PWM frequency might be required.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"6\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMotor Driver Truth Table\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e PWMH \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e PWML \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e DIR \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e OUTA \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e OUTB \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e Operation \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGND\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eV+\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eForward\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eV+\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGND\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBackward\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eX\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGND\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGND\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBrake Low\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eX\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eV+\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eV+\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBrake High\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eX\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eZ\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eZ\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCoast\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eX = don’t care (same for input H or L); Z = high impedance (outputs disconnected)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePWM Frequency\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe motor driver supports PWM frequencies as high as 40 kHz, though higher frequencies result in higher switching losses in the motor driver. Also, the driver has a dead time (when the outputs are not driven) of approximately 3 us per cycle, so high duty cycles become unavailable at high frequencies. For example, at 40 kHz, the period is 25 us; if 3 us of that is taken up by the dead time, the maximum available duty cycle is 22\/25, or 88%. (100% is always available, so gradually ramping the PWM input from 0 to 100% will result in the output ramping from 0 to 88%, staying at 88% for inputs of 88% through 99%, and then switching to 100%.)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReal-World Power Dissipation Considerations\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe motor driver can tolerate peak currents in excess of 200 A. The peak current ratings are for quick transients (e.g. when a motor is first turned on), and the continuous rating of 23 A is dependent on various conditions, such as the ambient temperature. The main limitation comes from heating and power dissipation; therefore, at high currents, the motor driver will be extremely hot, and performance can be improved by adding heat sinks or otherwise cooling the board. The driver’s printed circuit board is designed to draw heat out of the MOSFETs, but performance can be improved by adding a heat sink. The MOSFETs have a theoretical maximum continuous current of 90A at 25°C, but dissipating enough heat to keep the MOSFET at this temperature is impractical for most applications; close to 40 A of continuous current should be achievable without too extravagant of a heat sink. For more information on power dissipation see the data sheet for the MOSFETs on the Resources tab.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBecause there is no internal temperature limiting on the motor driver, the entire system should be designed to keep the load current below the 23 A limit. An easy way to achieve this is to select a motor with a stall current below that limit. However, because a good motor can have stall currents dozens of times higher than the typical operating current, motors with stall currents that are hundreds of amps can be used with this driver as long as the running current is kept low. For example, a motor with a 100 A stall current might run well at 10 A, leaving a safe margin for the current to double for several minutes at a time or to triple for several seconds. If the motor does stall completely for a prolonged period, however, the motor or driver are likely to burn out.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning:\u003c\/strong\u003e This motor driver has no over-current or over-temperature shut-off. Either condition can cause \u003cstrong\u003epermanent damage\u003c\/strong\u003eto the motor driver. We recommend you use the current-sense output CS to monitor your current draw if your application will put the driver close to its limits of operation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFault Conditions\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe motor driver can detect three different fault states, which are reported on the FF1 and FF2 pins. The detectable faults are short circuits on the output, under-voltage, and over-temperature. A short-circuit fault is latched, meaning the outputs will stay off and the fault flag will stay high, until the board is reset (RESET brought low). The under-voltage fault disables outputs but is not latched. The over-temperature fault provides a weak indication of the board being too hot, but it does not directly indicate the temperature of the MOSFETs, which are usually the first components to overheat. The fault flag operation is summarized below.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFlag State\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFault Description\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDisable Outputs\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLatched Until Reset\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e FF1\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e FF2\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo fault\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShort Circuit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOver Temperature\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnder Voltage\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHigh-Power Motor Driver Versions\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are currently nine versions of the high-power motor driver. The three CS versions have the same pinout, and the six non-CS versions have the same pinout. The following table provides a comparison of the high-power motor drivers:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePololu high-power motor drivers\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e Name\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e Max nominal battery voltage (V) \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e Max continuous current (A) w\/o heat sink \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh-power motor driver 18v25 CS\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e18\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-High-Power-Motor-Driver-18v25\"\u003eHigh-power motor driver 18v25\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e18\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Motor-Driver-15A-IRF7862PBFD\"\u003eHigh-power motor driver 18v15\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e18\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e15\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-High-Power-Motor-Driver-24v23-CS\"\u003eHigh-power motor driver 24v23 CS\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e28\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e23\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh-power motor driver 24v20\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e28\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e20\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh-power motor driver 24v12\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e28\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e12\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-High-Power-Motor-Driver-36v20-CS\"\u003eHigh-power motor driver 36v20 CS\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e36\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e20\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh-power motor driver 36v15\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e36\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e15\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh-power motor driver 36v9\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e36\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394080456987,"sku":"Pololu-1457","price":8409.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/1457-mainVJt5wJZuClVry.jpg?v=1701865186"},{"product_id":"pololu-1456","title":"Pololu High-Power Motor Driver 24v23 CS","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThis product has been replaced by newer version of \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/pololu-g2-high-power-motor-driver-24v21\"\u003ePololu #2995\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOverview\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Pololu high-power motor driver is a discrete MOSFET H-bridge designed to drive large DC brushed motors. The H-bridge is made up of one N-channel MOSFET per leg, and most of the board’s performance is determined by these MOSFETs (the rest of the board contains the circuitry to take user inputs and control the MOSFETs). The MOSFET datasheet is available under the “Resources” tab. The MOSFETs have an absolute maximum voltage rating of 40 V; higher voltages can permanently destroy the motor driver. Under normal operating conditions, ripple voltage on the supply line can raise the maximum voltage to more than the average or intended voltage, so a safe maximum voltage is approximately 34 V.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe versatility of this driver makes it suitable for a large range of currents and voltages: it can deliver up to 23 A of continuous current with a board size of only 1.8\" by 1.2\" and no required heat sink. With the addition of a heat sink, it can drive a motor with up to about 37 A of continuous current. The module offers a simple interface that requires as few as two I\/O lines while allowing for both sign-magnitude and locked-antiphase operation, and an optional third control input unique to this board allows for coasting. This board also features a \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/ACS714-Current-Sensor--30A-30A\"\u003ecurrent-sensing circuit\u003c\/a\u003e that measures bidirectional motor current with a magnitude up to 30 A and outputs an analog voltage.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCharged battery voltages can be much higher than nominal voltages, so the maximum nominal battery voltage we recommend is 28 V unless appropriate measures are taken to limit the peak voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIntegrated detection of various short-circuit conditions protects against common causes of catastrophic failure; however, please note that the board does not include reverse power protection or any over-current or over-temperature protection. We recommend you use the integrated current sensor to keep the driver from delivering more current than it can safely handle.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUsing the Motor Driver\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConnections\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe motor and motor power connections are on one side of the board, and the control connections (5V logic) are on the other side. The motor supply should be capable of delivering the high current the motor will require, and a large capacitor should be installed between V+ and ground close to the motor driver to decrease electrical noise. Two axial capacitors are included and one or both can be installed by soldering them into the V+ and GND pins (labeled '+' and '-' on the bottom silkscreen) along the long edges of the board. Such installations are compact but might limit heat sinking options; also, depending on the power supply quality and motor characteristics, a larger capacitor might be required. There are two options for connecting to the high-power signals (V+, OUTA, OUTB, GND): large holes on 0.2\" centers, which are compatible with the included terminal blocks, and pairs of 0.1\"-spaced holes that can be used with perfboards, breadboards, and 0.1\" connectors.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning:\u003c\/strong\u003e Take proper safety precautions when using high-power electronics. Make sure you know what you are doing when using high voltages or currents! During normal operation, this product can get \u003cstrong\u003ehot\u003c\/strong\u003e enough to burn you. Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe logic connections are designed to interface with 5V systems (5.5 V max); the minimum high input signal threshold is 3.5 V, so we do not recommend connecting this device directly to a 3.3 V controller. In a typical configuration, only PWMH and DIR are required, but PWML can be used to enable coasting if both PWML and PWMH are driven low. PWML is pulled high and PWMH is pulled low internally. The two fault flag pins (FF1 and FF2) can be monitored to detect problems (see the Fault Flag Table below for more details). The RESET pin is pulled up to V+ through a 20 k? resistor. When held low, it puts the driver into a low-power sleep mode and clears any latched fault flags. The V+ pin on the logic side of the board gives you access to monitor the motor’s power supply or pass it on to low-current devices (\u003cins\u003eit should not be used for high current\u003c\/ins\u003e). The board also provides a regulated 5V pin which can provide a few milliamps (this is typically insufficient for a whole control circuit but can be useful as a reference or for very low-power microcontrollers). This pin can be shorted to VCS to power the current sensor, or VCS can be supplied with 5 V externally. If the 5V output pin is used to power VCS, it should not be used for any other purpose as the current sensor will draw close to the limit of the current the 5V pin can supply. When the current sensor is powered by applying 5 V to VCS, the CS pin outputs 66 mV\/A for currents between -30 and 30 A centered at 2.5 V (typical error is less than 1.5%).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 400px;\" border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 392px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2224.400.jpg?f46ade514bf6c35c2a58ecc6b31b0419\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePinout\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePIN\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDefault State\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDescription\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eV+\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is the main 5.5 – 40 V (absolute max) motor power supply connection, which should typically be made to the larger V+ pad. The smaller V+ pads along the long side of the board are intended for power supply capacitors, and the smaller V+ pad on the logic side of the board gives you access to monitor the motor’s power supply (it should not be used for high current).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5V (out)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis regulated 5V \u003cstrong\u003eoutput\u003c\/strong\u003e provides a few milliamps. It can be shorted to VCS to power the current sensor. This output should not be connected to other external power supply lines. \u003cstrong\u003eBe careful not to accidentally short this pin to the neighboring V+ pin while power is being supplied\u003c\/strong\u003e as doing so will instantly destroy the board!\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVCS\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConnect 5 V to this pin to power the current sensor.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGND\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGround connection for logic and motor power supplies.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCS\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eACS714 current sensor output (66 mV\/A centered at 2.5 V).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOUTA\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA motor output pin.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOUTB\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eB motor output pin.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePWMH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLOW\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePulse width modulation input: a PWM signal on this pin corresponds to a PWM output on the motor outputs.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePWML\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHIGH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eControl input that enables coasting when both PWML and PWMH are low. See the “motor control options” section below for more information.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDIR\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLOW\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDirection input: when DIR is high current will flow from OUTA to OUTB, when it is low current will flow from OUTB to OUTA.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRESET\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHIGH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe RESET pin is pulled up to V+ through a 20 k? resistor. When held low, it puts the driver into a low-power sleep mode and clears any latched fault flags.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFF1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLOW\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFault flag 1 indicator: FF1 goes high when certain faults have occurred. See table below for details.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFF2\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLOW\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFault flag 2 indicator: FF2 goes high when certain faults have occurred. See table below for details.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIncluded Hardware\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA 20-pin \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pin-Headers-Straight\"\u003estraight breakaway male header\u003c\/a\u003e, two 100 uF capacitors, and two 2-pin 5mm terminal blocks are included with each motor driver. (Note: The terminals blocks are only rated for 15 A; for higher power applications, use thick wires soldered directly to the board.) Connecting large capacitors across the power supply is recommended; one way to do it is between the '+' and '-' holes, as shown below. The four mounting holes are intended to be used with #2 screws (not included).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"center\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 300px;\" border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 292px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2214.271.jpg?d10b4ed9f8cdb6432050111905b74378\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 292px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePololu high-power motor driver CS with included hardware.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 270px;\" border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 262px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2215.300.jpg?695a052ba9ea6d19ac6aa7a1e469b704\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 262px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePololu high-power motor driver CS in a breadboard.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMotor Control Options\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe motor driver can be used in several different modes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSign-magnitude (drive-brake):\u003c\/strong\u003e With PWML disconnected or held high, apply a pulse-width-modulated (PWM) signal to the PWMH pin. The duty cycle of the PWM controls the speed of the motor and the DIR pin controls the direction. During the active (high) portion of the PWM, the motor outputs drive the motor by putting the full V+ voltage across the motor in the direction determined by the DIR pin; during the low portion of the PWM, the motor outputs brake the motor by shorting both motor terminals to ground. This means that the motor alternates between drive and brake at the PWM frequency with the percentage of the driving time determined by the duty cycle.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSign-magnitude (drive-coast):\u003c\/strong\u003e Connect the same PWM signal to both the PWMH and PWML pins. The duty cycle of the PWM controls the speed of the motor and the DIR pin controls the direction. During the active (high) portion of the PWM, the motor outputs drive the motor by putting the full V+ voltage across the motor in the direction determined by the DIR pin; during the low portion of the PWM, the motor outputs are disconnected and the motor is allowed to coast. This means that the motor alternates between drive and coast at the PWM frequency with the percentage of the driving time determined by the duty cycle. Drive-coast operation can draw less power than drive-brake operation, but drive-brake operation can produce a more linear relationship between duty cycle and motor speed.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eVariable braking (brake-coast):\u003c\/strong\u003e With PWMH disconnected or held low, apply a PWM signal to the PWML pin (the state of the DIR pin has no effect on this mode). During the active (high) portion of the PWM, the motor outputs brake the motor by shorting both motor terminals to ground; during the low portion of the PWM, the motor outputs are disconnected and the motor is allowed to coast. This means that the motor alternates between brake and coast at the PWM frequency with the percentage of the braking time determined by the duty cycle.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLocked-antiphase:\u003c\/strong\u003e With PWML disconnected or held high and PWMH held high, apply a PWM signal to the DIR pin. In locked-antiphase operation, a low duty cycle drives the motor in one direction and a high duty cycle drives the motor in the other direction; a 50% duty cycle turns the motor off. A successful locked-antiphase implementation relies on the motor inductance and PWM switching frequency to smooth out the current (e.g. making the current zero in the 50% duty cycle case), so a high PWM frequency might be required.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"6\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMotor Driver Truth Table\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e PWMH \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e PWML \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e DIR \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e OUTA \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e OUTB \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e Operation \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGND\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eV+\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eForward\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eV+\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGND\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBackward\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eX\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGND\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGND\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBrake Low\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eX\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eV+\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eV+\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBrake High\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eX\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eZ\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eZ\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCoast\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eX = don’t care (same for input H or L); Z = high impedance (outputs disconnected)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePWM Frequency\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe motor driver supports PWM frequencies as high as 40 kHz, though higher frequencies result in higher switching losses in the motor driver. Also, the driver has a dead time (when the outputs are not driven) of approximately 3 us per cycle, so high duty cycles become unavailable at high frequencies. For example, at 40 kHz, the period is 25 us; if 3 us of that is taken up by the dead time, the maximum available duty cycle is 22\/25, or 88%. (100% is always available, so gradually ramping the PWM input from 0 to 100% will result in the output ramping from 0 to 88%, staying at 88% for inputs of 88% through 99%, and then switching to 100%.)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReal-World Power Dissipation Considerations\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe motor driver can tolerate peak currents in excess of 200 A. The peak current ratings are for quick transients (e.g. when a motor is first turned on), and the continuous rating of 23 A is dependent on various conditions, such as the ambient temperature. The main limitation comes from heating and power dissipation; therefore, at high currents, the motor driver will be extremely hot, and performance can be improved by adding heat sinks or otherwise cooling the board. The driver’s printed circuit board is designed to draw heat out of the MOSFETs, but performance can be improved by adding a heat sink. The MOSFETs have a theoretical maximum continuous current of 90A at 25°C, but dissipating enough heat to keep the MOSFET at this temperature is impractical for most applications; close to 40 A of continuous current should be achievable without too extravagant of a heat sink. For more information on power dissipation see the data sheet for the MOSFETs on the Resources tab.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBecause there is no internal temperature limiting on the motor driver, the entire system should be designed to keep the load current below the 23 A limit. An easy way to achieve this is to select a motor with a stall current below that limit. However, because a good motor can have stall currents dozens of times higher than the typical operating current, motors with stall currents that are hundreds of amps can be used with this driver as long as the running current is kept low. For example, a motor with a 100 A stall current might run well at 10 A, leaving a safe margin for the current to double for several minutes at a time or to triple for several seconds. If the motor does stall completely for a prolonged period, however, the motor or driver are likely to burn out.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning:\u003c\/strong\u003e This motor driver has no over-current or over-temperature shut-off. Either condition can cause \u003cstrong\u003epermanent damage\u003c\/strong\u003eto the motor driver. We recommend you use the current-sense output CS to monitor your current draw if your application will put the driver close to its limits of operation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFault Conditions\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe motor driver can detect three different fault states, which are reported on the FF1 and FF2 pins. The detectable faults are short circuits on the output, under-voltage, and over-temperature. A short-circuit fault is latched, meaning the outputs will stay off and the fault flag will stay high, until the board is reset (RESET brought low). The under-voltage fault disables outputs but is not latched. The over-temperature fault provides a weak indication of the board being too hot, but it does not directly indicate the temperature of the MOSFETs, which are usually the first components to overheat. The fault flag operation is summarized below.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFlag State\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFault Description\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDisable Outputs\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLatched Until Reset\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e FF1\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e FF2\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo fault\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShort Circuit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOver Temperature\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnder Voltage\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHigh-Power Motor Driver Versions\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are currently nine versions of the high-power motor driver. The three CS versions have the same pinout, and the six non-CS versions have the same pinout. The following table provides a comparison of the high-power motor drivers:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePololu high-power motor drivers\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e Name\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e Max nominal battery voltage (V) \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e Max continuous current (A) w\/o heat sink \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh-power motor driver 18v25 CS\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e18\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-High-Power-Motor-Driver-18v25\"\u003eHigh-power motor driver 18v25\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e18\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Motor-Driver-15A-IRF7862PBFD\"\u003eHigh-power motor driver 18v15\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e18\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e15\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-High-Power-Motor-Driver-24v23-CS\"\u003eHigh-power motor driver 24v23 CS\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e28\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e23\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh-power motor driver 24v20\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e28\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e20\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh-power motor driver 24v12\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e28\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e12\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-High-Power-Motor-Driver-36v20-CS\"\u003eHigh-power motor driver 36v20 CS\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e36\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e20\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh-power motor driver 36v15\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e36\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e15\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh-power motor driver 36v9\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e36\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eSize:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e1.8\" x 1.2\"\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGeneral specifications\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eMotor channels:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e1\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eMinimum operating voltage:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e5.5 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eMaximum operating voltage:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e40 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eContinuous output current per channel:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e23 A\u003csup\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/product\/1456\/specs#note2\"\u003e2\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eCurrent sense:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.066 V\/A\u003csup\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/product\/1456\/specs#note3\"\u003e3\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eMaximum PWM frequency:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e40 kHz\u003csup\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/product\/1456\/specs#note4\"\u003e4\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eMaximum logic voltage:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e5.5 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eMOSFET on-resistance (max per leg):\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e3.6 mΩ\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eReverse voltage protection?:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eN\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Without any connectors or through-hole capacitors.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Typical results with 100% duty cycle at room temperature.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Bidirectional centered at 2.5 V with VCS of 5 V.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4. Higher frequencies are possible, but duty cycle will be limited by dead time of approximately 3 μs per cycle.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394080588059,"sku":"Pololu-1456","price":8409.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/1456-mainaJp9s2sFL7zjB.jpg?v=1701865189"},{"product_id":"pololu-1353","title":"Mini Maestro 12-Channel USB Servo Controller (Partial Kit)","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe six-channel Micro Maestro raises the performance bar for serial servo controllers with features such as a native USB interface and internal scripting control. Whether you want high-performance servo control (0.25μs resolution with built-in speed and acceleration control) or a general I\/O controller (e.g. to interface with a sensor or ESC via your USB port), this tiny, versatile device will deliver. Header pins are included but not soldered into this partial kit version (all surface-mount components are soldered).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOverview\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Micro Maestro is the smallest of Pololu’s second-generation USB servo controllers. The Maestros are available in four sizes and can be purchased fully assembled or as partial kits:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaestro family of USB servo controllers: Mini 24, Mini 18, Mini 12, and Micro 6.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Micro-Maestro-6-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller-Assembled\"\u003eMicro Maestro — fully assembled\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Micro-Maestro-6-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller\"\u003eMicro Maestro — partial kit\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMini Maestro 12 — fully assembled\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Mini-Maestro-12-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller-Partial-Kit\"\u003eMini Maestro 12 — partial kit\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Mini-Maestro-18-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller-Assembled\"\u003eMini Maestro 18 — fully assembled\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMini Maestro 18 — partial kit\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMini Maestro 24 — fully assembled\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Mini-Maestro-24-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller-Partial-Kit\"\u003eMini Maestro 24 — partial kit\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Mini Maestros offer higher channel counts and some additional features (see the Maestro comparison table below for details).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicro Maestro 6-channel USB servo controller bottom view with quarter for size reference.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Micro Maestro is a highly versatile servo controller and general-purpose I\/O board in a highly compact (0.85\"×1.20\") package. It supports three control methods: USB for direct connection to a computer, TTL serial for use with embedded systems, and internal scripting for self-contained, host controller-free applications. The channels can be configured as servo outputs for use with radio control (RC) servos or electronic speed controls (ESCs), as digital outputs, or as analog inputs. The extremely precise, high-resolution servo pulses have a jitter of less than 200 ns, making these servo controllers well suited for high-performance applications such as robotics and animatronics, and built-in speed and acceleration control for each channel make it easy to achieve smooth, seamless movements without requiring the control source to constantly compute and stream intermediate position updates to the Micro Maestro. Units can be daisy-chained with additional Pololu servo and motor controllers on a single serial line.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA free configuration and control program is available for Windows and Linux, making it simple to configure and test the device over USB, create sequences of servo movements for animatronics or walking robots, and write, step through, and run scripts stored in the servo controller. The Micro Maestro’s 1 KB of internal script memory allows storage of servo positions that can be automatically played back without any computer or external microcontroller connected.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBecause the Micro Maestro’s channels can also be used as general-purpose digital outputs and analog inputs, they provide an easy way to read sensors and control peripherals directly from a PC over USB, and these channels can be used with the scripting system to enable creation of self-contained animatronic displays that respond to external stimuli and trigger additional events beyond just moving servos.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBottom view with dimensions (in inches) of Pololu Micro and Mini Maestro servo controllers.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Micro Maestro is available \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Micro-Maestro-6-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller-Assembled\"\u003efully assembled\u003c\/a\u003e with \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pin-Headers-Straight\"\u003e0.1\" male header pins\u003c\/a\u003e installed as shown in the product picture or as a \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Micro-Maestro-6-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller\"\u003epartial kit\u003c\/a\u003e, which ship with these header pins included but unsoldered, allowing the use of different gender connectors or wires to be soldered directly to the pads for lighter, more compact installations. The Mini Maestro 12, 18, and 24 are also available fully assembled or as partial kits. A USB A to mini-B cable (not included) is required to connect this device to a computer.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicro Maestro 6-channel USB servo controller assembled.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicro Maestro 6-channel USB servo controller partial kit.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMain Features\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThree control methods: USB, TTL (5V) serial, and internal scripting\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e0.25μs output pulse width resolution (corresponds to approximately 0.025° for a typical servo, which is beyond what the servo could resolve)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePulse rate configurable from 33 to 100 Hz (2)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWide pulse range of 64 to 3280 μs (2)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndividual speed and acceleration control for each channel\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChannels can be optionally configured to go to a specified position or turn off on startup or error\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChannels can also be used as general-purpose digital outputs or analog inputs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA simple scripting language lets you program the controller to perform complex actions even after its USB and serial connections are removed\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eComprehensive \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J40\"\u003euser’s guide\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFree configuration and control application for Windows makes it easy to:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConfigure and test your controller\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCreate, run, and save sequences of servo movements for animatronics and walking robots\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWrite, step through, and run scripts stored in the servo controller\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo ways to write software to control the Maestro from a PC:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVirtual COM port makes it easy to send serial commands from any development environment that supports serial communication\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePololu USB Software Development Kit allows use of more advanced native USB commands and includes example code in C#, Visual Basic .NET, and Visual C++\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTTL serial features:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupports 300 – 200000 bps in fixed-baud mode, 300 – 115200 bps in autodetect-baud mode (2)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSimultaneously supports the Pololu protocol, which gives access to advanced functionality, and the simpler Scott Edwards MiniSSC II protocol (there is no need to configure the device for a particular protocol mode)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCan be daisy-chained with other Pololu servo and motor controllers using a single serial transmit line\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCan function as a general-purpose USB-to-TTL serial adapter for projects controlled from a PC\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoard can be powered off of USB or a 5 – 16 V battery, and it makes the regulated 5V available to the user\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompact size of 0.85\" × 1.20\" (2.16 × 3.05 cm) and light weight of 0.17 oz (4.8 g) with headers\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUpgradable firmware\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaestro Comparison Table\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e Micro MaestroMini Maestro 12Mini Maestro 18Mini Maestro 24\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChannels:6121824\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnalog input channels:6121212\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDigital input channels:00612\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWidth:0.85\" (2.16 cm)1.10\" (2.79 cm)1.10\" (2.79 cm)1.10\" (2.79 cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLength:1.20\" (3.05 cm)1.42\" (3.61 cm)1.80\" (4.57 cm)2.30\" (5.84 cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWeight(1):3.0 g4.2 g4.9 g6.0 g\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConfigurable pulse rate(2):33–100 Hz1–333 Hz1–333 Hz1–333 Hz\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePulse range(2):64–3280 μs64–4080 μs64–4080 μs64–4080 μs\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eScript size(3):1 KB8 KB8 KB8 KB\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1\u003c\/strong\u003e This is the weight of the board without header pins or terminal blocks.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cstrong\u003e2\u003c\/strong\u003e The available pulse rate and range depend on each other and factors such as baud rate and number of channels used. See the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J40\/9\"\u003eMaestro User’s Guide\u003c\/a\u003e for details.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cstrong\u003e3\u003c\/strong\u003e The user script system is more powerful on the Mini Maestro than on the Micro Maestro. See See the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J40\/6.d\"\u003eMaestro User’s Guide\u003c\/a\u003e for details.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApplication Examples and Videos\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicro Maestro as the brains of a tiny hexapod robot.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSerial servo controller for multi-servo projects (e.g. robot arms, animatronics) based on BASIC Stamp or Arduino platforms.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePC-based servo control over USB port\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePC-based control of motors by interfacing with an ESC over USB\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePC interface for sensors and other electronics:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRead a gyro or accelerometer from a PC for novel user interfaces\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eControl a string of ShiftBrites from a PC for mood lighting\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGeneral I\/O expansion for microcontroller projects\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProgrammable, self-contained Halloween or Christmas display controller that responds to sensors. The picture to the right and the video below show a self-contained hexapod robot that uses three micro servos and two digital distance sensors for autonomous walking.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSelf-contained servo tester\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn example setup using a \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Micro-Maestro-6-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller-Assembled\"\u003eMicro Maestro\u003c\/a\u003e to control a ShiftBar and Satellite LED Module is shown in the picture below and one of the videos above. Maestro source code to control a ShiftBar or ShiftBrite is available in the Example scripts section of the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J40\"\u003eMaestro User’s guide\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConnecting the Micro Maestro to a chain of ShiftBars. A single 12V supply powers all of the devices.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394080653595,"sku":"Pololu-1353","price":5029.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/1353-mainBV4InBUO0Zlne.jpg?v=1701865193"},{"product_id":"pololu-2507","title":"Pololu Dual VNH5019 Motor Driver Shield for Arduino","description":"\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis motor driver shield and its corresponding Arduino library make it easy to control two bidirectional, high-power, brushed DC motors with an \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Arduino-Uno-R3\"\u003eArduino\u003c\/a\u003e or compatible board, such as the A-Star 32U4 Prime. The board features a pair of robust VNH5019 motor drivers from ST, which operate from 5.5 to 24 V and can deliver a continuous 12 A (30 A peak) per channel, and incorporates most of the components of the typical application diagram on page 14 of the\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/vnh5019.pdf?file_id=0J504\"\u003eVNH5019 datasheet\u003c\/a\u003e (475k pdf), including pull-up and protection resistors and FETs for reverse battery protection. It ships fully populated with its SMD components, including the two VNH5019 ICs, as shown in the picture to the right; stackable Arduino headers and terminal blocks for connecting motors and motor power are included but are not soldered in (see the Included Hardware section below).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis versatile motor driver is intended for a wide range of users, from beginners who just want a plug-and-play motor control solution for their Arduinos (and are okay with a little soldering) to experts who want to directly interface with ST’s great motor driver ICs. The Arduino pin mappings can all be customized if the defaults are not convenient, and the VNH5019 control lines are broken out along the left side of the board for general-purpose use without an Arduino (see the right connection diagram below). This versatility, along with an option to power the Arduino directly from the shield, sets this board apart from similar competing motor shields.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"center\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J3753.280.jpg?5877a2053bf73d6dbb43d10e7d268ce5\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J3753\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"height: 20px; width: 20px;\" src=\"file:\/\/\/C:\\Users\\Samreen\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\msohtmlclip1\\01\\clip_image002.png\" alt=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-74912f8b0d07e3addf4b2661a67de90a.png\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDual VNH5019 motor driver shield with an Arduino (shield and Arduino powered separately).\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"center\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J3755.290.jpg?b32b98db0247112e0d969c6fb98814da\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J3755\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"height: 20px; width: 20px;\" src=\"file:\/\/\/C:\\Users\\Samreen\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\msohtmlclip1\\01\\clip_image002.png\" alt=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-74912f8b0d07e3addf4b2661a67de90a.png\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDual VNH5019 motor driver shield connected to a microcontroller (gray connections are optional).\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor a lower-power, lower-cost alternative to this shield, please consider the \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-Dual-MC33926-Motor-Driver-Shield-for-Arduino\"\u003edual MC33926 motor driver shield\u003c\/a\u003e, which has a very similar design and can deliver a continuous 3 A per channel.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFeatures\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J5212.250.jpg?a8be394b2ffeb3d93c12b46184724190\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePololu dual VNH5019 motor driver shield, assembled and connected to an Arduino Uno R3.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J5213.250.jpg?bb5850811521275efaff454c3cc95186\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePololu dual VNH5019 motor driver shield for Arduino, bottom view with board dimensions.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWide operating voltage range: 5.5 – 24 V1\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh output current: up to 12 A continuous (30 maximum) per motor\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMotor outputs can be combined to deliver up to 24 A continuous (60 A maximum) to a single motor\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInputs compatible with both 5V and 3.3V systems (logic high threshold is 2.1 V)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePWM operation up to 20 kHz, which is ultrasonic and allows for quieter motor operation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCurrent sense voltage output proportional to motor current (approx. 140 mV\/A)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMotor indicator LEDs show what the outputs are doing even when no motor is connected\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCan be used with an Arduino or Arduino clone (through shield headers) or other microcontroller boards (through 0.1″ header along the left side)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen used as a shield, the motor power supply can optionally be used to power the Arduino base as well\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eArduino pin mappings can be customized if the default mappings are not convenient\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eArduino library makes it easy to get started using this board as a motor driver shield\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDetailed \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J49\"\u003euser’s guide\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReverse-voltage protection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRobust drivers:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCan survive input voltages up to 41 V\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUndervoltage and overvoltage shutdown\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh-side and low-side thermal shutdown\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShort-to-ground and short-to-Vcc protection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1 While the overvoltage protection typically kicks in at 27 V, it can trigger at voltages as low as 24 V, so we do not recommend using this motor driver with 24 V batteries, which significantly exceed 24 V when fully charged. If the shield is configured to power an Arduino or Arduino clone, the supply voltage must conform to that Arduino’s input voltage requirements.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIncluded Hardware\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J5211.300.jpg?be0adc20e56b50ff7982718140c5ac09\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePololu dual VNH5019 motor driver shield for Arduino with included hardware.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis motor driver board ships with all of the surface-mount parts populated. However, soldering is required for assembly of the included through-hole parts. The following through-hole parts are included:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eone extended\/stackable 1×10 female header (for Arduino shields)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003etwo extended\/stackable 1×8 female headers (for Arduino shields)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003etwo extended\/stackable 1×6 female headers (for Arduino shields)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethree 2-pin 5mm terminal blocks (for board power and motor outputs)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e40-pin \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pin-Headers-Straight\"\u003e0.1″ straight breakaway male header\u003c\/a\u003e (may ship in several pieces, such as two 20-pin strips)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA 0.1″ shorting block (for optionally supplying shield power to Arduino) is also included.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can solder the terminal blocks to the six large through-holes to make your motor and motor power connections, or you can break off a 12×1 section of the 0.1″ header strip and solder it into the smaller through-holes that border these larger holes. Note, however, that the terminal blocks are only rated for 16 A, and each header pin pair is only rated for a combined 6 A, so for higher-power applications, thick wires should be soldered directly to the board.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen not using this board as an Arduino shield, you can solder the 0.1″ headers to the logic connections along the left side of the board to enable use with custom cables or \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/index.php?route=product\/search\u0026amp;search=breadboard\"\u003esolderless breadboards\u003c\/a\u003e, or you can solder wires directly to the board for more compact installations. Note that motor and motor power connections should not be made through a breadboard.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe motor driver includes three 47 uF electrolytic power capacitors, and there is room to add additional capacitors (e.g. to compensate for long power wires or increase stability of the power supply). Additional power capacitors are usually not necessary, and no additional capacitors are included with this motor driver.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe two mounting holes are intended for use with #4 screws (not included). They have a horizontal separation of 0.30″ and a vertical separation of 1.70″.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Arduino-Uno-R3\"\u003eArduino\u003c\/a\u003e is \u003cstrong\u003enot included\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSchematic Diagram\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J5220.600.jpg?3f822e0f830bafc2168f106f9733350a\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J5220\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"height: 20px; width: 20px;\" src=\"file:\/\/\/C:\\Users\\Samreen\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\msohtmlclip1\\01\\clip_image002.png\" alt=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-74912f8b0d07e3addf4b2661a67de90a.png\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSchematic diagram of the Pololu dual VNH5019 motor driver shield for Arduino.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis schematic is also available as a downloadable pdf: \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/dual-vnh5019-motor-driver-shield-schematic-diagram.pdf?file_id=0J740\"\u003edual VNH5019 motor driver shield schematic\u003c\/a\u003e (356k pdf)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVNH3SP30, VNH2SP30, and VNH5019 Comparison\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J3759.250.jpg?bd4f5bed73b485585608f626efdcedf1\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThermal image of the top side of the dual VNH5019 motor driver shield during one of our current tests.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn addition to this VNH5019 shield, we offer carrier boards for two similar, older motor drivers from ST: the \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Dual-VNH3SP30-Motor-Driver-Carrier-MD03A\"\u003eVNH3SP30\u003c\/a\u003e and the \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Dual-VNH2SP30-Motor-Driver-Carrier-MD03A\"\u003eVNH2SP30\u003c\/a\u003e. The VNH5019 is the only one of the three with a practical operating voltage above 16 V. The VNH5019 is the only driver of the three available on a Pololu Arduino shield.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe current-related values in the table below (i.e. the entries to which footnote 3 applies) are the results of tests on only one or two of each driver version, so they do not capture potential unit-to-unit variation, and they were performed using the \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/VNH5019-Motor-Driver-Carrier\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003esingle driver\u003c\/strong\u003e versions\u003c\/a\u003e, not the dual carriers. As such, the values should be treated as rough estimates of performance, not as performance guarantees. While these tests seem to indicate that the VNH2SP30 runs a bit cooler—and hence can deliver more continuous current—than the VNH5019, it is important to note that the three driver versions were tested at different times under potentially different conditions, so the results are not necessarily accurate indications of relative performance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn our tests, we noticed that the thermal protection on the VNH5019 was activating at a lower temperature (153°C) than on the VNH2SP30 (170°C), which could partially account for the shorter VNH5019 overheating times. However, we also observed that the VNH5019 was reaching slightly higher temperatures than the VNH2SP30 when used under the same conditions: the VNH5019 reached a temperature of 85°C after 3 minutes at 10 A while the VNH2SP30 reached a temperature of 80°C.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe following table offers a comparison of the single-carrier versions of all three drivers:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/VNH3SP30-Motor-Driver-Carrier-MD01B\"\u003eVNH3SP30\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/VNH2SP30-Motor-Driver-Carrier-MD01B\"\u003eVNH2SP30\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/VNH5019-Motor-Driver-Carrier\"\u003eVNH5019\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOperating voltage: (1)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5.5 – 16 V (2)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5.5 – 16 V\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5.5 – 24 V\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMOSFET on-resistance (per leg):\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e34 mΩ typ.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e19 mΩ max.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e18 mΩ typ.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMax PWM frequency\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10 kHz\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e20 kHz\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e20 kHz\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent sense\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003en\/a\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.13 V\/A typ.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.14 V\/A typ.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOver-voltage shutoff\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e36 V min. (2) \/ 43 V typ.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e16 V min. \/ 19 V typ.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e24 V min. \/ 27 V typ.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLogic input high threshold\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.25 V min.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.25 V min.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.1 V min.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTime to overheat at 20 A (3)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8 s\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e35 s\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e20 s\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTime to overheat at 15 A (3)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e30 s\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e150 s\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e90 s\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent for infinite run time (3)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9 A\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e14 A\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e12 A\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1\u003c\/strong\u003e The VNH3SP30 can survive input voltages up to 40 V, and the VNH2SP30 and VNH5019 can survive input voltages up to 41 V, but the over-voltage shutoff will kick in at lower voltages.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cstrong\u003e2\u003c\/strong\u003e While VNH3SP30’s over-voltage shutoff doesn’t activate until 36 V, in our experience, shoot-through currents make PWM operation impractical above 16 V.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cstrong\u003e3\u003c\/strong\u003e Typical results using the Pololu motor driver carrier boards with 100% duty cycle at room temperature (with no forced airflow or heat sinking beyond the carrier PCB).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReal-world power dissipation consideration\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEach motor driver IC has a maximum continuous current rating of 30 A. However, the chips by themselves will overheat at lower currents (see the table above for typical values). The actual current you can deliver will depend on how well you can keep the motor drivers cool. The shield’s printed circuit board is designed to draw heat out of the motor driver chips, but performance can be improved by adding heat sinks. In our tests, we were able to deliver short durations (on the order of milliseconds) of 30 A and several seconds of 20 A without overheating. At 6 A, the chip gets just barely noticeably warm to the touch. For high-current installations, the motor and power supply wires should also be soldered directly instead of going through the supplied terminal blocks, which are rated for up to 16 A.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis product can get \u003cstrong\u003ehot\u003c\/strong\u003e enough to burn you long before the chip overheats. Take care when handling this product and other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany motor controllers or speed controllers can have peak current ratings that are substantially higher than the continuous current rating; this is not the case with these motor drivers, which have a 30 A continuous rating and over-current protection that can kick in as low as 30 A (50 A typical). Therefore, the stall current of your motor should not be more than 30 A. (Even if you expect to run at a much lower average current, the motor can still draw short bursts of high currents, such as when it is starting, if special steps are not taken.)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e The datasheet refers to the motor driver IC by the full part number \u003cstrong\u003eVNH5019A-E\u003c\/strong\u003e, but the “A” seems to simply indicate that it was packaged in tubes. It mentions \u003cstrong\u003eVNH5019TR-E\u003c\/strong\u003e as another valid part number for this IC (indicating tape-and-reel packaging).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis newer version (ash02b) of our dual VNH5019 motor driver shield replaces the original version. The new version adds pass-throughs for the four new pins on the Arduino Uno R3. Generally speaking, most users should not notice any other differences between the two shield versions; details can be found in this section of the user’s guide. The easiest way to distinguish between the two versions is via the silkscreen in the top left corner, where the new version is labeled \u003cstrong\u003eash02b\u003c\/strong\u003eand the original version is labeled \u003cstrong\u003eash02a\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394080686363,"sku":"Pololu-2507","price":10999.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/2502-mainybbs7bGDXveBa.jpg?v=1701865196"},{"product_id":"pololu-1633","title":"Methane Gas Sensor MQ-4","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis semiconductor gas sensor detects the presence of methane (CNG) gas at concentrations from 300 ppm to 10,000 ppm, a range suitable for detecting gas leaks. The sensor’s simple analog voltage interface requires only one analog input pin from your microcontroller.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOverview\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis methane gas sensor detects the concentration of methane gas in the air and ouputs its reading as an analog voltage. The concentration sensing range of 300 ppm to 10,000 ppm is suitable for leak detection. For example, the sensor could detect if someone left a gas stove on but not lit. The sensor can operate at temperatures from -10 to 50°C and consumes less than 150 mA at 5 V. Please read the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/MQ4.pdf?file_id=0J311\"\u003eMQ4 datasheet\u003c\/a\u003e (161k pdf) for more information about the sensor.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGas sensor with metal case bottom view.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConnections\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConnecting five volts across the heating (H) pins keeps the sensor hot enough to function correctly. Connecting five volts at either the A or B pins causes the sensor to emit an analog voltage on the other pins. A resistive load between the output pins and ground sets the sensitivity of the detector. Please note that the picture in the datasheet for the top configuration is wrong. Both configurations have the same pinout consistent with the bottom configuration.The resistive load should be calibrated for your particular application using the equations in the datasheet, but a good starting value for the resistor is 20 kΩ.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe offer two breakout boards that make it easier to interface with these sensors: a \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-MQ-Gas-Sensor-Carrier\"\u003ePololu carrier board\u003c\/a\u003e and a \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Gas-Sensor-Breakout-Board\"\u003eSparkFun carrier board\u003c\/a\u003e. The Pololu version is shown below.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePololu MQ gas sensor carrier with sensitivity-setting resistor soldered in the vertical orientation.\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394080784667,"sku":"Pololu-1633","price":489.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/1633-mainTBjraxCxYcyTP.jpg?v=1701865200"},{"product_id":"pololu-1480","title":"Flammable Gas \u0026 Smoke Sensor MQ-2","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis semiconductor gas sensor detects the presence of combustible gas and smoke at concentrations from 300 to 10,000 ppm. The sensor’s simple analog voltage interface requires only one analog input pin from your microcontroller.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOverview\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis flammable gas and smoke sensor detects the concentrations of combustible gas in the air and ouputs its reading as an analog voltage. The sensor can measure concentrations of flammable gas of 300 to 10,000 ppm.The sensor can operate at temperatures from -20 to 50°C and consumes less than 150 mA at 5 V. Please read the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/MQ2.pdf?file_id=0J309\"\u003eMQ2 datasheet\u003c\/a\u003e (184k pdf) for more information about the sensor.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 250px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2093\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2093.250.jpg?e0ab381b1a9163bffb65c23b556016da\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/images\/zoom.png?4d3c7fe586a56a6f32a1c798dc152ced\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003eGas sensor with metal case bottom view.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eConnections\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConnecting five volts across the heating (H) pins keeps the sensor hot enough to function correctly. Connecting five volts at either the A or B pins causes the sensor to emit an analog voltage on the other pins. A resistive load between the output pins and ground sets the sensitivity of the detector. Please note that the picture in the datasheet for the top configuration is wrong. Both configurations have the same pinout consistent with the bottom configuration.The resistive load should be calibrated for your particular application using the equations in the datasheet, but a good starting value for the resistor is 20 kΩ.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe offer two breakout boards that make it easier to interface with these sensors: a \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-MQ-Gas-Sensor-Carrier\"\u003ePololu carrier board\u003c\/a\u003e and a \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Gas-Sensor-Breakout-Board\"\u003eSparkFun carrier board\u003c\/a\u003e. The Pololu version is shown below.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 400px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2254\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2254.400.jpg?d1ccb6b26d282301cadf0c8304547eac\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/images\/zoom.png?4d3c7fe586a56a6f32a1c798dc152ced\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003ePololu MQ gas sensor carrier with sensitivity-setting resistor soldered in the vertical orientation.\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394080850203,"sku":"Pololu-1480","price":399.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/1480-1MBUVDLDxs7ZJM.jpg?v=1701865210"},{"product_id":"pololu-1357","title":"Mini Maestro 24-Channel USB Servo Controller (Partial Kit)","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe six-channel Micro Maestro raises the performance bar for serial servo controllers with features such as a native USB interface and internal scripting control. Whether you want high-performance servo control (0.25μs resolution with built-in speed and acceleration control) or a general I\/O controller (e.g. to interface with a sensor or ESC via your USB port), this tiny, versatile device will deliver. Header pins are included but not soldered into this partial kit version (all surface-mount components are soldered).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOverview\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Micro Maestro is the smallest of Pololu’s second-generation USB servo controllers. The Maestros are available in four sizes and can be purchased fully assembled or as partial kits:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaestro family of USB servo controllers: Mini 24, Mini 18, Mini 12, and Micro 6.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Micro-Maestro-6-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller-Assembled\"\u003eMicro Maestro — fully assembled\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Micro-Maestro-6-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller\"\u003eMicro Maestro — partial kit\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMini Maestro 12 — fully assembled\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Mini-Maestro-12-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller-Partial-Kit\"\u003eMini Maestro 12 — partial kit\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Mini-Maestro-18-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller-Assembled\"\u003eMini Maestro 18 — fully assembled\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMini Maestro 18 — partial kit\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMini Maestro 24 — fully assembled\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Mini-Maestro-24-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller-Partial-Kit\"\u003eMini Maestro 24 — partial kit\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Mini Maestros offer higher channel counts and some additional features (see the Maestro comparison table below for details).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicro Maestro 6-channel USB servo controller bottom view with quarter for size reference.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Micro Maestro is a highly versatile servo controller and general-purpose I\/O board in a highly compact (0.85\"×1.20\") package. It supports three control methods: USB for direct connection to a computer, TTL serial for use with embedded systems, and internal scripting for self-contained, host controller-free applications. The channels can be configured as servo outputs for use with radio control (RC) servos or electronic speed controls (ESCs), as digital outputs, or as analog inputs. The extremely precise, high-resolution servo pulses have a jitter of less than 200 ns, making these servo controllers well suited for high-performance applications such as robotics and animatronics, and built-in speed and acceleration control for each channel make it easy to achieve smooth, seamless movements without requiring the control source to constantly compute and stream intermediate position updates to the Micro Maestro. Units can be daisy-chained with additional Pololu servo and motor controllers on a single serial line.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA free configuration and control program is available for Windows and Linux, making it simple to configure and test the device over USB, create sequences of servo movements for animatronics or walking robots, and write, step through, and run scripts stored in the servo controller. The Micro Maestro’s 1 KB of internal script memory allows storage of servo positions that can be automatically played back without any computer or external microcontroller connected.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBecause the Micro Maestro’s channels can also be used as general-purpose digital outputs and analog inputs, they provide an easy way to read sensors and control peripherals directly from a PC over USB, and these channels can be used with the scripting system to enable creation of self-contained animatronic displays that respond to external stimuli and trigger additional events beyond just moving servos.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBottom view with dimensions (in inches) of Pololu Micro and Mini Maestro servo controllers.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Micro Maestro is available \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Micro-Maestro-6-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller-Assembled\"\u003efully assembled\u003c\/a\u003e with \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pin-Headers-Straight\"\u003e0.1\" male header pins\u003c\/a\u003e installed as shown in the product picture or as a \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Micro-Maestro-6-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller\"\u003epartial kit\u003c\/a\u003e, which ship with these header pins included but unsoldered, allowing the use of different gender connectors or wires to be soldered directly to the pads for lighter, more compact installations. The Mini Maestro 12, 18, and 24 are also available fully assembled or as partial kits. A USB A to mini-B cable (not included) is required to connect this device to a computer.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicro Maestro 6-channel USB servo controller assembled.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicro Maestro 6-channel USB servo controller partial kit.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMain Features\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThree control methods: USB, TTL (5V) serial, and internal scripting\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e0.25μs output pulse width resolution (corresponds to approximately 0.025° for a typical servo, which is beyond what the servo could resolve)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePulse rate configurable from 33 to 100 Hz (2)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWide pulse range of 64 to 3280 μs (2)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndividual speed and acceleration control for each channel\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChannels can be optionally configured to go to a specified position or turn off on startup or error\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChannels can also be used as general-purpose digital outputs or analog inputs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA simple scripting language lets you program the controller to perform complex actions even after its USB and serial connections are removed\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eComprehensive \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J40\"\u003euser’s guide\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFree configuration and control application for Windows makes it easy to:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConfigure and test your controller\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCreate, run, and save sequences of servo movements for animatronics and walking robots\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWrite, step through, and run scripts stored in the servo controller\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo ways to write software to control the Maestro from a PC:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVirtual COM port makes it easy to send serial commands from any development environment that supports serial communication\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePololu USB Software Development Kit allows use of more advanced native USB commands and includes example code in C#, Visual Basic .NET, and Visual C++\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTTL serial features:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupports 300 – 200000 bps in fixed-baud mode, 300 – 115200 bps in autodetect-baud mode (2)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSimultaneously supports the Pololu protocol, which gives access to advanced functionality, and the simpler Scott Edwards MiniSSC II protocol (there is no need to configure the device for a particular protocol mode)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCan be daisy-chained with other Pololu servo and motor controllers using a single serial transmit line\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCan function as a general-purpose USB-to-TTL serial adapter for projects controlled from a PC\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoard can be powered off of USB or a 5 – 16 V battery, and it makes the regulated 5V available to the user\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompact size of 0.85\" × 1.20\" (2.16 × 3.05 cm) and light weight of 0.17 oz (4.8 g) with headers\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUpgradable firmware\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaestro Comparison Table\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e Micro MaestroMini Maestro 12Mini Maestro 18Mini Maestro 24\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChannels:6121824\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnalog input channels:6121212\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDigital input channels:00612\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWidth:0.85\" (2.16 cm)1.10\" (2.79 cm)1.10\" (2.79 cm)1.10\" (2.79 cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLength:1.20\" (3.05 cm)1.42\" (3.61 cm)1.80\" (4.57 cm)2.30\" (5.84 cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWeight(1):3.0 g4.2 g4.9 g6.0 g\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConfigurable pulse rate(2):33–100 Hz1–333 Hz1–333 Hz1–333 Hz\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePulse range(2):64–3280 μs64–4080 μs64–4080 μs64–4080 μs\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eScript size(3):1 KB8 KB8 KB8 KB\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1\u003c\/strong\u003e This is the weight of the board without header pins or terminal blocks.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cstrong\u003e2\u003c\/strong\u003e The available pulse rate and range depend on each other and factors such as baud rate and number of channels used. See the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J40\/9\"\u003eMaestro User’s Guide\u003c\/a\u003e for details.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cstrong\u003e3\u003c\/strong\u003e The user script system is more powerful on the Mini Maestro than on the Micro Maestro. See See the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J40\/6.d\"\u003eMaestro User’s Guide\u003c\/a\u003e for details.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApplication Examples and Videos\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicro Maestro as the brains of a tiny hexapod robot.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSerial servo controller for multi-servo projects (e.g. robot arms, animatronics) based on BASIC Stamp or Arduino platforms.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePC-based servo control over USB port\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePC-based control of motors by interfacing with an ESC over USB\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePC interface for sensors and other electronics:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRead a gyro or accelerometer from a PC for novel user interfaces\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eControl a string of ShiftBrites from a PC for mood lighting\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGeneral I\/O expansion for microcontroller projects\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProgrammable, self-contained Halloween or Christmas display controller that responds to sensors. The picture to the right and the video below show a self-contained hexapod robot that uses three micro servos and two digital distance sensors for autonomous walking.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSelf-contained servo tester\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn example setup using a \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Micro-Maestro-6-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller-Assembled\"\u003eMicro Maestro\u003c\/a\u003e to control a ShiftBar and Satellite LED Module is shown in the picture below and one of the videos above. Maestro source code to control a ShiftBar or ShiftBrite is available in the Example scripts section of the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J40\"\u003eMaestro User’s guide\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConnecting the Micro Maestro to a chain of ShiftBars. A single 12V supply powers all of the devices.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394080981275,"sku":"Pololu-1357","price":6989.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/1357-mainlF708Zrz9KiYQ.jpg?v=1701865213"},{"product_id":"pololu-1269","title":"AltIMU-10 Gyro, Accelerometer, Compass, and Altimeter","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Pololu AltIMU-10 is an inertial measurement unit (IMU) and altimeter that features the same L3GD20 gyro and LSM303DLHC accelerometer and magnetometer as the \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/MinIMU-9-v2-Gyro-Accelerometer-and-Compass-L3GD20-and-LSM303DLHC-Carrier\"\u003eMinIMU-9 v2\u003c\/a\u003e, and adds an LPS331AP digital barometer. An I²C interface accesses ten independent pressure, rotation, acceleration, and magnetic measurements that can be used to calculate the sensor’s altitude and absolute orientation. The board operates from 2.5 to 5.5 V and has a 0.1″ pin spacing.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Pololu AltIMU-10 is a compact (1.0″ × 0.5″) board that combines ST’s LPS331AP digital barometer, L3GD20 3-axis gyroscope, and LSM303DLHC 3-axis accelerometer and 3-axis magnetometer to form an inertial measurement unit (IMU) and altimeter; we therefore recommend careful reading of the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/LPS331AP.pdf?file_id=0J622\"\u003eLPS331AP datasheet\u003c\/a\u003e (453k pdf), \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/L3GD20.pdf?file_id=0J563\"\u003eL3GD20 datasheet\u003c\/a\u003e (2MB pdf), and \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/LSM303DLHC.pdf?file_id=0J564\"\u003eLSM303DLHC datasheet\u003c\/a\u003e (629k pdf) before using this product. These sensors are great ICs, but their small packages make them difficult for the typical student or hobbyist to use. They also operate at voltages below 3.6 V, which can make interfacing difficult for microcontrollers operating at 5 V. The AltIMU-10 addresses these issues by incorporating additional electronics, including a voltage regulator and a level-shifting circuit, while keeping the overall size as compact as possible. The board ships fully populated with its SMD components, including the L3GD20, LSM303, and LPS331, as shown in the product picture.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe AltIMU-10 is pin-compatible with the \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/MinIMU-9-v2-Gyro-Accelerometer-and-Compass-L3GD20-and-LSM303DLHC-Carrier\"\u003eMinIMU-9 v2\u003c\/a\u003e and offers the same functionality augmented by a digital barometer that can be used to obtain pressure and altitude measurements. It includes a second mounting hole and is only 0.2″ longer than the MinIMU-9 v2. Any code written for the MinIMU-9 v2 should also work with the AltIMU-10.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 471px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J4446\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4446.471.jpg?bc9be4a301fb328d4a97a51796a8d72e\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eSide-by-side comparison of the MinIMU-9 v2 with the AltIMU-10.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe LPS331AP, L3GD20, and LSM303DLHC have many configurable options, including selectable resolutions for the barometer and dynamically selectable sensitivities for the gyro, accelerometer, and magnetometer. Each sensor also has a choice of output data rates. The three ICs can be accessed through a shared I²C\/TWI interface, allowing all four sensors to be addressed individually via a single clock line and a single data line.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe nine independent rotation, acceleration, and magnetic readings provide all the data needed to make an attitude and heading reference system (AHRS), and readings from the absolute pressure sensor can be easily converted to altitudes, giving you a total of ten independent measurements (sometimes called 10DOF). With an appropriate algorithm, a microcontroller or computer can use the data to calculate the orientation and height of the AltIMU board. The gyro can be used to very accurately track rotation on a short timescale, while the accelerometer and compass can help compensate for gyro drift over time by providing an absolute frame of reference. The respective axes of the two chips are aligned on the board to facilitate these sensor fusion calculations. (For an example of such a system using an Arduino, see the picture below and the Sample Code section at the bottom of this page.)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 450px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J3722\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J3722.450.jpg?856c3294c51177e54f76d6e830cfe8d9\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eVisualization of AHRS orientation calculated from MinIMU-9 readings.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe carrier board includes a low-dropout linear voltage regulator that provides the 3.3 V required by the LPS331, L3GD20, and LSM303, allowing the module to be powered from a single 2.5 V to 5.5 V supply. The regulator output is available on the VDD pin and can supply almost 150 mA to external devices. The breakout board also includes a circuit that shifts the I²C clock and data lines to the same logic voltage level as the supplied VIN, making it simple to interface the board with 5 V systems. The board’s 0.1″ pin spacing makes it easy to use with standard \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Breadboard-GL-12\"\u003esolderless breadboards\u003c\/a\u003e and 0.1″ perfboards.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimensions: 1.0″ × 0.5″ × 0.1″ (25 mm × 13 mm × 3 mm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWeight without header pins: 1.0 g (0.035 oz)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOperating voltage: 2.5 V to 5.5 V\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupply current: 10 mA\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOutput format (I²C):\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGyro: one 16-bit reading per axis\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccelerometer: one 12-bit reading (left-justified) per axis\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMagnetometer: one 12-bit reading (right-justified) per axis\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBarometer: 24-bit pressure reading (4096 LSb\/mbar)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSensitivity range:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGyro: ±250, ±500, or ±2000°\/s\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccelerometer: ±2, ±4, ±8, or ±16 g\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMagnetometer: ±1.3, ±1.9, ±2.5, ±4.0, ±4.7, ±5.6, or ±8.1 gauss\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBarometer: 260 mbar to 1260 mbar (26 kPa to 126 kPa)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eIncluded Components\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA 1×5 strip of \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pin-Headers-Straight\"\u003e0.1″ header pins\u003c\/a\u003e and a 1×5 strip of \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Right-angled-pin-Headers-40-pin\"\u003e0.1″ right-angle header pins\u003c\/a\u003e are included, as shown in the picture below. You can solder the header strip of your choice to the board for use with \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/0-1-2-54mm-Crimp-Connector-Housing-1x2-Pin-25-Pack\"\u003ecustom cables\u003c\/a\u003e or \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Breadboard-GL-12\"\u003esolderless breadboards\u003c\/a\u003e or solder wires directly to the board itself for more compact installations. The board features two mounting holes that work with #2 or M2screws (not included).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J4443\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4443.300.jpg?c097eb34388db92de596d3e61ff04830\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eUsing the AltIMU-10\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eConnections\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA minimum of four connections are necessary to use the AltIMU-10: VIN, GND, SCL, and SDA. VIN should be connected to a 2.5 V to 5.5 V source, GND to 0 volts, and SCL and SDA should be connected to an I²C bus operating at the same logic level as VIN. (Alternatively, if you are using the board with a 3.3 V system, you can leave VIN disconnected and bypass the built-in regulator by connecting 3.3 V directly to VDD.)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 275px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J4445\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4445.275.jpg?68b50f964a1971ee2a08b565498ac87a\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003ePololu AltIMU-10 gyro, accelerometer, compass, and altimeter pinout.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 275px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J4444\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4444.275.jpg?0faa0833ad82c3038cc0dc3b66c2ff13\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eTwo Pololu AltIMU-10 modules in a breadboard.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003ePinout\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003ePIN\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eDescription\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eSCL\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eLevel-shifted I²C clock line: HIGH is VIN, LOW is 0 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eSDA\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eLevel-shifted I²C data line: HIGH is VIN, LOW is 0 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eGND\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eThe ground (0 V) connection for your power supply. Your I²C control source must also share a common ground with this board.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eVIN\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eThis is the main 2.5 V to 5.5 V power supply connection. The SCL and SDA level shifters pull the I²C bus high bits up to this level.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eVDD\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e3.3 V regulator \u003cstrong\u003eoutput\u003c\/strong\u003e or low-voltage logic power supply, depending on VIN. When VIN is supplied and greater than 3.3 V, VDD is a regulated 3.3 V output that can supply up to approximately 150 mA to external components. Alternatively, when interfacing with a 2.5 V to 3.3 V system, VIN can be left disconnected and power can be supplied directly to VDD. \u003cins\u003eNever supply voltage to VDD when VIN is connected, and never supply more than 3.6 V to VDD.\u003c\/ins\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe data ready and interrupt pins of the LPS331AP, L3GD20, and LSM303DLHC are not accessible on the AltIMU-10; if you need these outputs, consider using our\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/LPS331AP-Pressure-Altitude-Sensor\"\u003eLPS331AP carrier\u003c\/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/L3GD20-3-Axis-Gyro-Carrier-with-Voltage-Regulator\"\u003eL3GD20 carrier\u003c\/a\u003e, and \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/LSM303D-3D-Compass-and-Accelerometer-Carrier-with-Voltage-Regulator\"\u003eLSM303DLHC carrier\u003c\/a\u003e boards.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eSchematic Diagram\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4438.650.jpg?03b15b0b70dd9d6b0ad658978e4fc19d\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe above schematic shows the additional components the carrier board incorporates to make the LPS331AP, L3GD20, and LSM303DLHC easier to use, including the voltage regulator that allows the board to be powered from a single 2.5 V to 5.5 V supply and the level-shifter circuit that allows for I²C communication at the same logic voltage level as VIN. This schematic is also available as a downloadable pdf: \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/AltIMU-10_schematic.pdf?file_id=0J624\"\u003eAltIMU-10 schematic\u003c\/a\u003e (193k pdf).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eI²C Communication\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe LPS331AP’s barometer, the L3GD20’s gyro, and the LSM303DLHC’s accelerometer and magnetometer can be queried and configured through the I²C bus. Each of the four sensors acts as a slave device on the same I²C bus (i.e. their clock and data lines are tied together to ease communication). Additionally, level shifters on the I²C clock (SCL) and data lines (SDA) enable I²C communication with microcontrollers operating at the same voltage as VIN (2.5 V to 5.5 V). A detailed explanation of the protocols used by each device can be found in the\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/LPS331AP.pdf?file_id=0J622\"\u003eLPS331AP datasheet\u003c\/a\u003e (453k pdf), the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/L3GD20.pdf?file_id=0J563\"\u003eL3GD20 datasheet\u003c\/a\u003e (2MB pdf), and the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/LSM303DLHC.pdf?file_id=0J564\"\u003eLSM303DLHC datasheet\u003c\/a\u003e (629k pdf). More detailed information about I²C in general can be found in \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/UM10204.pdf?file_id=0J435\"\u003eNXP’s I²C-bus specification\u003c\/a\u003e (371k pdf).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe barometer, gyro, accelerometer, and magnetometer each have separate slave addresses on the I²C bus. The board pulls the SA0 pins on the gyro and barometer high. The following table shows the slave addresses of the four sensors:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eSensor\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eSlave Address\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eGyro (L3GD20)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e1101011b\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eAccelerometer (LSM303DLHC)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0011001b\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eMagnetometer (LSM303DLHC)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0011110b\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eBarometer (LPS331AP)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e1011101b\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn our tests of the AltIMU-10, we were able to communicate with all three chips at clock frequencies up to 400 kHz; higher frequencies might work but were not tested. The chips themselves and carrier board do not meet some of the requirements to make the devices compliant with I²C fast mode. They are missing 50 ns spike suppression on the clock and data lines, and additional pull-ups on the clock and data lines might also be necessary to achieve compliant signal timing characteristics.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSample Code\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe have written a basic LPS331 Arduino library, L3GD20 Arduino library, and LSM303 Arduino library that make it easy to interface the AltIMU-10 with an \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Arduino-Uno-R3\"\u003eArduino\u003c\/a\u003e. They also make it simple to configure the sensors and read the raw pressure, gyro, accelerometer, and magnetometer data.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor a demonstration of what you can do with this data, you can turn an Arduino connected to a AltIMU-10 into an attitude and heading reference system, or AHRS, with this Arduino program. It uses the data from the AltIMU-10 to calculate estimated roll, pitch, and yaw angles, and you can visualize the output of the AHRS with a 3D test program on your PC (as shown in a screenshot above). This software is based on the work of Jordi Munoz, William Premerlani, Jose Julio, and Doug Weibel.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProtocol Hints\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe datasheets provide all the information you need to use the sensors on the AltIMU-10, but picking out the important details can take some time. Here are some pointers for communicating with and configuring the LPS331AP, L3GD20, and LSM303DLHC that we hope will get you up and running a little bit faster:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe pressure sensor, gyro, accelerometer, and magnetometer are all off by default. You have to turn them on by setting the correct configuration registers.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can read or write multiple pressure sensor, gyro, or accelerometer registers in a single I²C command by asserting the most significant bit of the register address to enable address auto-increment.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe magnetometer will not update its data until all 6 data bytes have been read during a single I²C transfer. All the bytes can be read in the same transfer using the magnetometer’s automatic sub-address updating feature (this feature is enabled by default).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe pressure sensor has a 24-bit pressure reading. The gyro, accelerometer, and magnetometer all output readings in a 16-bit \u003cem\u003eformat\u003c\/em\u003e (obtained by combining the values in two 8-bit registers for each axis), but only the gyro readings contain 16 bits of \u003cem\u003eprecision\u003c\/em\u003e. The accelerometer and magnetometer readings contain a maximum of 12 bits of precision; for the accelerometer, at least the lowest 4 bits of the output values are always 0, and for the magnetometer, the highest 4 bits of the output values are always 0.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe accelerometer gives low-resolution 10-bit readings by default (the lowest 6 bits of the output are always 0). To get the full 12-bit resolution, you must set the HR (high resolution) bit in the CTRL_REG4_A register.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe LSM303DLHC combines an accelerometer and a magnetometer made by separate manufacturers into one IC, so there are fairly significant differences in their features, functionality, and interfaces. The interfaces of the LPS331AP and L3GD20 are similar to that of the accelerometer in the LSM303DLHC.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394081014043,"sku":"Pololu-1269","price":5569.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/1269-mainCIt9jLAJCwvDW.jpg?v=1701865216"},{"product_id":"pololu-2133","title":"DRV8825 Stepper Motor Driver Carrier, High Current","description":"\u003cp\u003eDRV8824\/DRV8825 stepper motor driver carrier with dimensions\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOverview\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis product is a carrier board or breakout board for TI’s DRV8825 stepper motor driver; we therefore recommend careful reading of the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/drv8825.pdf?file_id=0J590\"\u003eDRV8825 datasheet\u003c\/a\u003e (1MB pdf) before using this product. This stepper motor driver lets you control one \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/index.php?route=product\/search\u0026amp;search=bipolar%20Stepper%20Motor\"\u003ebipolar stepper motor\u003c\/a\u003e at up to 2.2 A output current per coil (see the \u003cem\u003ePower Dissipation Considerations\u003c\/em\u003e section below for more information). Here are some of the driver’s key features:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSimple step and direction control interface\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSix different step resolutions: full-step, half-step, 1\/4-step, 1\/8-step, 1\/16-step, and 1\/32-step\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdjustable current control lets you set the maximum current output with a potentiometer, which lets you use voltages above your stepper motor’s rated voltage to achieve higher step rates\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntelligent chopping control that automatically selects the correct current decay mode (fast decay or slow decay)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e45 V maximum supply voltage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBuilt-in regulator (no external logic voltage supply needed)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCan interface directly with 3.3 V and 5 V systems\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOver-temperature thermal shutdown, over-current shutdown, and under-voltage lockout\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShort-to-ground and shorted-load protection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4-layer, 2 oz copper PCB for improved heat dissipation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExposed solderable ground pad below the driver IC on the bottom of the PCB\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eModule size, pinout, and interface match those of our \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/A4988-Stepper-Motor-Driver-Carrier\"\u003eA4988 stepper motor driver carriers\u003c\/a\u003e in most respects (see the bottom of this page for more information)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe also carry a \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/DRV8824-Stepper-Motor-Driver-Carrier-Low-Current\"\u003eDRV8824 stepper motor driver carrier\u003c\/a\u003e that can serve as a direct substitute for the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/DRV8825-Stepper-Motor-Driver-Carrier-High-Current\"\u003eDRV8825\u003c\/a\u003e carrier when using lower-current stepper motors. The DRV8824 can only deliver up to 0.75 A per coil without a heat sink (1.2 A max with proper cooling), but it has larger current-sense resistors that allow for better microstepping performance than the DRV8825 carrier at low currents. The only way to tell our DRV8824 carrier apart from the DRV8825 carrier is by the markings on the driver IC; if you have a mix of the two, you might consider marking them (there is a blank square on the bottom silkscreen you can use for this). For lower-voltage applications, consider our pin-compatible \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/DRV8834-Low-Voltage-Stepper-Motor-Driver-Carrier\"\u003eDRV8834 carrier\u003c\/a\u003e, which works with motor supply voltages as low as 2.5 V.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis product ships with all surface-mount components—including the DRV8825 driver IC—installed as shown in the product picture.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome unipolar stepper motors (e.g. those with six or eight leads) can be controlled by this driver as bipolar stepper motors. For more information, please see the frequently asked questions. Unipolar motors with five leads cannot be used with this driver.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIncluded hardware\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe DRV8825 stepper motor driver carrier ships with one 1×16-pin breakaway\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pin-Headers-Straight\"\u003e 0.1\" male header\u003c\/a\u003e. The headers can be soldered in for use with \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Breadboard-GL-12\"\u003esolderless breadboards\u003c\/a\u003e or \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Female-Header-40pin\"\u003e0.1\" female connectors\u003c\/a\u003e. You can also solder your motor leads and other connections directly to the board.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCaution:\u003c\/strong\u003e Installing the header pins so that the silkscreen side is up and the components are down can limit the range of motion of the trimpot used to set the current limit. If you plan on installing the header pins in this orientation, please set the current limit before soldering in the pins.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUsing the driver\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMinimal wiring diagram for connecting a microcontroller to a DRV8824\/DRV8825 stepper motor driver carrier (full-step mode).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePower connections\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe driver requires a motor supply voltage of 8.2 – 45 V to be connected across VMOT and GND. This supply should have appropriate decoupling capacitors close to the board, and it should be capable of delivering the expected stepper motor current.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning:\u003c\/strong\u003e This carrier board uses low-ESR ceramic capacitors, which makes it susceptible to destructive LC voltage spikes, especially when using power leads longer than a few inches. Under the right conditions, these spikes can exceed the 45 V maximum voltage rating for the DRV8825 and permanently damage the board, even when the motor supply voltage is as low as 12 V. One way to protect the driver from such spikes is to put a large (at least 47 µF) electrolytic capacitor across motor power (VMOT) and ground somewhere close to the board.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMotor connections\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFour, six, and eight-wire stepper motors can be driven by the DRV8825 if they are properly connected; a FAQ answer explains the proper wirings in detail.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning:\u003c\/strong\u003e Connecting or disconnecting a stepper motor while the driver is powered can destroy the driver. (More generally, rewiring anything while it is powered is asking for trouble.)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStep (and microstep) size\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStepper motors typically have a step size specification (e.g. 1.8° or 200 steps per revolution), which applies to full steps. A microstepping driver such as the DRV8825 allows higher resolutions by allowing intermediate step locations, which are achieved by energizing the coils with intermediate current levels. For instance, driving a motor in quarter-step mode will give the 200-step-per-revolution motor 800 microsteps per revolution by using four different current levels.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe resolution (step size) selector inputs (MODE0, MODE1, and MODE2) enable selection from the six step resolutions according to the table below. All three selector inputs have internal 100kΩ pull-down resistors, so leaving these three microstep selection pins disconnected results in full-step mode. For the microstep modes to function correctly, the current limit must be set low enough (see below) so that current limiting gets engaged. Otherwise, the intermediate current levels will not be correctly maintained, and the motor will skip microsteps.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMODE0MODE1MODE2Microstep Resolution\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLowLowLowFull step\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHighLowLowHalf step\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLowHighLow1\/4 step\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHighHighLow1\/8 step\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLowLowHigh1\/16 step\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHighLowHigh1\/32 step\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLowHighHigh1\/32 step\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHighHighHigh1\/32 step\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eControl inputs\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEach pulse to the STEP input corresponds to one microstep of the stepper motor in the direction selected by the DIR pin. These inputs are both pulled low by default through internal 100kΩ pull-down resistors. If you just want rotation in a single direction, you can leave DIR disconnected.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe chip has three different inputs for controlling its power states: RESET, SLEEP, and ENBL. For details about these power states, see the datasheet. Please note that the driver pulls the SLEEP pin low through an internal 1MΩ pull-down resistor, and it pulls the RESET and ENBL pins low through internal 100kΩ pull-down resistors. These default RESET and SLEEP states are ones that prevent the driver from operating; both of these pins must be high to enable the driver (they can be connected directly to a logic “high” voltage between 2.2 and 5.25 V, or they can be dynamically controlled via connections to digital outputs of an MCU). The default state of the ENBL pin is to enable the driver, so this pin can be left disconnected.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSchematic of nSLEEP and nFAULT pins on DRV8824\/DRV8825\/DRV8834 carriers.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe DRV8825 also features a FAULT output that drives low whenever the H-bridge FETs are disabled as the result of over-current protection or thermal shutdown. The carrier board connects this pin to the SLEEP pin through a 10k resistor that acts as a FAULT pull-up whenever SLEEP is externally held high, so no external pull-up is necessary on the FAULT pin. Note that the carrier includes a 1.5k protection resistor in series with the FAULT pin that makes it is safe to connect this pin directly to a logic voltage supply, as might happen if you use this board in a system designed for the pin-compatible \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/A4988-Stepper-Motor-Driver-Carrier\"\u003eA4988 carrier\u003c\/a\u003e. In such a system, the 10k resistor between SLEEP and FAULT would then act as a pull-up for SLEEP, making the DRV8825 carrier more of a direct replacement for the A4988 in such systems (the A4988 has an internal pull-up on its SLEEP pin). This 10k resistor is not present on the initial (md20a) version of the DRV8825 carrier. To keep faults from pulling down the SLEEP pin, any external pull-up resistor you add to the SLEEP pin input should not exceed 4.7k.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCurrent limiting\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo achieve high step rates, the motor supply is typically much higher than would be permissible without active current limiting. For instance, a typical stepper motor might have a maximum current rating of 1 A with a 5Ω coil resistance, which would indicate a maximum motor supply of 5 V. Using such a motor with 12 V would allow higher step rates, but the current must actively be limited to under 1 A to prevent damage to the motor.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe DRV8825 supports such active current limiting, and the trimmer potentiometer on the board can be used to set the current limit. You will typically want to set the driver’s current limit to be at or below the current rating of your stepper motor. One way to set the current limit is to put the driver into full-step mode and to measure the current running through a single motor coil without clocking the STEP input. The measured current will be 0.7 times the current limit (since both coils are always on and limited to approximately 70% of the current limit setting in full-step mode).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother way to set the current limit is to measure the voltage on the “ref” pin and to calculate the resulting current limit (the current sense resistors are \u003cstrong\u003e0.100Ω\u003c\/strong\u003e). The ref pin voltage is accessible on a via that is circled on the bottom silkscreen of the circuit board. The current limit relates to the reference voltage as follows:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCurrent Limit = VREF × 2\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo, for example, if you have a stepper motor rated for 1 A, you can set the current limit to 1 A by setting the reference voltage to 0.5 V.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e The coil current can be very different from the power supply current, so you should not use the current measured at the power supply to set the current limit. The appropriate place to put your current meter is in series with one of your stepper motor coils.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePower dissipation considerations\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe DRV8825 driver IC has a maximum current rating of 2.5 A per coil, but the current sense resistors further limit the maximum current to 2.2 A, and the actual current you can deliver depends on how well you can keep the IC cool. The carrier’s printed circuit board is designed to draw heat out of the IC, but to supply more than approximately 1.5 A per coil, a heat sink or other cooling method is required.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis product can get \u003cstrong\u003ehot\u003c\/strong\u003e enough to burn you long before the chip overheats. Take care when handling this product and other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlease note that measuring the current draw at the power supply will generally not provide an accurate measure of the coil current. Since the input voltage to the driver can be significantly higher than the coil voltage, the measured current on the power supply can be quite a bit lower than the coil current (the driver and coil basically act like a switching step-down power supply). Also, if the supply voltage is very high compared to what the motor needs to achieve the set current, the duty cycle will be very low, which also leads to significant differences between average and RMS currents. Additionally, please note that the coil current is a function of the set current limit, but it does not necessarily \u003cem\u003eequal\u003c\/em\u003e the current limit setting. The actual current through each coil changes with each microstep. See the DRV8825 datasheet for more information.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSchematic diagram\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSchematic diagram for the DRV8824\/DRV8825 stepper motor driver carrier.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe current sense resistors (R2 and R3) on the DRV8825 carrier are 0.100 Ω. This schematic is also available as adownloadable pdf (196k pdf).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKey differences between the DRV8825 and A4988\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe DRV8825 carrier was designed to be as similar to our \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/A4988-Stepper-Motor-Driver-Carrier\"\u003eA4988 stepper motor driver carriers\u003c\/a\u003e as possible, and it can be used as a drop in replacement for the A4988 carrier in many applications because it shares the same size, pinout, and general control interface. There are a few differences between the two modules that should be noted, however:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDRV8825 stepper motor driver carrier.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA4988 stepper motor driver carrier, Black Edition\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe pin used to supply logic voltage to the A4988 is used as the DRV8825’s FAULT output, since the DRV8825 does not require a logic supply (and the A4988 does not have a fault output). Note that it is safe to connect the FAULT pin directly to a logic supply (there is a 1.5k resistor between the IC output and the pin to protect it), so the DRV8825 module can be used in systems designed for the A4988 that route logic power to this pin.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe SLEEP pin on the DRV8825 is not pulled up by default like it is on the A4988, but the carrier board does connect it to the FAULT pin through a 10k resistor. Therefore, systems intended for the A4988 that route logic power to the FAULT pin will effectively have a 10k pull-up on the SLEEP pin. (This 10k resistor is not present on the initial (md20a) version of the DRV8825 carrier.)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe current limit potentiometer is in a different location.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe relationship between the current limit setting and the reference pin voltage is different.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe DRV8825 offers 1\/32-step microstepping; the A4988 only goes down to 1\/16-step.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe mode selection pin inputs corresponding to 1\/16-step on the A4988 result in 1\/32-step microstepping on the DRV8825. For all other microstepping resolutions, the step selection table is the same for both the DRV8825 and the A4988.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe timing requirements for minimum pulse durations on the STEP pin are different for the two drivers. With the DRV8825, the high and low STEP pulses must each be at least 1.9 us; they can be as short as 1 us when using the A4988.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe DRV8825 has a higher maximum supply voltage than the A4988 (45 V vs 35 V), which means the DRV8825 can be used more safely at higher voltages and is less susceptible to damage from LC voltage spikes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe DRV8825 can deliver more current than the A4988 without any additional cooling (based on our full-step tests: 1.5 A per coil for the DRV8825 vs 1.2 A per coil for the A4988 Black Edition and 1 A per coil for the original A4988 carrier).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe DRV8825 uses a different naming convention for the stepper motor outputs, but they are functionally the same as the corresponding pins on the A4988 carrier, so the same connections to both drivers result in the same stepper motor behavior. On both boards, the first part of the label identifies the coil (so you have coils “A” and “B” on the DRV8825 and coils “1” and “2” on the A4988).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor those with color-sensitive applications, note that the DRV8825 carrier is purple.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn summary, the DRV8825 carrier is similar enough to our A4988 carriers that the minimum connection diagram for the A4988 is a valid alternate way to connect the DRV8825 to a microcontroller as well:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlternative minimal wiring diagram for connecting a microcontroller to a DRV8824\/DRV8825 stepper motor driver carrier (full-step mode).\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394081079579,"sku":"Pololu-2133","price":2219.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/0J4231-600x480SV6LyoMXmciDr.jpg?v=1701865226"},{"product_id":"pololu-1419","title":"Zumo Reflectance Sensor Array","description":"\u003ctable style=\"width: 300px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J4208\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4208.300.jpg?4f789aee62086b2a6b0bb07acd0cb1ef\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003eZumo reflectance sensor array with labeled sensors and dimensions.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Zumo reflectance sensor array provides an easy way to add line sensing or edge detection to a \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Zumo-Robot-Kit-for-Arduino-No-Motors\"\u003eZumo robot\u003c\/a\u003e. It features six separate reflectance sensors, each consisting of an IR emitter coupled with a phototransistor that responds based on how much emitter light is reflected back to it. The two outside sensors are positioned at the very edges of the module to maximize their usefulness as edge detectors (e.g. for seeing the white edge of a sumo ring) while the four inner sensors are closer together for better detecting lines. This sensor is included with the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Zumo-Robot-for-Arduino-Assembled-with-75-1-HP-Motors\"\u003eassembled version\u003c\/a\u003e of the Zumo robot, but not with the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Zumo-Robot-Kit-for-Arduino-No-Motors\"\u003ekit version\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe sensor array plugs into the front expansion header of the Zumo shield, which provides it with power and the necessary I\/O connections. The default I\/O connections are to pins that are otherwise unused by the Zumo shield, but the sensor module makes it possible to remap these pins or disconnect specific sensors altogether to free up I\/O lines. Please see the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J57\/2.c\"\u003eZumo Shield user’s guide\u003c\/a\u003e for detailed information about assembly and use with the Zumo robot.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 300px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J4213\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4213.300.jpg?76fc1c6768cf93d73c3a6d49f03cae3d\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eZumo reflectance sensor array on a Zumo robot.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 276px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J4214\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4214.276.jpg?e87c9a8a1634b2a233a8d390269cfcf2\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eZumo reflectance sensor array on a Zumo robot, bottom view.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eIncluded components\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Zumo reflectance sensor array ships with all of the components you need to connect it to a Zumo shield:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J4209\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4209.276.jpg?5df13c51bd173d137e3020d4857d2c61\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 276px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J4212\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4212.276.jpg?96414348ebcf9fa3db2e2270027c8f41\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eZumo reflectance sensor array assembled with included male header pins.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe short ends of the extended 2×12 male header strip should be soldered to the board as shown above (with the solder joints made on the component side of the array). The included 2×12 female header should be soldered to the front expansion area of the Zumo shield as described in the Zumo shield user’s guide. The array also ships with two 1×3 male headers: a straight version and a right-angle version. You can optionally solder the 1×3 header of your choice to the set of three holes along the edge of the board and use the included shorting block to connect the appropriate I\/O line to the LEDON pin for dynamic control of the IR emitters (note: it is generally easier to install the 3-pin header before the larger 24-pin header). If you are content just having the IR emitters on all the time, you can skip installation of the 1×3 header. The assembled picture above shows the right-angle header installed.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eHow it works\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J4215\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4215.201.png?24797a96f23abc1ee93d44bdc7303d52\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 200px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J632\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J632.200.jpg?54be80af7706b78d436d7bd67ce715e7\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003eQTR-1RC output (yellow) when 1\/8\" above a black line and microcontroller timing of that output (blue).\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe array uses the same sensor modules as our \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/index.php?route=product\/search\u0026amp;search=%20QTR\"\u003eQTR reflectance sensors\u003c\/a\u003e and has the same principle of operation as our \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/QTR-8RC-Reflectance-Sensor-Array\"\u003eQTR-8RC version\u003c\/a\u003e each phototransistor is part of a capacitor discharge circuit that allows a digital I\/O line to take an analog reading of the reflected IR by measuring the discharge time of the capacitor. Shorter capacitor discharge time is an indication of greater reflection (e.g. as from a whiter surface). The procedure for reading each sensor is as follows:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTurn on IR LEDs (optional)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMake the I\/O line connected to that sensor an output and drive it high\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWait several microseconds to give the 1 nF capacitor node time to reach 5 V\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMake the I\/O line an input (with internal pull-up disabled)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMeasure the time for the capacitor node to discharge by waiting for the I\/O line to go low\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTurn off IR LEDs (optional)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese steps can typically be executed in parallel for all six sensors. Our Zumo Arduino library provides functions for reading the sensors and controlling the emitters (as well as high-level functions for taking calibrated readings and determining the position of a line), so you do not have to program this sequence of steps yourself.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith a strong reflectance, the discharge time can be as low as several dozen microseconds; with no reflectance, the discharge time can be up to a few milliseconds. Meaningful results can be available within 1 ms in typical cases (i.e. when not trying to measure subtle differences in low-reflectance scenarios), allowing up to 1 kHz sampling of all 6 sensors. If lower-frequency sampling is sufficient, substantial power savings can be realized by turning off the LEDs. For example, if a 100 Hz sampling rate is acceptable, the LEDs can be off 90% of the time, lowering average current consumption from 40 mA to 4 mA.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo minimize the required emitter current, the IR LEDs are arranged in two parallel chains of three and powered from the Zumo shield’s boosted 7.45 V. Each chain of emitters is wired in series with a red LED, making it possible to tell when current is flowing through that chain (it is not possible to tell if the IR LEDs are on by looking at them with the unaided eye). All of the IR emitter LEDs are controlled by a single MOSFET that is gated by a digital LEDON input that enables the emitters when left disconnected or driven high. If this input is driven low, the emitters are disabled. Turning the LEDs off might be advantageous for limiting power consumption when the sensors are not in use or for varying the effective brightness of the LEDs through PWM control. Additionally, reading the sensors with the emitters turned off makes it possible to detect (and potentially compensate for) any ambient IR that might be interfering with readings. When the emitters are on, the sensor array draws approximately 40 mA.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eSchematic diagram\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4211.650.jpg?74cda57ee11316a86977e1f6cd03b4ea\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis schematic diagram is also available as a \u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/zumo-reflectance-sensor-array-schematic-diagram.pdf?file_id=0J602\"\u003edownloadable pdf\u003c\/a\u003e (211k pdf)\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394081145115,"sku":"Pololu-1419","price":1729.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/1419-26yH1fc7Bg8qT1.jpg?v=1701865235"},{"product_id":"pololu-1608","title":"Parallax ColorPAL","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDescription\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Parallax ColorPAL combines an RGB LED, a light sensor, and a microcontroller to make a color sensor that can also be used as an ambient light detector and a color generator. Readings are reported via a 1-wire asynchronous serial interface.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOverview\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe ColorPAL from Parallax is a miniature color and light sensor that can double as a color generator with its RGB LED. When sensing color, the ColorPAL uses its LED to illuminate a sample one color component at a time while measuring the light reflected back with a broad-spectrum light-to-voltage converter. The amount of light reflected from the sample under illumination from each red, green, and blue LED can be used to determine the sample’s color. For the ColorPAL to detect the color of a subject, the subject must be reflective and non-fluorescent. The color of objects that emit light (e.g. LEDs) cannot be detected.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFeatures\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDetects a wide range of colors and outputs data as 10-bit RGB (Red\/Green\/Blue) components.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDetects broad-spectrum ambient light with sensitivity down to 44µW\/cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e per lsb.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGenerates 24-bit color using onboard RGB LED.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePlugs into servo headers or cables or solderless breadboards.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSingle-pin interface uses a simple serial protocol to define and initiate color detection and generation.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eColor detection and generation details handled by onboard microcontroller.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnboard EEPROM for saving custom color detection and generation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutorun feature permits running a pre-designated EEPROM program with only a power supply.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePower requirements: 5.0 VDC\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCommunication: 1-wire serial (asynchronous, non-inverted, open-drain serial protocol) with automatic baud rate detection from 2400 – 7200 bps\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimensions: 1.72 × 0.90 × 0.65 in (44 × 23 × 17 mm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCommunication\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCommunication with the ColorPAL takes place using serial I\/O, transmitting and receiving at between 2400 and 7200 baud, using a \u003cstrong\u003enon-inverted\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eopen-drain\u003c\/strong\u003e protocol. The ColorPAL includes a pull-up resistor to Vdd, so you do not need to apply one externally. Because of the open-drain protocol, \u003cem\u003ethe pin used to communicate with the ColorPAL should always be configured as an input, except when being driven low.\u003c\/em\u003eAlso, when starting up, you should wait for this pin to be pulled high by the ColorPAL before trying to send it any commands. Please see the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/28380ColorPAL.pdf?file_id=0J306\"\u003euser’s manual\u003c\/a\u003e (297k pdf) for more information.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394081177883,"sku":"Pololu-1608","price":2969.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/1608-mainBN9DgMCKv81gg.jpg?v=1701865238"},{"product_id":"pololu-1685","title":"Tamiya 70192 Slick Tire Set (4 tires)","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Tamiya slick tire set contains four wheels with arched tires, each with a diameter of 31 mm (1.2\") and a width of 10 mm (0.4\"). These wheels are compatible with Tamiya gearbox kits with 3mm-hex shafts\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Tamiya 70192 slick tire set includes the following:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFour arched tires: 31 mm diameter, 10 mm wide\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFour wheels for use with 3 mm hex shafts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOne 3 mm hex shaft, 60 mm (2.36\") long\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese wheels are especially good for use with the Tamiya mini motor 4-speed, 8-speed, and 12-speed gearboxes.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394081308955,"sku":"Pololu-1685","price":519.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/1685-main2s7NSGDD18et0.jpg?v=1701865241"},{"product_id":"pololu-62","title":"Tamiya 70111 Sports Tire Set (2 tires)","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Tamiya 70111 sports tire set contains two attractive racing-style wheels, each 56 mm in diameter and 25 mm wide. These wheels are compatible with all Tamiya gearbox kits.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Tamiya 70111 sports tire set includes the following:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo wheels: 56 mm diameter, 25 mm wide\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo hubs for use with round 4 mm shafts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo hubs for use with 3 mm hex shafts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAssorted nuts and screws\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWrench for changing the hubs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDimensions\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eSize:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e56 x 25 mm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394081341723,"sku":"Pololu-62","price":869.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/62-mainqXkVcgnOjhySg.jpg?v=1701865244"},{"product_id":"pololu-2562","title":"Pololu 5V Step-Up Voltage Regulator U1V11F5","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOverview\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis 5 V boost (step-up) voltage regulator generates higher output voltages from input voltages as low as 0.5 V, and it also automatically switches to a linear down-regulation mode when the input voltage exceeds the output. This makes it great for powering 5 V electronics projects from 1 to 3 NiMH, NiCd, or alkaline cells or from a single lithium-ion cell. Additionally, unlike most boost regulators, this unit offers a true shutdown option that turns off power to the load (with typical boost regulators, the input voltage will pass directly through to te output when they are disabled).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen boosting, this module acts as a switching regulator (also called switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converters) and has a typical efficiency between 70% to 90%. The available output current is a function of the input voltage, output voltage, and efficiency (see \u003cem\u003eTypical Efficiency and Output Current\u003c\/em\u003e section below), but the input current can typically be as high as 1.2 A. This regulator is also available with a fixed 3.3 V or \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/index.php?route=product\/product\u0026amp;product_id=2070\u0026amp;search=Pololu+Adjustable+Step-Up+Voltage+Regulator+U1V11A\"\u003eadjustable\u003c\/a\u003e output, and very similar regulators are available in a much smaller size with afixed 3.3 V or fixed 5 V output.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulator’s thermal shutdown engages at around 140°C and helps prevent damage from overheating, but it does \u003cstrong\u003enot\u003c\/strong\u003e have short-circuit or reverse-voltage protection.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 213px;\" border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 205px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4609.250.jpg?afee1cf27e8222b57a968fa8f786786d\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFeatures\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput voltage: 0.5 V to 5.5 V\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFixed 5 V output with 4% accuracy\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTrue shutdown option that turns off power to the load\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomatic linear down-regulation when the input voltage is greater than the output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.2 A switch allows for input currents up to 1.2 A\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGood efficiency at light load: \u0026lt;1 mA typical no-load quiescent current, though it can exceed 1 mA for very low input voltages (\u0026lt;100 μA typical quiescent current with SHDN = LOW)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrated over-temperature shutoff\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSmall size: 0.45″ × 0.6″; × 0.1″ (12 × 15 × 3 mm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUsing the Regulator\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConnections\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe boost regulator has four connections: shutdown (SHDN), input voltage (VIN), ground (GND), and output voltage (VOUT).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe SHDN can be driven low (typically under 0.4 V) to power down the regulator and turn off power to the load (unlike most boost regulators, the input power does not pass through to the output when the board is disabled). This pin is internally pulled up to VIN through an 100 kΩ resistor, so it can be left disconnected or connected directly to VIN if you do not need to use the disable feature. The disable threshold is a function of the input voltage as follows:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor VIN \u0026lt; 0.8 V, SHDN voltage must be below 0.1×VIN to disable the regulator and above 0.9×VIN to enable it.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor 0.8 V ≤ VIN ≤ 1.5 V, SHDN voltage must be below 0.2×VIN to disable the regulator and above 0.8×VIN to enable it.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor VIN \u0026gt; 1.5 V, SHDN voltage must be below 0.4 V to disable the regulator and above 1.2 V to enable it.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe input voltage, VIN, must be at least 0.5 V for the regulator to turn on. However, once the regulator is on, the input voltage can drop as low as 0.3 V and the 5 V output voltage will be maintained on VOUT. Unlike standard boost regulators, this regulator has an additional linear down-regulation mode that allows it to convert input voltages as high as 5.5 V down to 5 V for small to moderate sized loads (for example, in our tests, the \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/index.php?route=product\/product\u0026amp;product_id=2070\u0026amp;search=Pololu+Adjustable+Step-Up+Voltage+Regulator+U1V11A\"\u003eadjustable version\u003c\/a\u003e of this regulator was able to supply 300 mA while converting an input of 5.5 V down to 1.8 V). When the input voltage exceeds 5 V, the regulator automatically switches to this down-regulation mode. The input voltage should not exceed 5.5 V. Please be wary of destructive LC spikes that might cause the input voltage to surpass 5.5 V (see below for more information).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe four connections are labeled on the back side of the PCB, and they are arranged with a 0.1″ spacing along the edge of the board for compatibility with solderless \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/index.php?route=product\/search\u0026amp;search=breadboard\"\u003ebreadboards\u003c\/a\u003e, connectors, and other prototyping arrangements that use a 0.1″ grid. You can solder wires directly to the board or solder in either the 4×1 \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pin-Headers-Straight\"\u003estraight male header strip\u003c\/a\u003e or the 4×1 \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Right-angled-pin-Headers-40-pin\"\u003eright-angle male header strip\u003c\/a\u003e that is included.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4610.300.jpg?d2954197382597f80f8aa61a63e59061\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTypical Efficiency and Output Current\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns. As shown in the graphs below, this switching regulator typically has an efficiency of 70 to 90%.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4607.400.jpg?4d405753ef7bf3f0dd47704dc3ed94ba\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe maximum achievable output current is approximately proportional to the ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage. If the \u003cem\u003einput\u003c\/em\u003ecurrent exceeds the switch current limit (typically somewhere between 1.2 and 1.5 A), the output voltage will begin to drop. Additionally, the maximum output current can depend on other factors, including the ambient temperature, air flow, and heat sinking.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLC Voltage Spikes\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen connecting voltage to electronic circuits, the initial rush of current can cause damaging voltage spikes that are much higher than the input voltage. In our tests with typical power leads (~30″ test clips), input voltages above 4.5 V caused voltage spikes that could potentially damage the regulator. You can suppress such spikes by soldering a 33 μF or larger electrolytic capacitor close to the regulator between VIN and GND.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore information about LC spikes can be found in our application note, Understanding Destructive LC Voltage Spikes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eSize:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.45″ × 0.6″ × 0.1″\u003csup\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/product\/2562\/specs#note1\"\u003e1\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGeneral specifications\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eMinimum operating voltage:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.5 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eMaximum operating voltage:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e5.5 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eMaximum input current:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e1.2 A\u003csup\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/product\/2562\/specs#note2\"\u003e2\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eOutput voltage:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e5 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eReverse voltage protection?:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eN\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eMaximum quiescent current:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e3 mA\u003csup\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/product\/2562\/specs#note3\"\u003e3\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003cstrong style=\"font-size: 13px;\"\u003eNotes:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Without included optional headers.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Regulator may overheat at lower input currents when VIN is much lower than VOUT. Available output current is a function of VIN, VOUT, and the regulator efficiency.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. The highest quiescent currents occur at very low input voltages; for most of the input voltage range, the quiescent current is well below 1 mA.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394081374491,"sku":"Pololu-2562","price":989.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/2562-mainIHCxvs7sUYXOO.jpg?v=1701865247"},{"product_id":"pololu-2273","title":"34:1 Metal Gearmotor 25Dx52L mm HP with 48 CPR Encoder","description":"\u003ch2\u003eGearmotor Options\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis brushed DC gearmotor is available in high- and low-power versions in a number of gear ratios. The motor and encoder portions are available by themselves (i.e. without the gearbox), and many other gear ratios are also available without an encoder.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.9458in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGear Ratio\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.8861in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNo-Load\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpeed\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e@ 6 V\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.0444in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStall Torque\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e@ 6 V\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.1381in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStall Current\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e@ 6 V\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.6562in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg style=\"height: auto; margin: 0px;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/0J3799.100.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWith Encoder\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.402in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg style=\"height: auto; margin: 0px;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/0J2644.100.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWithout Encoder\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .9458in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1:1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .8861in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9800 RPM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.0444in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2 oz-in\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.1381in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6 A\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.6562in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003emotor without gearbox\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.402in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .9458in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.8861in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5600 RPM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.0444in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1 oz-in\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.1381in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.2 A\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.6562in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003emotor without gearbox\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.402in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .9458in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4.4:1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .8861in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2220 RPM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.0444in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8 oz-in\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.1381in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6 A\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.6562in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx48L mm HP\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.402in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx48L mm HP\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .9458in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.8861in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1280 RPM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.0444in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5 oz-in\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.1381in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.2 A\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.6562in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.402in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx48L mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .9458in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9.7:1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .8861in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1010 RPM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.0444in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e17 oz-in\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.1381in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6 A\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.6562in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx48L mm HP\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.402in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx48L mm HP\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .9458in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.8861in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e580 RPM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.0444in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e11 oz-in\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.1381in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.2 A\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.6562in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx48L mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.402in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx48L mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .9458in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e20.4:1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .8861in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e480 RPM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.0444in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e36 oz-in\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.1381in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6 A\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.6562in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.402in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx50L mm HP\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .9458in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.8861in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e275 RPM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.0444in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e24 oz-in\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.1381in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.2 A\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.6562in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.402in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx50L mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .9458in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e34:1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .8861in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e285 RPM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.0444in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e60 oz-in\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.1381in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6 A\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.6562in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx52L mm HP\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.402in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx52L mm HP\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .9458in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.8861in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e165 RPM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.0444in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e40 oz-in\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.1381in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.2 A\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.6562in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx52L mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.402in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx52L mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .9458in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e47:1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .8861in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e210 RPM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.0444in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e80 oz-in\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.1381in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6 A\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.6562in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx52L mm HP\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.402in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx52L mm HP\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .9458in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.8861in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e120 RPM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.0444in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e50 oz-in\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.1381in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.2 A\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.6562in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx52L mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.402in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx52L mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .9458in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e75:1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .8861in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e130 RPM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.0444in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e130 oz-in\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.1381in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6 A\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.6562in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx54L mm HP\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.402in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx54L mm HP\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .9458in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.8861in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e75 RPM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.0444in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e85 oz-in\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.1381in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.2 A\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.6562in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx54L mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.402in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx54L mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .9458in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e99:1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .8861in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e100 RPM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.0444in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e160 oz-in\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.1381in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6 A\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.6562in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx54L mm HP\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.402in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx54L mm HP\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .9458in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.8861in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e57 RPM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.0444in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e110 oz-in\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.1381in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.2 A\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.6562in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.402in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx54L mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .9458in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e172:1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .8861in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e57 RPM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.0444in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e260 oz-in\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.1381in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6 A\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.6562in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.402in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx56L mm HP\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .9458in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.8861in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e33 RPM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.0444in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e170 oz-in\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.1381in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.2 A\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.6562in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx56L mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.402in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx56L mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .9458in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e227:1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .8861in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25 RPM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.0444in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e220 oz-in\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.1381in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.2 A\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.6562in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.402in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx56L mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.9458in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e378:1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.8861in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e15 RPM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.0444in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e250 oz-in\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.1381in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.2 A\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.6562in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 1.402in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx58L mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .9458in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e499:1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .8861in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e12 RPM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.0444in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e300 oz-in\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.1381in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.2 A\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.6562in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 1.402in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25Dx58L mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese motors are intended for use at 6 V. In general, these kinds of motors can run at voltages above and below this nominal voltage, so they should comfortably operate in the 3 – 9 V range, though they can begin rotating at voltages as low as 1 V. Higher voltages could start negatively affecting the life of the motor.\u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e At some of the higher gear ratios, these motors can generate enough torque to damage themselves. Any torque greater than about 250 oz-in (18 kg-cm) is likely to damage the gearbox, so we recommend that you avoid stalling the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/catalog\/product\/1577\"\u003e172:1 HP\u003c\/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/catalog\/product\/1589\"\u003e227:1\u003c\/a\u003e,\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/catalog\/product\/1590\"\u003e378:1\u003c\/a\u003e, and \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/catalog\/product\/1591\"\u003e499:1\u003c\/a\u003e versions of these motors at 6 V.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eGearmotor Dimensions\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese gearmotors have output shafts with a diameter of 4 mm. The \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-Universal-Aluminum-Mounting-Hub-for-4mm-Shaft\"\u003ePololu universal aluminum mounting hub for 4mm shafts\u003c\/a\u003e can be used to mount our larger \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/14-4-5mm-Wheel-Pair-for-Sub-Micro-Plastic-Planetary-Gearmotors\"\u003ePololu wheels\u003c\/a\u003e (60mm-, 70mm-, 80mm-, and 90mm-diameter) or custom wheels and mechanisms to the gearmotor’s output shaft (see the left picture below). These are the same type of motors used in the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/catalog\/product\/1563\"\u003eWild Thumper all-terrain chassis\u003c\/a\u003e, and the gearbox’s output shaft works directly with the 120mm-diameter \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/catalog\/product\/1558\"\u003eWild Thumper wheels\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 250px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J3479\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J3479.250.jpg?058e337a8c60f0a5b697720e094fad21\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003e25D mm metal gear motor with 48 CPR encoder and Pololu 60×8mm wheel.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe face plate has two mounting holes threaded for M3 screws. You can use our custom-designed\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-25D-mm-Metal-Gearmotor-Bracket-Pair\"\u003e25D mm metal gearmotor bracket\u003c\/a\u003e (shown in the picture below) to mount the gearmotor to your project via these mounting holes and the screws that come with the bracket.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 250px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J3048\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J3048.250.jpg?9a8c75c695fbf3273acd202a43ce06b2\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003ePololu 25D mm gearmotor with bracket.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe diagram below shows the dimensions (in mm) of the 25D mm line of gearmotors. The value of \u003ccode\u003eL\u003c\/code\u003eis shown in the table below.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 519px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2635.519.jpg?6c296a42e1a68dd0ef5314c39211c9e2\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eDimension diagram (in mm) for the 25D mm metal gearmotors.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eGear Ratio\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eL (mm)\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e4.4:1\u003cbr\u003e 9.7:1\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e17\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e20.4:1\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e19\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e34.1\u003cbr\u003e 47:1\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e21\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e75:1\u003cbr\u003e 99:1\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e23\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e172:1\u003cbr\u003e 227:1\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e25\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e378:1\u003cbr\u003e 499:1\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e27\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 250px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J3798\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J3798.250.jpg?b2703b94b8aab8b42a4251cffb3a0aef\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e25D mm metal gearmotor with 48 CPR encoder: close-up view of encoder.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eUsing the Encoder\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA two-channel Hall effect encoder is used to sense the rotation of a magnetic disk on a rear protrusion of the motor shaft. The quadrature encoder provides a resolution of 48 counts per revolution of the motor shaft when counting both edges of both channels. To compute the counts per revolution of the gearbox output, multiply the gear ratio by 48. The motor\/encoder has six color-coded, 11\" (28 cm) leads terminated by a 1×6 female header with a 0.1″ pitch, as shown in the main product picture. This header works with standard \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pin-Headers-Straight\"\u003e0.1″ male headers\u003c\/a\u003e and our male \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/catalog\/category\/65\"\u003ejumper\u003c\/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Jumper-Wire-50-Piece-Rainbow-Assortment-M-F-6\"\u003e and\u003c\/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/catalog\/category\/71\"\u003eprecrimped wires\u003c\/a\u003e. If this header is not convenient for your application, you can pull the crimped wires out of the header or cut the header off. The following table describes the wire functions:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: .6868in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eColor\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; border-color: #A3A3A3; vertical-align: top; width: 3.6784in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunction\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.6868in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRed\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 3.6784in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003emotor power (connects to one motor terminal)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.6868in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBlack\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 3.6784in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003emotor power (connects to the other motor terminal)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.6868in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGreen\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 3.6784in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eencoder GND\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.6868in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBlue\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 3.6784in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eencoder Vcc (3.5 – 20 V)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.6868in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYellow\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 3.6784in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eencoder A output\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 0.6868in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhite\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 3.6784in;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eencoder B output\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Hall sensor requires an input voltage, Vcc, between 3.5 and 20 V and draws a maximum of 10 mA. The A and B outputs are square waves from 0 V to Vcc approximately 90° out of phase. The frequency of the transitions tells you the speed of the motor, and the order of the transitions tells you the direction. The following oscilloscope capture shows the A and B (yellow and white) encoder outputs using a motor voltage of 6 V and a Hall sensor Vcc of 5 V:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 600px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J3481.600.jpg?2fae391adeae87b6c5755330c0fd5d2a\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eEncoder A and B outputs for 25D mm HP metal gearmotor with 48 CPR encoder (motor running at 6 V).\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy counting both the rising and falling edges of both the A and B outputs, it is possible to get 48 counts per revolution of the motor shaft. Using just a single edge of one channel results in 12 counts per revolution of the motor shaft, so the frequency of the A output in the above oscilloscope capture is 12 times the motor rotation frequency.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSelecting the Right Gearmotor\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe offer a wide selection of metal gearmotors that offer different combinations of speed and torque. Our \u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/search\/compare\/51\"\u003emetal gearmotor comparison table\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e can help you find the motor that best meets your project’s requirements.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 600px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J838.600.jpg?8dd8cb06f8e3334d9fe20fe2d7558f63\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003eSome of the Pololu metal gearmotors.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394081472795,"sku":"Pololu-2273","price":3659.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/2273-11CoMtM7YTyntb.jpg?v=1701865253"},{"product_id":"pololu-1220","title":"Baby Orangutan B-328 Robot Controller","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Baby Orangutan is a complete control solution for small robots, all packed into a tiny 1.2\" x 0.7\" 24-pin DIP package. Its compact design eliminates bulkier components such as the LCD and switches while retaining the most essential features of the Orangutan robot controller line: a programmable ATmega48 or ATmega328P AVR microcontroller and a dual H-bridge for direct control of two DC motors. This integrated motor driver sets the Baby Orangutan B apart from similarly-sized microcontroller boards from other manufacturers. Two on-board indicator LEDs, a trimmer potentiometer, a 20 MHz resonator, and reverse battery protection round out the basic hardware features of the Baby Orangutan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe removal of the larger Orangutan components also allows for a significantly improved manufacturing process that allows Pololu to offer the Baby Orangutan B at a very affordable price. Because the Orangutans are based on Atmel’s powerful AVR microcontrollers, the Orangutans deliver significantly higher performance than other similar controller boards. The availability of free development software, such as the Atmel StudioIDE and the WinAVR GCC C\/C++ compiler, and low-cost programmers, such as the Pololu \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-USB-AVR-Programmer\"\u003eUSB AVR programmer\u003c\/a\u003e, make the Baby Orangutan B a truly outstanding value. We offer a combination deal that lets you save when you buy a USB AVR programmer with your Baby Orangutan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor those not necessarily interested in robotics, the Baby Orangutan B is also a great introduction to the AVR microcontrollers because of its size and price. All you need to get started is a low-cost programmer and a power source. You can fit a substantial design even on a small breadboard since you won’t need the space for basic components such as the voltage regulator and resonator. The source code for several sample projects is available under our resources tab; these examples are intended to help you get up and running quickly with your new AVR-based controller.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eoverall unit dimensions: 1.2\" x 0.7\"\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003einput voltage: 5-13.5 V (15 V absolute maximum)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003etwo bidirectional motor ports can deliver ~1 A continuous (3 A peak) per channel\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eprogrammable 20 MHz Atmel \u003cstrong\u003eATmega48\u003c\/strong\u003e AVR microcontroller (4 KB flash, 512 bytes SRAM, 256 bytes EEPROM) or Atmel \u003cstrong\u003eATmega328P\u003c\/strong\u003e AVR microcontroller (32 KB flash, 2 KB RAM, 1 KB EEPROM)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e18 user I\/O lines, 16 of which can be used for digital I\/O and 8 of which can be used as analog input channels\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1 user LED\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003euser potentiometer tied to ADC7\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e20 MHz external resonator\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epinout is compatible with the \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Orangutan\"\u003eOrangutan SV-328\u003c\/a\u003e, Orangutan LV-168, and \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-3pi-Robot\"\u003e3pi robot\u003c\/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-3pi-Robot\"\u003e,\u003c\/a\u003e so the same code will generally work on all of these devices\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecomprehensive user’s guide\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eATmega48, ATmega168, and ATmega328 comparison\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Baby Orangutan B is available with either the \u003cstrong\u003eATmega48\u003c\/strong\u003e or \u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Baby-Orangutan-B-328-Robot-Controller\"\u003eATmega328P\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e AVR microcontroller (the ATmega168 version has been discontinued). The main differences between the mega48 and mega328P are memory size, boot loader support, and interrupt vector size. The mega328 can also run at lower voltages than the mega48 and mega168 for frequencies below 10 MHz.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; text-align: center;\"\u003e \u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; text-align: center;\"\u003emega48\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; text-align: center;\"\u003emega168\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; text-align: center;\"\u003emega328P\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; text-align: center;\"\u003eFlash\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e4K Bytes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e16K Bytes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e32K Bytes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; text-align: center;\"\u003eRAM\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e512 Bytes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e1024 Bytes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e2048 Bytes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; text-align: center;\"\u003eEEPROM\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e256 Bytes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e512 Bytes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e1024 Bytes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; text-align: center;\"\u003eInterrupt Vector Size\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e1 instruction word\/vector\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e2 instruction words\/vector\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e2 instruction words\/vector\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"background-color: #f6f6f6; text-align: center;\"\u003eBoot Loader Section\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003enone\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e128, 256, 512, or 1024\u003cstrong\u003ewords\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e (256, 512, 1024, or 2048 bytes)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e256, 512, 1024, or 2048\u003cstrong\u003ewords\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e (512, 1024, 2048, or 4096 bytes)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e As of July 25, 2011, the Baby Orangutan \u003cstrong\u003eB-48\u003c\/strong\u003e is only available for high-volume orders. Please contact us if you are interested in placing such an order. The \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Baby-Orangutan-B-328-Robot-Controller\"\u003eBaby Orangutan B-328\u003c\/a\u003e continues to be available as normal.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eIncluded components\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe compact module can be used as a DIP component on breadboards or prototyping boards, or the pin-less versions can be used for space-constrained installations in miniature robots. The 0.1\" header pins are included with the Baby Orangutan B but are not soldered in. Power pins, one of the motor outputs, and several I\/O lines are all accessible from one side to enable use of the Baby Orangutan as a single in-line pin (SIP) package for applications that do not require all of the I\/O lines. The small size and low cost of the Baby Orangutan makes it a perfect option for primary control of small robots or for auxiliary control on larger robots.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 300px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J660\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J660.300.jpg?b59665349eaa3e2fd42f56ff4e1e8075\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eBaby Orangutan B with included 0.1\" header pins.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 300px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J662\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J662.300.jpg?51b1ed9846f5d124579fcb68e6f916c9\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eBaby Orangutan B with included header pins soldered in for breadboard installation.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e The \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Baby-Orangutan-B-328-Robot-Controller\"\u003eBaby Orangutan B-168\u003c\/a\u003e has been replaced by the \u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Baby-Orangutan-B-328-Robot-Controller\"\u003eBaby Orangutan B-328\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e, which uses the newer ATmega328P microcontroller to provide 32 KB of program memory, 2 KB of RAM, and 1 KB of EEPROM. The ATmega328P is essentially a drop-in replacement for the ATmega168, so the code that works on the Baby Orangutan B-168 should work with minimal modification on the Baby Orangutan B-328 (the Pololu AVR Librarynow supports the ATmega328P).\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394081505563,"sku":"Pololu-1220","price":1979.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/1220-mainT7T2rOGzkdxEL.jpg?v=1701865257"},{"product_id":"pololu-2125","title":"L3GD20 3-Axis Gyro Carrier with Voltage Regulator","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis board is a compact (0.5″ × 0.9″) breakout board for ST’s L3GD20 three-axis digital-output gyroscope; we therefore recommend careful reading of the\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/L3GD20.pdf?file_id=0J563\"\u003eL3GD20 datasheet\u003c\/a\u003e (2MB pdf) before using this product. The L3GD20 is a great IC, but its small, leadless, LGA package makes it difficult for the typical student or hobbyist to use. It also operates at voltages below 3.6 V, which can make interfacing difficult for microcontrollers operating at 5 V. This carrier board addresses these issues by incorporating additional electronics, including a 3.3 V voltage regulator and level-shifting circuits, while keeping the overall size as compact as possible. The board ships fully populated with its SMD components, including the L3GD20, as shown in the product picture.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCompared to the L3G4200D, the L3GD20 uses a higher resonant frequency that makes it more resistant to audio noise and vibrations. This board remains pin-compatible with the original L3G4200D carrier, although changes in I²C addresses and configuration registers mean that code written to interface with an L3G4200D might need to be modified to work with an L3GD20.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe L3GD20 has many configurable options, including three selectable angular rate sensitivities, a choice of output data rates, an embedded FIFO for buffering output data, and a programmable external interrupt signal. The three angular velocity readings are available through a digital interface, which can be configured to operate in either I²C or SPI mode.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe carrier board includes a low-dropout linear voltage regulator that provides the 3.3 V required by the L3GD20, which allows the sensor to be powered from a 2.5-5.5 V supply. The regulator output is available on the VDD pin and can supply almost 150 mA to external devices. The breakout board also includes a circuit that shifts the I²C\/SPI clock and data in lines to the same logic voltage level as the supplied VIN, making it simple to interface the board with 5 V systems, and the board’s 0.1″ pin spacing makes it easy to use with standard \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/index.php?route=product\/search\u0026amp;search=breadboard\"\u003esolderless breadboards\u003c\/a\u003e and 0.1″ perfboards.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor sensor fusion applications, our \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/MinIMU-9-v3-Gyro-Accelerometer-and-Compass-L3GD20H-and-LSM303D-Carrier\"\u003eMinIMU-9 v2\u003c\/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/AltIMU-10-v4-Gyro-Accelerometer-Compass-and-Altimeter-L3GD20H-LSM303D-and-LPS25H-Carrier\"\u003eAltIMU-10\u003c\/a\u003e inertial measurement units combine the L3GD20 with an LSM303DLHC 3-axis accelerometer and 3-axis magnetometer on a single board, providing nine independent readings that can be used to calculate an absolute orientation. The AltIMU-10 also includes an LPS331AP pressure sensor that can be used to calculate altitude.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimensions: 0.5″ × 0.9″ × 0.1″ (13 × 23 × 3 mm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWeight without header pins: 0.7 g (0.03 oz)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOperating voltage: 2.5 to 5.5 V\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupply current: 7 mA\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOutput format (I²C\/SPI): one 16-bit reading per axis\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSensitivity range (configurable): ±250°\/s, ±500°\/s, or ±2000°\/s\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIncluded components\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA 9×1 strip of \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pin-Headers-Straight\"\u003e0.1″ header pins\u003c\/a\u003e and a 9×1 strip of \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Right-angled-pin-Headers-40-pin\"\u003e0.1″ right-angle header pins\u003c\/a\u003e are included, as shown in the picture below. You can solder the header strip of your choice to the board for use with \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/0-1-2-54mm-Crimp-Connector-Housing-1x2-Pin-25-Pack\"\u003ecustom cables\u003c\/a\u003e or \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/index.php?route=product\/search\u0026amp;search=breadboard\"\u003esolderless breadboards\u003c\/a\u003e, or you can solder wires directly to the board itself for more compact installations.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J4062\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4062.300.jpg?c8f82bba750bda69f62bf805b100f264\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eUsing the L3GD20\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConnections\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRegardless of the interface being used to communicate with the L3GD20, its VIN pin should be connected to a 2.5-5.5 V source, and GND should be connected to 0 volts. (Alternatively, if you are using the gyro with a 3.3 V system, you can leave VIN disconnected and bypass the built-in regulator by connecting 3.3 V directly to VDD.)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA minimum of two logic connections are necessary to use the L3GD20 in I²C mode (this is the default mode): SCL and SDA. These should be connected to an I²C bus operating at the same logic level as VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo use the L3GD20 in the default SPI mode, four logic connections are required: SPC, SDI, SDO, and CS. These should be connected to an SPI bus operating at the same logic level as VIN. The SPI interface operates in 4-wire mode by default, with SDI and SDO on separate pins, but it can be configured to use 3-wire mode so that SDO shares a pin with SDI.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 325px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J4063\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4063.325.jpg?6d835db3af75a5ee257c8f131e2dc4c7\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eL3GD20 3-axis gyro carrier with voltage regulator, labeled top view.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 275px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J3508\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J3508.275.jpg?30af252b986ae5084cf232796aa4c3af\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eL3G4200D\/L3GD20 3-axis gyro carrier with voltage regulator in a breadboard.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePinout\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003ePIN\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eDescription\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eVIN\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eThis is the main 2.5-5.5 V power supply connection. The SCL\/SPC and SDA\/SDI level shifters pull the I²C and SPI bus high bits up to this level.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eGND\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eThe ground (0 V) connection for your power supply. Your I²C or SPI control source must also share a common ground with this board.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eVDD\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eRegulated 3.3 V \u003cstrong\u003eoutput\u003c\/strong\u003e. Almost 150 mA is available to power external components. (If you want to bypass the internal regulator, you can instead use this pin as a 3.3 V input with VIN disconnected.)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eSCL\/SPC\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eLevel-shifted I²C\/SPI clock line: HIGH is VIN, LOW is 0 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eSDA\/SDI\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eLevel-shifted I²C data line and SPI data in line (also doubles as SDO in 3-wire mode): HIGH is VIN, LOW is 0 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eSDO\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eSPI data out line in 4-wire mode: HIGH is VDD, LOW is 0 V. \u003cem\u003eThis output is not level-shifted.\u003c\/em\u003e Also used as an input to determine I²C slave address (see below).\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eCS\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eSPI enable (chip select). Pulled up to VDD to enable I²C communication by default; drive low to begin SPI communication.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eDRDY\/INT2\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eData ready indicator, a 3.3-V-logic-level output. HIGH (3.3 V) indicates angular rate data can be read. Can also be configured as a FIFO interrupt. \u003cem\u003eThis output is not level-shifted.\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eINT1\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eProgrammable interrupt, a 3.3-V-logic-level output. \u003cem\u003eThis output is not level-shifted.\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSchematic Diagram\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4064.600.png?cbdcda35f4c9a263652c9f2a78698519\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe above schematic shows the additional components the carrier board incorporates to make the L3GD20 easier to use, including the voltage regulator that allows the board to be powered from a 2.5-5.5 V supply and the level-shifter circuit that allows for I²C and SPI communication at the same logic voltage level as VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eI²C Communication\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith the CS pin in its default state (pulled up to VDD), the L3GD20 can be configured and its angular velocity readings can be queried through the I²C bus. Level shifters on the I²C clock (SCL) and data (SDA) lines enable I²C communication with microcontrollers operating at the same voltage as VIN (2.5-5.5 V). A detailed explanation of the I²C interface on the L3GD20 can be found in its \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/L3G4200D.pdf?file_id=0J491\"\u003edatasheet\u003c\/a\u003e (1MB pdf), and more detailed information about I²C in general can be found in NXP’s I²C-bus specification (371k pdf).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn I²C mode, the gyro’s 7-bit slave address has its least significant bit (LSb) determined by the voltage on the SDO pin. The carrier board pulls SDO to VDD through a 10 kΩ resistor, making the LSb 1 and setting the slave address to 1101011b by default. If the gyro’s selected slave address happens to conflict with some other device on your I²C bus, you can drive SDO low to set the LSb to 0.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn our tests of the board, we were able to communicate with the chip at clock frequencies up to 400 kHz; higher frequencies might work but were not tested. The chip itself and carrier board do not meet of some requirements to make the device compliant with I²C fast-mode. It is missing 50 ns spike suppression on the clock and data lines, and additional pull-ups on the clock and data lines might also be necessary to achieve compliant signal timing characteristics.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eSPI Communication\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo communicate with the L3GD20 in SPI mode, the CS pin (which the board pulls to VDD through a 10 kΩ resistor) must be driven low before the start of an SPI command and allowed to return high after the end of the command. Level shifters on the SPI clock (SPC) and data in (SDI) lines enable SPI communication with microcontrollers operating at the same voltage as VIN (2.5-5.5 V).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the default 4-wire mode, the gyro transmits data to the SPI master on a dedicated data out (SDO) line. If the SPI interface is configured to use 3-wire mode instead, the SDI line doubles as SDO and is driven by the L3GD20 when it transmits data to the master. A detailed explanation of the SPI interface on the L3GD20 can be found in its \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/L3G4200D.pdf?file_id=0J491\"\u003edatasheet\u003c\/a\u003e (1MB pdf).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSample Code\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe have written a basic Arduino library for the L3GD20 that makes it easy to interface this sensor with an \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Arduino-Uno-R3\"\u003eArduino\u003c\/a\u003e. The library makes it simple to configure the L3GD20 and read the raw gyro data through I²C.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProtocol Hints\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe datasheet provides all the information you need to use this sensor, but picking out the important details can take some time. Here are some pointers for communicating with and configuring the L3GD20 that we hope will get you up and running a little bit faster:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe gyro is in power down mode by default. You have to turn it on by writing the appropriate value to the CTRL_REG1 register.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can read or write multiple registers in a single I²C command by asserting the most significant bit of the register address to enable address auto-increment.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can enable the same auto-increment feature in SPI mode by asserting the second bit (bit 1, called the MS bit in the datasheet) of an SPI command.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394081603867,"sku":"Pololu-2125","price":1979.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/2125-mainsDlavJlj4AVHn.jpg?v=1701865260"},{"product_id":"pololu-2503","title":"Pololu Dual MC33926 Motor Driver Shield for Arduino","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOverview\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J3979.250.jpg?8375bf0a4c172c3f6a59e724c03b1307\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePololu dual MC33926 motor driver shield for Arduino.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis motor driver shield and its corresponding Arduino library make it easy to control two bidirectional, brushed DC motors with an \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Arduino-Uno-R3\"\u003eArduino\u003c\/a\u003e or compatible board, such as the A-Star 32U4 Prime. The board features a pair of Freescale MC33926 motor drivers, which operate from 5 to 28 V and can deliver a continuous 3 A per channel, and includes current sense circuitry, protection resistors, a FET for reverse battery protection, and logic gates to reduce the required number of I\/O pins. It ships fully populated with its SMD components, including the two MC33926 ICs, as shown in the picture to the right; stackable Arduino headers and terminal blocks for connecting motors and motor power are included but are not soldered in (see the Included Hardware section below).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis versatile motor driver is intended for a wide range of users, from beginners who just want a plug-and-play motor control solution for their Arduinos (and are okay with a little soldering) to more advanced users who want a dual MC33926 carrier that requires fewer I\/O pins to control. The Arduino pin mappings can all be customized if the defaults are not convenient, and the simplified MC33926 control lines are broken out along the left side of the board, providing a convenient interface point for other microcontroller boards (see the right connection diagram below). This versatility, along with an option to power the Arduino directly from the shield, sets this board apart from similar competing motor shields.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"center\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4009.300.jpg?c4ad542fe3753695118df0d77a7d1a50\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J4009\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"height: 20px; width: 20px;\" src=\"file:\/\/\/C:\\Users\\Samreen\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\msohtmlclip1\\01\\clip_image002.png\" alt=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-74912f8b0d07e3addf4b2661a67de90a.png\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUsing the dual MC33926 motor driver shield with an Arduino (shield and Arduino powered separately).\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"center\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4011.293.jpg?0e253a133ec4d6cd9686dd82b8f7dd86\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J4011\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"height: 20px; width: 20px;\" src=\"file:\/\/\/C:\\Users\\Samreen\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\msohtmlclip1\\01\\clip_image002.png\" alt=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-74912f8b0d07e3addf4b2661a67de90a.png\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUsing the dual MC33926 motor driver shield with a microcontroller (gray connections are optional).\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor a higher-power alternative to this shield, please consider the \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-Dual-VNH5019-Motor-Driver-Shield-for-Arduino\"\u003edual VNH5019 motor driver shield\u003c\/a\u003e, which can deliver a continuous 12 A per channel. For lower-power, lower-cost alternatives, consider the \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-DRV8835-Dual-Motor-Driver-Shield-for-Arduino\"\u003eDRV8835 dual motor driver shield\u003c\/a\u003e or \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-A4990-Dual-Motor-Driver-Shield-for-Arduino\"\u003eA4990 dual motor driver shield\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFeatures\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4024.250.jpg?b432305b6e45fd1199c4a2e018a80ebf\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePololu dual MC33926 motor driver shield, assembled and connected to an Arduino Leonardo.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J3982.250.jpg?8e038b22c95eca2f8b145657a54fc580\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePololu dual MC33926 motor driver shield for Arduino, bottom view with board dimensions.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWide operating voltage range: 5 – 28 V 1\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOutput current: 3 A continuous (5 A peak 2) per motor\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInputs compatible with both 5 V and 3.3 V systems\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePWM operation up to 20 kHz, which is ultrasonic and allows for quieter motor operation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCurrent sense voltage output proportional to motor current (approx. 525 mV\/A)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMotor indicator LEDs show what the outputs are doing even when no motor is connected\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCan be used with an Arduino or Arduino clone (through shield headers) or other microcontroller boards (through 0.1″ header along the left side)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen used as a shield, the motor power supply can optionally be used to power the Arduino base as well\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eArduino pin mappings can be customized if the default mappings are not convenient\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eArduino library makes it easy to get started using this board as a motor driver shield\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDetailed user’s guide\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReverse-voltage protection on motor supply 3\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRobust drivers:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTransient operation up to 40 V\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOver-current limiting via internal PWM\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOver-temperature shutdown and hysteresis\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnder-voltage shutdown\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOutput short-to-ground and short-to-Vcc protection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cstrong\u003e1\u003c\/strong\u003e The board supports transient (\u0026lt; 500 ms) operation up to 40V. Operation from 5-8 V reduces maximum continuous output current (driver performance is derated in this range).\u003cbr\u003e \u003cstrong\u003e2\u003c\/strong\u003e Internal peak-current limiting gracefully reduces the output power at load currents above 6.5 A ± 1.5 A. See the \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/MC33926.pdf?file_id=0J233\"\u003eMC33926 datasheet\u003c\/a\u003e (1MB pdf) for more information.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cstrong\u003e3\u003c\/strong\u003e There is no reverse-voltage protection on the logic supply.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIncluded Hardware\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J3978.300.jpg?e81df15fc41082961f03c1aed02469b0\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePololu dual MC33926 motor driver shield for Arduino with included hardware.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis motor driver board ships with all of the surface-mount parts populated. However, soldering is required for assembly of the included through-hole parts. The following through-hole parts are included:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eone extended\/stackable 1×10 female header (for Arduino shields)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003etwo extended\/stackable 1×8 female headers (for Arduino shields)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003etwo extended\/stackable 1×6 female headers (for Arduino shields)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethree 2-pin, 5 mm terminal blocks (for board power and motor outputs)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e25-pin \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pin-Headers-Straight\"\u003e0.1″ straight breakaway male header\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA 0.1″ shorting block (for optionally supplying shield power to Arduino) is also included.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can solder the terminal blocks to the six large through-holes to make your motor and motor power connections, or you can break off a 12×1 section of the 0.1″ header strip and solder it into the smaller through-holes that border these larger holes. You can also solder wires directly to the board.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen not using this board as an Arduino shield, you can solder the 0.1″ headers to the logic connections along the left side of the board to enable use with custom cables or \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/index.php?route=product\/search\u0026amp;search=breadboard\"\u003esolderless breadboards\u003c\/a\u003e, or you can solder wires directly to the board for more compact installations. Note that motor and motor power connections should not be made through a breadboard.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe mounting hole is intended for use with #4 screws (not included).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Arduino-Uno-R3\"\u003eArduino\u003c\/a\u003e is \u003cstrong\u003enot included\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSchematic Diagram\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4019.600.jpg?6fc98be0f37c6f4e82e5026e2e5bde37\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSchematic diagram for the Dual MC33926 Motor Driver Shield for Arduino.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePDF of schematic: \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/dual_mc33926_shield_schematic.pdf?file_id=0J559\"\u003edual MC33926 motor driver shield schematic\u003c\/a\u003e (350k pdf).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReal-World Power Dissipation Considerations\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEach MC33926 motor driver IC has a maximum continuous current rating of 5 A. However, the actual current it can deliver depends on how well you can keep it cool. The shield’s printed circuit board is designed to draw heat out of the motor driver chips, but performance can be improved by adding heat sinks.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnlike other H-Bridges, the MC33926 has a feature that allows it to gracefully reduce current as the current exceeds 5 A or as the chip temperature approaches its limit. This means that if you push the chip close to its limit, you will see less power to the motor, but it might allow you to avoid a complete shutdown.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe tested the shield at room temperature with no forced air flow or heat sinks. In our tests, the shield was able to deliver 5 A to both channels simultaneously for 10 s before the thermal protection started reducing the current. The shield delivered 4 A on both channels for 37 s, and at 3 A it was able to operate continuously for over 10 minutes without triggering current limiting or thermal protection.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur tests were conducted at 100% duty cycle; PWMing the motor will introduce additional heating proportional to the frequency.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394081702171,"sku":"Pololu-2503","price":7419.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/2503-mainfRfB2xQGfdZEl.jpg?v=1701865263"},{"product_id":"pololu-1479","title":"Pololu Carrier for MQ Gas Sensors (Bare PCB Only)","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOverview\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis breakout board is designed to work with any of the MQ-series gas sensors, simplifying the interface from 6 to 3 pins—ground, +5V VCC, and an analog voltage output—that are broken out with a 0.1\" spacing, making the board compatible with \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pin-Headers-Straight\"\u003e0.1\" headers\u003c\/a\u003e and standard \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/index.php?route=product\/search\u0026amp;search=breadboard\"\u003ebreadboards\u003c\/a\u003e and perfboards. This board has two mounting holes and provides convenient pads for mounting the gas sensor’s required sensitivity-setting resistor (referred to as RL in the sensor datasheet). All of the board’s traces are on the same side of the PCB, making it easy to see how the pads are connected.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe two mounting holes are intended to be used with #2 screws (not included).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote that we also offer an alternate gas sensor breakout board that is more compact, with a diameter equal to that of the smaller gas sensor and the broken-out pins beneath the sensor.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2250.200.jpg?81798a1ef45bb20312bc33a777f36e7e\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConnections\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConnect VCC to 5 V, GND to ground, and OUT to an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The board has two pairs of through-hole pins for the required (but not included) sensitivity-selecting resistor RL, providing two mounting options—horizontal or vertical—between GND and OUT as shown in the pictures below. The resistance of RL should be calculated using the datasheet for your particular gas sensor.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe MQ gas sensors have light to no polarity, so the gas sensor will work with the board all four ways it fits into the 6 pins (there are two possible orientations on each side of the board).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"center\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2252.260.jpg?b24f27f71bf0c97e172039815fdf6781\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePololu MQ gas sensor carrier with sensitivity-setting resistor soldered in the horizontal orientation.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"center\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2254.300.jpg?bfece8ab31f247b19d1e279394beceef\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePololu MQ gas sensor carrier with sensitivity-setting resistor soldered in the vertical orientation.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe picture to the right above shows a board with a 3×1 \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Right-angled-pin-Headers-40-pin\"\u003e0.1\" right-angle male header\u003c\/a\u003e soldered to it, which allows a standard servo cableto be used to connect the board to your project.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394081734939,"sku":"Pololu-1479","price":99.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/1479-main76pOsNBn3k9rQ.jpg?v=1701865266"},{"product_id":"pololu-64","title":"Tamiya 70096 Off-Road Tires (2 tires)","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe two extremely springy tires in the Tamiya 70096 off-road tires set are about 50 mm in diameter and 30 mm wide. Use these if you want your robot to have a soft, air-cushioned ride across rough terrain. (Compatible with the Tamiya gearbox numbers 70093, 70097, 70103, and 70110, 70167, and 70168).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Tamiya 70096 off-road tires set includes the following:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo wheels: 50 mm diameter, 30 mm wide\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo hubs for use with 3 mm hex shafts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOne 3 mm hex shaft, 100 mm long\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(The hex shaft inserts directly into the wheel with a tight press fit; no tools are necessary.)\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394081800475,"sku":"Pololu-64","price":469.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/64-mainnUNr6d74ae5i8.jpg?v=1701865269"},{"product_id":"pololu-1687","title":"Tamiya 70194 Spike Tire Set (2 tires)","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Tamiya 70194 spike tire set includes two wheels designed for bumpy and rough surfaces, each with a diameter of 65 mm (2.56\") and a width of 26 mm (1.02\"). These wheels are compatible with all Tamiya gearbox kits.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Tamiya 70194 spike tire set includes the following:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo tires: 65 mm diameter, 26 mm wide\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo wheels\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo hubs for use with round 4 mm shafts such as the ones on the Tamiya high-power gearbox kit\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo hubs for use with 3 mm hex shafts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo nut drivers\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMounting hardware\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 300px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2962\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2962.300.jpg?269ca051831ecc4a12497ce146b07654\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/images\/zoom.png?4d3c7fe586a56a6f32a1c798dc152ced\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003eParts included in the Tamiya 70194 \u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e Spike Tire Set.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394081931547,"sku":"Pololu-1687","price":1139.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/1687-2v9TiWt2ykP96U.jpg?v=1701865273"},{"product_id":"pololu-2137","title":"A4990 Dual Motor Driver Carrier","description":"\u003cp\u003eAllegro’s A4990 is a dual H-bridge motor driver IC that can be used for bidirectional control of two brushed DC motors at 6 to 32 V. It can supply up to 0.7 A continuously to each motor channel, and the current control feature of the A4990 limits the peak motor current to about 0.9 A per channel with the onboard sense resistors, making this a good choice for small, low-current motors that run on relatively high voltages. Since this board is a carrier for the A4990, we recommend careful reading of the\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/A4990-Datasheet.pdf?file_id=0J710\"\u003eA4990 datasheet\u003c\/a\u003e (301k pdf). The board ships populated with all of its SMD components, including the A4990 and an additional FET for reverse battery protection.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor a single-channel driver with a DIR\/PWM interface and a similar operating voltage range, please consider our DRV8801 carrier. For lower-voltage alternatives to the A4990, consider our \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/DRV8833-Dual-Motor-Driver-Carrier\"\u003eDRV8833\u003c\/a\u003eand \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/DRV8835-Dual-Motor-Driver-Carrier\"\u003eDRV8835 dual motor driver carriers\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDual-H-bridge motor driver: can drive two DC motors or one bipolar stepper motor\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOperating voltage: 6‌‌–32 V\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/product\/2137#fn1\"\u003e1\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOutput current: 0.7 A continuous per motor\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCurrent control limits peak current to 0.9 A per motor\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInputs are 3V- and 5V-compatible\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRobust:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReverse-voltage protection circuit\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCan survive input voltages up to 40 V\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/product\/2137#fn2\"\u003e2\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnder-voltage and over-voltage protection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOver-temperature protection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShort-to-supply, short-to-ground, and shorted-load protection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1 \u003csmall\u003eThe overvoltage protection typically kicks in at 34 V, but it can trigger at voltages as low as 32 V.\u003c\/small\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2 \u003csmall\u003eWhile the A4990 can tolerate input voltages as high as 50 V, the reverse-voltage protection MOSFET is only rated for 40 V.\u003c\/small\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eUsing the motor driver\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 600px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J5015\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J5015.600.png?a3fa6b2c2f88440c53d82ea07a73d817\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eMinimal wiring diagram for connecting a microcontroller to an A4990 dual motor driver carrier.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn a typical application, power connections are made on one side of the board and control connections are made on the other. The INH (inhibit) pin is pulled low internally, disabling the A4990 by default, and must be driven high (2.0–5.5 V) in order to enable the driver.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe OUT1 and OUT2 pins form one motor channel while the OUT3 and OUT4 pins form the other. The state of each output is controlled by a corresponding input (IN1 through IN4); note that IN2 and IN4 are inverted inputs. All four INx pins are pulled to their inactive states by default. See the truth tables in the A4990 datasheet for more information on how the inputs affect the driver outputs.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe EF1 and EF2 pins are open-drain outputs that are driven low by the chip to indicate active faults (the datasheet describes what each combination of EF1 and EF2 means). Otherwise, these pins remain in a floating state, so you will need to connect external pull-up resistors (or use microcontroller inputs with their built-in pull-ups enabled) if you want to monitor fault conditions on the driver.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003ePinout\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J5014\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J5014.300.jpg?91d220eb11c36417c592f984f61b8cf0\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003ePIN\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eDefault State\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eDescription\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eVIN\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e6–32 V motor power supply connection.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eVBB\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eThis pin gives access to the motor power supply after the reverse-voltage protection MOSFET (see the board schematic below). It can be used to supply reverse-protected power to other components in the system. It is generally intended as an output, but it can also be used to supply board power.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eGND\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eGround connection points for the motor and logic power supplies. \u003cins\u003eThe control source and the motor driver must share a common ground.\u003c\/ins\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eOUT1\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eMotor A output +.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eOUT2\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eMotor A output −.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eOUT3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eMotor B output +.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eOUT4\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eMotor B output −.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eIN1\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eLOW\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eControl input for OUT1. PWM can be applied to this pin.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eIN2\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eHIGH\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eInverted control input for OUT2. PWM can be applied to this pin.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eIN3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eLOW\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eControl input for OUT3. PWM can be applied to this pin.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eIN4\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eHIGH\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eInverted control input for OUT4. PWM can be applied to this pin.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eINH\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eLOW\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eLogic input that puts the A4990 into a low-power sleep mode when low.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eEF1\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003efloating\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eError flag output 1: driven low to indicate active fault status; floating otherwise.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eEF2\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003efloating\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eError flag output 2: driven low to indicate active fault status; floating otherwise.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eCurrent limiting\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe A4990 can actively limit the current through the motors by using a fixed-frequency PWM current regulation (current chopping). This carrier board connects 0.075 Ω resistors to the current sense pins, which sets the current limit to a nominal 1 A per channel. In our tests, the board actually limited the motor current to slightly above 0.9 A.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eReal-world power dissipation considerations\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEven though the driver limits the motor current to about 0.9 A per channel, the chip by itself will overheat at lower currents. For example, in our tests at room temperature with no forced air flow, the chip was able to deliver 0.9 A per channel for approximately 20 s before the chip’s thermal protection kicked in. A continuous current of 0.7 A per channel was sustainable for many minutes without triggering a thermal shutdown. The actual current you can deliver will depend on how well you can keep the motor driver cool. The carrier’s printed circuit board is designed to draw heat out of the motor driver chip, but performance can be improved by adding a heat sink. Our tests were conducted at 100% duty cycle; PWMing the inputs will introduce additional heating proportional to the frequency (unless the A4990 is already PWMing the outputs to limit the current).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis product can get \u003cstrong\u003ehot\u003c\/strong\u003e enough to burn you long before the chip overheats. Take care when handling this product and other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eIncluded hardware\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J5012\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J5012.300.jpg?c9176ff34dbc90c861ccc4a1fce48d03\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J5013\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J5013.300.jpg?7bd732abed96e3f5f1e415d61475cd27\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTwo 1×8-pin breakaway\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pin-Headers-Straight\"\u003e \u003c\/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pin-Headers-Straight\"\u003e0.1″ male headers\u003c\/a\u003e are included with the A4990 motor driver carrier, which can be soldered in to use the driver with perfboards, \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Breadboard-GL-12\"\u003ebreadboards\u003c\/a\u003e, or \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Female-Header-40pin\"\u003e0.1″ female connectors\u003c\/a\u003e. (The headers might ship as a single 1×16 piece that can be broken in half.) When used with these header pins, the board can be oriented with the parts visible, as shown in the right picture above, or with the silkscreen visible, by soldering the headers in from the opposite side. You can also solder your motor leads and other connections directly to the board.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eSchematic\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 600px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J5016.600.png?8a3238efba8fa44c069e49050d2e1610\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eA4990 Dual Motor Driver Carrier schematic diagram.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis schematic is also available as a \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/file\/download\/a4990-dual-motor-driver-carrier-schematic-diagram.pdf?file_id=0J711\"\u003edownloadable pdf\u003c\/a\u003e (118k pdf).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394082029851,"sku":"Pololu-2137","price":789.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/2137-01xurQ0f5do0y72.jpg?v=1701865278"},{"product_id":"pololu-2570","title":"Pololu Adjustable 4-12V Step-Up Voltage Regulator U3V50ALV","description":"\u003cp\u003eThese adjustable boost (step-up) voltage regulators generate higher output voltages from input voltages as low as 2.9 V. They are switching regulators (also called switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converters) and have a typical efficiency between 80% to 95%. The available output current is a function of the input voltage, output voltage, and efficiency (see the \u003cem\u003eTypical Efficiency and Output Current\u003c\/em\u003e section below), but the input current can typically be as high as 5 A. The U3V50x regulator family includes two adjustable-output versions: the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-Adjustable-4-12V-Step-Up-Voltage-Regulator-U3V50ALV\"\u003eU3V50ALV\u003c\/a\u003e offers an output range of 4 V to 12 V and the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-Adjustable-9-30V-Step-Up-Voltage-Regulator-U3V50AHV\"\u003eU3V50AHV\u003c\/a\u003e offers an output range of 9 V to 30 V. Versions of this regulator are also available with a fixed 5 V, 6 V, 9 V, 12 V, or 24 V output:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSelect options: (any output voltage) 5 V 6 V 9 V 12 V 24 V \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe different versions of the board all look very similar, so the bottom silkscreen includes a blank space where you can add your own distinguishing marks or labels.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe no-load quiescent current depends on the difference between the input and the output voltage. When the two are close, the quiescent current can be less then a milliamp (e.g. 0.6 mA with 5 V in and 6 V out); when the two are far apart, it might be in the tens of milliamps (e.g. 24 mA with 3 V in and 24 V out).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis regulator has built-in reverse-voltage protection, over-current protection, thermal shutdown (which typically activates at 165°C), and an under-voltage lockout that causes the regulator to turn off when the input voltage is below 2.5 V (typical).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFeatures\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput voltage: 2.9 V to VOUT\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOutput adjustable from \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-Adjustable-4-12V-Step-Up-Voltage-Regulator-U3V50ALV\"\u003e4 V to 12 V\u003c\/a\u003e or \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-Adjustable-9-30V-Step-Up-Voltage-Regulator-U3V50AHV\"\u003e9 V to 30 V\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e5 A switch allows for input currents up to 5 A\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrated reverse-voltage protection, over-current protection, over-temperature shutoff, and under-voltage lockout\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypical efficiency of 80% to 95%, depending on input voltage, output voltage, and load\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompact size: 1.9″ × 0.6″ × 0.41″ (48 × 15 × 10.5 mm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo mounting holes for #2 or M2 screws\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSmaller holes for 0.1″ header pins and larger holes for terminal blocks offer several options for connecting to the board\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUsing the regulator\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConnections\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis boost regulator has four connections: input voltage (VIN), ground (GND), and output voltage (VOUT), and ENABLE.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4892.400.jpg?c152a46fccf7d50ebfb577c2a6908a41\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe input voltage, VIN, must be at least 2.9 V and should not exceed the output voltage, VOUT. (If VIN is higher than VOUT, the higher input voltage will show up on the output, which is potentially dangerous for your connected load and could also damage the regulator.)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulator is enabled by default: a 100 kΩ pull-up resistor on the board connects the ENABLE pin to reverse-protected VIN. The ENABLE pin can be driven low (under 0.7 V) to put the board into a low-power state. The quiescent current draw in this sleep mode is dominated by the current in the pull-up resistor from ENABLE to VIN and by the reverse-voltage protection circuit, which will draw between 10 µA and 20 µA per volt on VIN when ENABLE is held low. If you do not need this feature, you should leave the ENABLE pin disconnected. Note that like most boost regulators, the input power will pass through to the output when the board is disabled, so the ENABLE pin cannot be used to turn off power to the load.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"center\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4890.300.jpg?fc0f60a432c29fb0274f7f72b1df1dba\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePololu adjustable step-up voltage regulator U3V50Ax with included optional terminal blocks and header pins.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"center\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4886.250.jpg?775637942b608406603d0f83d2a1cd01\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePololu adjustable 9-30V step-up voltage regulator U3V50AHV, assembed with included terminal blocks.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe connections are labeled on the back side of the PCB, and the board offers several options for making electrical connections. The eight smaller through-holes on the ends of the board are arranged with a 0.1″ spacing for compatibility with solderless \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/index.php?route=product\/search\u0026amp;search=breadboard\"\u003ebreadboards\u003c\/a\u003e,connectors, and other prototyping arrangements that use a 0.1″ grid; you can solder pieces of the included 9×1 \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pin-Headers-Straight\"\u003estraight male header strip\u003c\/a\u003e into these smaller holes. Alternatively, you can solder the included 2-pin 5mm-pitch terminal blocks to the two pairs of larger holes on the ends of the board. For the most compact installation, you can solder wires directly to the board.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote that this regulator has a thick PCB (0.093″), so terminal block and header pins will not protrude as far through the holes as they would with typical 0.062″-thick PCBs.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J5008.600.jpg?f370d3ac36ea5aad3baf8865a72db7f3\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePololu step-up voltage regulator U3V50x with included terminal blocks installed, side view.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe board has two mounting holes intended for #2 or M2 screws. The mounting holes are at opposite corners of the board, separated by 1.7″ horizontally and 0.4″ vertically.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSetting the output voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe output voltage can be adjusted using a multimeter and a light load (e.g. a 10 kΩ to 100 kΩ resistor). Turning the potentiometer clockwise increases the output voltage. The output voltage can be affected by a screwdriver touching the potentiometer, so the output measurement should be done with nothing touching the potentiometer (also, note that touching parts of the board with your finger can affect the output voltage).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cins\u003eYou should be careful not to use an input voltage that exceeds the output voltage setting\u003c\/ins\u003e, so we recommend setting the output voltage with an input voltage that is below anything in the possible output range. Note that the potentiometer has no physical end stops, which means that the wiper can be turned 360 degrees and into an invalid region in which the output voltage is set to approximately 3.9 V for the U3V50ALV and 8.3 V for the U3V50AHV. We do not ship these with any particular default voltage setting.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe following graph shows the approximate output voltage as a function of the potentiometer position:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4922.400.jpg?c638c1ee45ed6e4ae8c3e0d971c6f2e4\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOutput voltage settings for Pololu adjustable step-up voltage regulators U3V50ALV (blue line) and U3V50AHV (red line).\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cstrong\u003eabsolute limit\u003c\/strong\u003e for the input voltage is approximately double the output voltage setting. For example, if the output is set to 10 V, exceeding 20 V on the input could permanently damage the regulator. Once the input exceeds the output set point, the output voltage will rise with the input voltage since the input is connected to the output through an inductor and a diode.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e The trimmer potentiometer is not rated for continual adjustment back and forth; the intended application is to set the output voltage a few times in its life.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTypical efficiency and output current\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns. As shown in the graphs below, these switching regulators have an efficiency of 80% to 95% for most combinations of input voltage, output voltage, and load.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eU3V50ALV (4-12 V) efficiencies for various combinations of VIN and VOUT:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4914.400.jpg?7e174f6a44d57adc64469a1757e380df\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4915.400.jpg?08f7c959390521b6d9eddeef31af6f48\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4916.400.jpg?f9b8fb8e65c8f98b2e7a723a119f1ddc\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4917.400.jpg?cb906fde9b68387dd67f9008749c0aee\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eU3V50AHV (9-30 V) efficiencies for various combinations of VIN and VOUT:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4918.400.jpg?120c087e958b9b7dd3d115fe362b9bae\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4919.400.jpg?0f237f5d99b87460613730caa0e7f840\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4920.400.jpg?74d31eb95b800fbd3652fb8251d00b39\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4921.400.jpg?2a536e9cbe9011535b90ce1ec5204c85\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe maximum achievable output current is approximately proportional to the ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage. If the \u003cem\u003einput\u003c\/em\u003ecurrent exceeds the 5 A switch current limit, the output voltage will begin to drop. Additionally, the maximum output current can depend on other factors, including the ambient temperature, air flow, and heat sinking.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394082095387,"sku":"Pololu-2570","price":2469.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/0J4890-600YpyFcibos15y8.jpg?v=1701865282"},{"product_id":"pololu-1088","title":"Pololu Wheel 32x7mm Pair - White","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMotor Connections\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese wheels are designed to press-fit securely onto the 3mm D output shafts on many of our gearmotors, including our micro metal gearmotors and our mini plastic gearmotors. They also work with our 35:1 and 115:1 15.5D metal gearmotors. These are the same wheels that are used on the \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-3pi-Robot\"\u003e3pi robot\u003c\/a\u003e. They are available with \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-Wheel-32x7mm-Pair-White\"\u003ewhite plastic hubs\u003c\/a\u003e or \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/product\/1087\"\u003eblack plastic hubs\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBoth our \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-Micro-Metal-Gearmotor-Bracket-Pair-Black\"\u003emicro metal gearmotor bracket\u003c\/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-Micro-Metal-Gearmotor-Bracket-Extended-Pair\"\u003eextended micro metal gearmotor bracket\u003c\/a\u003e work with this wheel.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiameter: 1.26″ (32 mm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWidth of tire: 0.26″ (6.5 mm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWeight: 0.11 oz (3.2 g)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShaft type: 3mm “D”\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe have similar wheels available in different sizes and colors:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTop of Form\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSelect options: (any size)32 x 7 mm40 x 7 mm42 x 19 mm60 x 8 mm70 x 8 mm80 x 10 mm90 x 10 mm (any color)blackblueredwhiteyellow Go ?\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBottom of Form\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J6310.600.jpg?e130eda3fdf4a2a5c966c65784d10350\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J6310\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"height: 20px; width: 20px;\" src=\"file:\/\/\/C:\\Users\\Samreen\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\msohtmlclip1\\01\\clip_image002.png\" alt=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-74912f8b0d07e3addf4b2661a67de90a.png\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBlack Pololu wheels with 90, 80, 70, 60, 40, and 32 mm diameters (other colors available).\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2763.400.jpg?05b54bb3db229f67c35850795c461ea9\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2763\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"height: 20px; width: 20px;\" src=\"file:\/\/\/C:\\Users\\Samreen\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\msohtmlclip1\\01\\clip_image002.png\" alt=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-74912f8b0d07e3addf4b2661a67de90a.png\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePololu wheels with 90, 80, 70, and 60mm diameters in three colors: blue, red, and yellow.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J907.400.jpg?52e0cd1cc8ed355aabd02a7eee030be5\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J907\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"height: 20px; width: 20px;\" src=\"file:\/\/\/C:\\Users\\Samreen\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\msohtmlclip1\\01\\clip_image002.png\" alt=\"https:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-74912f8b0d07e3addf4b2661a67de90a.png\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHub diagram with dimensions of the Pololu Wheel 32×7mm.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394082128155,"sku":"Pololu-1088","price":499.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/1088-mainr4iFvJKQbLLGX.jpg?v=1701865285"},{"product_id":"pololu-227","title":"2-5\/8\" Plastic Red Wheel Futaba Servo Hub","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis plastic Futaba servo wheel is made to match Futaba servo splines, such as those on theSpringRC SM-S4303R and \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Power-HD-Continuous-Rotation-Servo-AR-3606HB?search=Rotation%20Servo\"\u003ePower HD AR-3606HB\u003c\/a\u003e continuous rotation servos. The wheel is molded from ABS and measures just under 2-5\/8\" across by 0.3\" wide. With the included rubber band tire, the total wheel diameter is 2-5\/8\". The wheel is available in blue, yellow, \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/plastic-Red-wheel-Futaba-servo-hu?search=2-5\/8\"\u003ered\u003c\/a\u003e, and\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/plastic-Black-wheel-Futaba-servo-hub\"\u003e \u003c\/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/product\/226\"\u003eblack\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor mini-sumo robots, you can also get a high-traction sticky tire made especially to fit this plastic robot wheel.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIncluded Parts\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOne wheel\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo rubber band tires (one is a spare)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNewer Versions\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor a version of this robot servo wheel that has molded-on silicone tires and built-in encoder stripes, see the Solarbotics SW servo wheels with encoders\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394082193691,"sku":"Pololu-227","price":349.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/227-mainX1D9aybDetnXi.jpg?v=1701865288"},{"product_id":"pololu-2565","title":"Pololu 5V Step-Up Voltage Regulator U3V50F5","description":"\u003cp\u003eThese boost (step-up) voltage regulators generate higher output voltages from input voltages as low as 2.9 V. They are switching regulators (also called switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converters) and have a typical efficiency between 80% to 95%. The available output current is a function of the input voltage, output voltage, and efficiency (see the\u003cem\u003eTypical Efficiency and Output Current\u003c\/em\u003e section below), but the input current can typically be as high as 5 A. This regulator is available with a fixed 5 V, 6 V, 9 V, 12 V, or 24 V output:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSelect options: (any output voltage) 5 V 6 V 9 V 12 V 24 V Go ?\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe U3V50x regulator family also includes two adjustable-output versions: the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-Adjustable-4-12V-Step-Up-Voltage-Regulator-U3V50ALV\"\u003eU3V50ALV\u003c\/a\u003e offers an output range of 4 V to 12 V and the\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pololu-Adjustable-9-30V-Step-Up-Voltage-Regulator-U3V50AHV\"\u003eU3V50AHV\u003c\/a\u003e offers an output range of 9 V to 30 V. The different versions of the board all look very similar, so the bottom silkscreen includes a blank space where you can add your own distinguishing marks or labels.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe no-load quiescent current depends on the difference between the input and the output voltage. When the two are close, the quiescent current can be less then a milliamp (e.g. 0.6 mA with 5 V in and 6 V out); when the two are far apart, it might be in the tens of milliamps (e.g. 24 mA with 3 V in and 24 V out). The ENABLE pin can be used to put the board in a low-power state that reduces the quiescent current to approximately 20 µA per volt on VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis regulator has built-in reverse-voltage protection, over-current protection, thermal shutdown (which typically activates at 165°C), and an under-voltage lockout that causes the regulator to turn off when the input voltage is below 2.5 V (typical).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput voltage: 2.9 V to VOUT\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFixed 5 V, 6 V, 9 V, 12 V or 24 V output with 4% accuracy\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e5 A switch allows for input currents up to 5 A\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrated reverse-voltage protection, over-current protection, over-temperature shutoff, and under-voltage lockout\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypical efficiency of 80% to 95%, depending on input voltage, output voltage, and load\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompact size: 1.9″ × 0.6″ × 0.41″ (48 × 15 × 10.5 mm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo mounting holes for #2 or M2 screws\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSmaller holes for 0.1″ header pins and larger holes for terminal blocks offer several options for connecting to the board\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eUsing the regulator\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eConnections\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis boost regulator has four connections: input voltage (VIN), ground (GND), and output voltage (VOUT), and ENABLE.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J4891\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4891.400.jpg?92b45922d6c44cf32bd301f36eb25ef6\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe input voltage, VIN, must be at least 2.9 V and should not exceed the output voltage, VOUT. (If VIN is higher than VOUT, the higher input voltage will show up on the output, which is potentially dangerous for your connected load and could also damage the regulator.)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulator is enabled by default: a 100 kΩ pull-up resistor on the board connects the ENABLE pin to reverse-protected VIN. The ENABLE pin can be driven low (under 0.7 V) to put the board into a low-power state. The quiescent current draw in this sleep mode is dominated by the current in the pull-up resistor from ENABLE to VIN and by the reverse-voltage protection circuit, which will draw between 10 µA and 20 µA per volt on VIN when ENABLE is held low. If you do not need this feature, you should leave the ENABLE pin disconnected. Note that like most boost regulators, the input power will pass through to the output when the board is disabled, so the ENABLE pin cannot be used to turn off power to the load.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 300px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J4889\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4889.300.jpg?de84fd4fb83c8587470f1b07f2a8873e\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003ePololu fixed step-up voltage regulator U3V50Fx with included optional terminal blocks and header pins.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 250px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J4885\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4885.250.jpg?7cc049be5eeedb948909cd987354a31f\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003ePololu fixed step-up voltage regulator U3V50Fx, assembed with included terminal blocks.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe connections are labeled on the back side of the PCB, and the board offers several options for making electrical connections. The eight smaller through-holes on the ends of the board are arranged with a 0.1″ spacing for compatibility with solderless \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/index.php?route=product\/search\u0026amp;search=breadboard\"\u003ebreadboards\u003c\/a\u003e, connectors, and other prototyping arrangements that use a 0.1″ grid; you can solder pieces of the included 9×1 \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pin-Headers-Straight\"\u003estraight male header strip\u003c\/a\u003e into these smaller holes. Alternatively, you can solder the included 2-pin 5mm-pitch terminal blocks to the two pairs of larger holes on the ends of the board. For the most compact installation, you can solder wires directly to the board.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote that this regulator has a thick PCB (0.093″), so terminal block and header pins will not protrude as far through the holes as they would with typical 0.062″-thick PCBs.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 600px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J5008.600.jpg?f370d3ac36ea5aad3baf8865a72db7f3\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003ePololu step-up voltage regulator U3V50x with included terminal blocks installed, side view.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe board has two mounting holes intended for #2 or M2 screws. The mounting holes are at opposite corners of the board, separated by 1.7″ horizontally and 0.4″ vertically.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eTypical efficiency and output current\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns. As shown in the graphs below, these switching regulators have an efficiency of 80% to 95% for most combinations of input voltage, output voltage, and load.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J4904\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4904.400.jpg?f65d15352729f14a2c9413da9aa58f09\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J4905\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4905.400.jpg?dbf8c404b348cbb5ed9b7a540a1a0ccc\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J4906\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4906.400.jpg?8c00addb2993a9801e0f925c205eee16\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J4911\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4911.400.jpg?3c9da1e5ffff918d5074f2b72dcb3057\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J4912\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J4912.400.jpg?04ce60f96d7f85af2dce53a4a2d98f9b\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe maximum achievable output current is approximately proportional to the ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage. If the \u003cem\u003einput\u003c\/em\u003e current exceeds the 5 A switch current limit, the output voltage will begin to drop. Additionally, the maximum output current can depend on other factors, including the ambient temperature, air flow, and heat sinking.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394082226459,"sku":"Pololu-2565","price":2329.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/0J4889-600NDtd82sGHSjlo.jpg?v=1701865291"},{"product_id":"pololu-1354","title":"Mini Maestro 18-Channel USB Servo Controller (Assembled)","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe six-channel Micro Maestro raises the performance bar for serial servo controllers with features such as a native USB interface and internal scripting control. Whether you want high-performance servo control (0.25μs resolution with built-in speed and acceleration control) or a general I\/O controller (e.g. to interface with a sensor or ESC via your USB port), this tiny, versatile device will deliver. Header pins are included but not soldered into this partial kit version (all surface-mount components are soldered).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOverview\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Micro Maestro is the smallest of Pololu’s second-generation USB servo controllers. The Maestros are available in four sizes and can be purchased fully assembled or as partial kits:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaestro family of USB servo controllers: Mini 24, Mini 18, Mini 12, and Micro 6.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Micro-Maestro-6-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller-Assembled\"\u003eMicro Maestro — fully assembled\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Micro-Maestro-6-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller\"\u003eMicro Maestro — partial kit\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMini Maestro 12 — fully assembled\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Mini-Maestro-12-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller-Partial-Kit\"\u003eMini Maestro 12 — partial kit\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Mini-Maestro-18-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller-Assembled\"\u003eMini Maestro 18 — fully assembled\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMini Maestro 18 — partial kit\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMini Maestro 24 — fully assembled\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Mini-Maestro-24-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller-Partial-Kit\"\u003eMini Maestro 24 — partial kit\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Mini Maestros offer higher channel counts and some additional features (see the Maestro comparison table below for details).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicro Maestro 6-channel USB servo controller bottom view with quarter for size reference.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Micro Maestro is a highly versatile servo controller and general-purpose I\/O board in a highly compact (0.85\"×1.20\") package. It supports three control methods: USB for direct connection to a computer, TTL serial for use with embedded systems, and internal scripting for self-contained, host controller-free applications. The channels can be configured as servo outputs for use with radio control (RC) servos or electronic speed controls (ESCs), as digital outputs, or as analog inputs. The extremely precise, high-resolution servo pulses have a jitter of less than 200 ns, making these servo controllers well suited for high-performance applications such as robotics and animatronics, and built-in speed and acceleration control for each channel make it easy to achieve smooth, seamless movements without requiring the control source to constantly compute and stream intermediate position updates to the Micro Maestro. Units can be daisy-chained with additional Pololu servo and motor controllers on a single serial line.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA free configuration and control program is available for Windows and Linux, making it simple to configure and test the device over USB, create sequences of servo movements for animatronics or walking robots, and write, step through, and run scripts stored in the servo controller. The Micro Maestro’s 1 KB of internal script memory allows storage of servo positions that can be automatically played back without any computer or external microcontroller connected.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBecause the Micro Maestro’s channels can also be used as general-purpose digital outputs and analog inputs, they provide an easy way to read sensors and control peripherals directly from a PC over USB, and these channels can be used with the scripting system to enable creation of self-contained animatronic displays that respond to external stimuli and trigger additional events beyond just moving servos.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBottom view with dimensions (in inches) of Pololu Micro and Mini Maestro servo controllers.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Micro Maestro is available \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Micro-Maestro-6-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller-Assembled\"\u003efully assembled\u003c\/a\u003e with \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pin-Headers-Straight\"\u003e0.1\" male header pins\u003c\/a\u003e installed as shown in the product picture or as a \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Micro-Maestro-6-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller\"\u003epartial kit\u003c\/a\u003e, which ship with these header pins included but unsoldered, allowing the use of different gender connectors or wires to be soldered directly to the pads for lighter, more compact installations. The Mini Maestro 12, 18, and 24 are also available fully assembled or as partial kits. A USB A to mini-B cable (not included) is required to connect this device to a computer.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicro Maestro 6-channel USB servo controller assembled.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicro Maestro 6-channel USB servo controller partial kit.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMain Features\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThree control methods: USB, TTL (5V) serial, and internal scripting\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e0.25μs output pulse width resolution (corresponds to approximately 0.025° for a typical servo, which is beyond what the servo could resolve)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePulse rate configurable from 33 to 100 Hz (2)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWide pulse range of 64 to 3280 μs (2)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndividual speed and acceleration control for each channel\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChannels can be optionally configured to go to a specified position or turn off on startup or error\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChannels can also be used as general-purpose digital outputs or analog inputs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA simple scripting language lets you program the controller to perform complex actions even after its USB and serial connections are removed\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eComprehensive \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J40\"\u003euser’s guide\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFree configuration and control application for Windows makes it easy to:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConfigure and test your controller\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCreate, run, and save sequences of servo movements for animatronics and walking robots\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWrite, step through, and run scripts stored in the servo controller\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo ways to write software to control the Maestro from a PC:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVirtual COM port makes it easy to send serial commands from any development environment that supports serial communication\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePololu USB Software Development Kit allows use of more advanced native USB commands and includes example code in C#, Visual Basic .NET, and Visual C++\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTTL serial features:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupports 300 – 200000 bps in fixed-baud mode, 300 – 115200 bps in autodetect-baud mode (2)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSimultaneously supports the Pololu protocol, which gives access to advanced functionality, and the simpler Scott Edwards MiniSSC II protocol (there is no need to configure the device for a particular protocol mode)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCan be daisy-chained with other Pololu servo and motor controllers using a single serial transmit line\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCan function as a general-purpose USB-to-TTL serial adapter for projects controlled from a PC\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoard can be powered off of USB or a 5 – 16 V battery, and it makes the regulated 5V available to the user\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompact size of 0.85\" × 1.20\" (2.16 × 3.05 cm) and light weight of 0.17 oz (4.8 g) with headers\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUpgradable firmware\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaestro Comparison Table\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e Micro MaestroMini Maestro 12Mini Maestro 18Mini Maestro 24\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChannels:6121824\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnalog input channels:6121212\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDigital input channels:00612\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWidth:0.85\" (2.16 cm)1.10\" (2.79 cm)1.10\" (2.79 cm)1.10\" (2.79 cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLength:1.20\" (3.05 cm)1.42\" (3.61 cm)1.80\" (4.57 cm)2.30\" (5.84 cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWeight(1):3.0 g4.2 g4.9 g6.0 g\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConfigurable pulse rate(2):33–100 Hz1–333 Hz1–333 Hz1–333 Hz\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePulse range(2):64–3280 μs64–4080 μs64–4080 μs64–4080 μs\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eScript size(3):1 KB8 KB8 KB8 KB\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1\u003c\/strong\u003e This is the weight of the board without header pins or terminal blocks.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cstrong\u003e2\u003c\/strong\u003e The available pulse rate and range depend on each other and factors such as baud rate and number of channels used. See the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J40\/9\"\u003eMaestro User’s Guide\u003c\/a\u003e for details.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cstrong\u003e3\u003c\/strong\u003e The user script system is more powerful on the Mini Maestro than on the Micro Maestro. See See the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J40\/6.d\"\u003eMaestro User’s Guide\u003c\/a\u003e for details.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApplication Examples and Videos\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicro Maestro as the brains of a tiny hexapod robot.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSerial servo controller for multi-servo projects (e.g. robot arms, animatronics) based on BASIC Stamp or Arduino platforms.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePC-based servo control over USB port\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePC-based control of motors by interfacing with an ESC over USB\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePC interface for sensors and other electronics:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRead a gyro or accelerometer from a PC for novel user interfaces\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eControl a string of ShiftBrites from a PC for mood lighting\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGeneral I\/O expansion for microcontroller projects\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProgrammable, self-contained Halloween or Christmas display controller that responds to sensors. The picture to the right and the video below show a self-contained hexapod robot that uses three micro servos and two digital distance sensors for autonomous walking.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSelf-contained servo tester\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn example setup using a \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Micro-Maestro-6-Channel-USB-Servo-Controller-Assembled\"\u003eMicro Maestro\u003c\/a\u003e to control a ShiftBar and Satellite LED Module is shown in the picture below and one of the videos above. Maestro source code to control a ShiftBar or ShiftBrite is available in the Example scripts section of the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J40\"\u003eMaestro User’s guide\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConnecting the Micro Maestro to a chain of ShiftBars. A single 12V supply powers all of the devices.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394082390299,"sku":"Pololu-1354","price":5999.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/0J2340-600Wc1aEiLckEksS.jpg?v=1701865297"},{"product_id":"pololu-1378","title":"Pololu Simple High-Power Motor Controller 24v12(Fully Assembled)","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDescription\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Pololu Simple Motor Controller 18v7 makes basic control of brushed DC motors easy, with our free Simple Motor Control Center software enabling quick configuration over USB. The controller supports four interface modes: USB, TTL serial, analog voltage, and hobby radio control (RC). This version operates from \u003cstrong\u003e5.5 to 30 V\u003c\/strong\u003e and is efficient enough to deliver a continuous \u003cstrong\u003e7 A\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u0026gt;30 A peak) without a heat sink.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOverview\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Pololu Simple Motor Controllers are versatile, general-purpose motor controllers for brushed, DC motors. A wide operating range of up to 5.5–40V and the ability to deliver up to several hundred Watts in a small form factor make these controllers suitable for many motor control applications. With a variety of supported interfaces—­USB for direct connection to a computer, TTL serial for use with embedded systems, RC hobby servo pulses for use as an RC-controlled electronic speed control (ESC), and analog voltages for use with a potentiometer or analog joystick—­and a wide array of configurable settings, these motor controllers make it easy to add basic control of brushed DC motors to a variety of projects. Although this motor controller has many more features than competing products, a free configuration utility (for Windows 8, 7, Vista, Windows XP, and Linux) simplifies initial setup of the device and allows for in-system testing and monitoring of the controller via USB.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor 24 V applications, we recommend the 24v12 or 24v23 versions. We strongly recommend against using the 18v7, 18v15, or 18v25 with 24 V batteries, which can significantly exceed 24 V when fully charged and are dangerously close to the maximum voltage limits of these lower-voltage controllers.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 400px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2880\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2880.400.jpg?4a0b6a4c4d846a74317fdea7247b7812\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003eSimple High-Power Motor Controller 18v25 or 24v23 simplified connection diagram.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Features\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSimple bidirectional control of one DC brush motor.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e5.5 V to 30 V (18v7, 18v15, and 18v25) or 40 V (24v12 and 24v23) operating supply range.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e7 A to 25 A maximum continuous current output without a heat sink, depending on controller model\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFour communication or control options:\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUSB interface for direct connection to a PC.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLogic-level (TTL) serial interface for direct connection to microcontrollers or other embedded controllers.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHobby radio control (RC) pulse width interface for direct connection to an RC receiver or \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/category\/12\/rc-servo-controllers\"\u003eRC servo controller\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e0–3.3 V analog voltage interface for direct connection to potentiometers and analog joysticks.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSimple configuration and calibration over USB with free configuration program (Windows 8, 7, Vista, Windows XP, and Linux compatible).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2912\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2912.250.jpg?db43239cb7c35d5cf710109e066608af\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2910\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2910.250.jpg?b8b9cce170e3dc00e8be035de630cdb3\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e A \u003cstrong\u003eUSB A to mini-B cable\u003c\/strong\u003e (not included) is required to connect this controller to a computer.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAdditional Features\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eComprehensive \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J44\"\u003euser’s guide\u003c\/a\u003e with plenty of connection diagrams and sample code.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdjustable maximum acceleration and deceleration to limit electrical and mechanical stress on the system.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdjustable starting speed, maximum speed, and amount of braking when speed is zero.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOptional safety controls to avoid unexpectedly powering the motor.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput calibration (learning) and adjustable scaling degree for analog and RC signals.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnder-voltage shutoff with hysteresis for use with batteries vulnerable to over-discharging (e.g. LiPo cells).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdjustable over-temperature threshold and response.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdjustable PWM frequency from 1 kHz to 22 kHz (maximum frequency is ultrasonic, eliminating switching-induced audible motor shaft vibration).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eError LED linked to a digital ERR output, and connecting the error outputs of multiple controllers together optionally causes all connected controllers to shut down when any one of them experiences an error.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eField-upgradeable firmware.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2897\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2897.250.jpg?3d38f0f46bb43bfa1941dfad363dc3fa\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eTwo Pololu Simple Motor Controllers enable mixed RC-control of Dagu Wild Thumper 4WD all-terrain chassis.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1) USB\/Serial features:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eControllable from a computer with native USB, via serial commands sent to the device’s virtual serial (COM) port, or via TTL serial through the device’s RX\/TX pins.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExample code in C#, Visual Basic .NET, and Visual C++ is available in the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J41\"\u003ePololu USB Software Development Kit\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOptional CRC error detection to eliminate communication errors caused by noise or software faults.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOptional command timeout (shut off motors if communication ceases).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupports automatic baud rate detection from 1200 bps to 500 kbps, or can be configured to run at a fixed baud rate.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupports standard compact and Pololu protocols as well as the Scott Edwards Mini SSC protocol and an ASCII protocol for simple serial control from a terminal program.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOptional serial response delay for communicating with half-duplex controllers such as the Basic Stamp.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eControllers can be easily chained together and to other Pololu serial motor and servo controllers to control hundreds of motors using a single serial line.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2) RC features:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1\/4 µs pulse measurement resolution.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWorks with RC pulse frequencies from 10 to 333 Hz.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConfigurable parameters for determining what constitutes an acceptable RC signal.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo RC channels allow for single-stick (mixed) motor control, making it easy to use two simple motor controllers in tandem on an RC-controlled differential-drive robot (you might find our RC servo Y splitter cables useful for connecting two SMCs to a single RC receiver).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRC channels can be used in any mode as limit or kill switches (e.g. use an RC receiver to trigger a kill switch on your autonomous robot).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBattery elimination circuit (BEC) jumper can power the RC receiver with 5 V or 3.3 V.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3) Analog features:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e0.8 mV (12-bit) measurement resolution.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWorks with 0 to 3.3 V inputs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOptional potentiometer\/joystick disconnect detection.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo analog channels allow for single-stick (mixed) motor control, making it easy to use two simple motor controllers in tandem on a joystick-controlled differential-drive robot.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnalog channels can be used in any mode as limit or kill switches.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIncluded Hardware\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 250px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2860\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2860.250.jpg?92f7317e867d68a0504826f8b8b3cf42\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eSimple High-Power Motor Controller 18v15 or 24v12, fully assembled.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 250px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2861\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2861.250.jpg?644d27aa711666617a769f81a7c9cd19\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eSimple High-Power Motor Controller 18v15 or 24v12, partial kit with included hardware.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMost Simple Motor Controllers are available “fully assembled”, with the power capacitor and connectors pre-installed, or with these components included but not soldered in. For example, a fully assembled 18v15 ships as shown in the left picture above, and an 18v15 with included hardware ships as shown in the right picture above (the included hardware consists of a power capacitor, a \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pin-Headers-Straight\"\u003e40×1 straight 0.1\" male header strip\u003c\/a\u003e, a \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Spring-Terminals-PCB-Mount-4-Pin\"\u003e5mm-pitch 4-pin terminal block\u003c\/a\u003e, and a blue shorting block).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe connector-free version allows flexibility in choice of connectors and placement of the power capacitor (e.g. on the other side of the board) to accommodate compact installations or to make room for a heat sink.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e The power capacitor has a \u003cstrong\u003esignificant\u003c\/strong\u003e effect on performance; the included capacitor is the minimum size recommended, and bigger ones can be added if there is space. A bigger capacitor might be required if the power supply is poor or far (more than about a foot) from the controller.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe included terminal blocks are only rated for 16 A, so we recommend soldering thick wires directly to the connector-free version of the board and using higher-current connectors for applications that will exceed the terminal blocks’ ratings.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 182px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J3013\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J3013.182.jpg?56d1d6d8b394ca10d45901e2ae785fa0\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eSimple Motor Controller 18v7 bottom view with dimensions.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 182px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2874\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2874.182.jpg?cedbdd41a35038b1c129659cd5e9880d\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eSimple High-Power Motor Controller 18v15 or 24v12 bottom view with dimensions.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 182px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2875\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2875.182.jpg?46a913816413e08c4237084970cee4d8\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eSimple High-Power Motor Controller 18v25 or 24v23 bottom view with dimensions.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning:\u003c\/strong\u003e Take proper safety precautions when using high-power electronics. Make sure you know what you are doing when using high voltages or currents! During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you. Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eSize:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e2.1\" x 1.1\" x 0.5\"\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGeneral specifications\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eMotor channels:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e1\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eControl interface:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eUSB; non-inverted TTL serial;\u003cbr\u003e RC servo pulses; analog voltage\u003csup\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/product\/1378\/specs#note1\"\u003e1\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eMinimum operating voltage:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e5.5 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eMaximum operating voltage:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e40 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eContinuous output current per channel:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e12 A\u003csup\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/product\/1378\/specs#note2\"\u003e2\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eMaximum PWM frequency:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e21.77 kHz\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eMaximum logic voltage:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e3.3 V\u003csup\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/product\/1378\/specs#note3\"\u003e3\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eReverse voltage protection?:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eN\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003ePartial kit?:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eN\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Autodetects baud rates between 1200 and 500,000 bps, or can be set to any fixed baud rate in this range.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Typical results at room temperature without a heat sink.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. All digital inputs are 5V tolerant.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394082488603,"sku":"Pololu-1378","price":13939.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/1378-2tPPyxFZqkzgNt.jpg?v=1701865307"},{"product_id":"pololu-1372","title":"Pololu Simple Motor Controller 18v7(Fully Assembled )","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDescription\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Pololu Simple Motor Controller 18v7 makes basic control of brushed DC motors easy, with our free Simple Motor Control Center software enabling quick configuration over USB. The controller supports four interface modes: USB, TTL serial, analog voltage, and hobby radio control (RC). This version operates from \u003cstrong\u003e5.5 to 30 V\u003c\/strong\u003e and is efficient enough to deliver a continuous \u003cstrong\u003e7 A\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u0026gt;30 A peak) without a heat sink.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOverview\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Pololu Simple Motor Controllers are versatile, general-purpose motor controllers for brushed, DC motors. A wide operating range of up to 5.5–40V and the ability to deliver up to several hundred Watts in a small form factor make these controllers suitable for many motor control applications. With a variety of supported interfaces—­USB for direct connection to a computer, TTL serial for use with embedded systems, RC hobby servo pulses for use as an RC-controlled electronic speed control (ESC), and analog voltages for use with a potentiometer or analog joystick—­and a wide array of configurable settings, these motor controllers make it easy to add basic control of brushed DC motors to a variety of projects. Although this motor controller has many more features than competing products, a free configuration utility (for Windows 8, 7, Vista, Windows XP, and Linux) simplifies initial setup of the device and allows for in-system testing and monitoring of the controller via USB.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor 24 V applications, we recommend the 24v12 or 24v23 versions. We strongly recommend against using the 18v7, 18v15, or 18v25 with 24 V batteries, which can significantly exceed 24 V when fully charged and are dangerously close to the maximum voltage limits of these lower-voltage controllers.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 400px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2880\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2880.400.jpg?4a0b6a4c4d846a74317fdea7247b7812\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003eSimple High-Power Motor Controller 18v25 or 24v23 simplified connection diagram.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Features\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSimple bidirectional control of one DC brush motor.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e5.5 V to 30 V (18v7, 18v15, and 18v25) or 40 V (24v12 and 24v23) operating supply range.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e7 A to 25 A maximum continuous current output without a heat sink, depending on controller model\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFour communication or control options:\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUSB interface for direct connection to a PC.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLogic-level (TTL) serial interface for direct connection to microcontrollers or other embedded controllers.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHobby radio control (RC) pulse width interface for direct connection to an RC receiver or \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/category\/12\/rc-servo-controllers\"\u003eRC servo controller\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e0–3.3 V analog voltage interface for direct connection to potentiometers and analog joysticks.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSimple configuration and calibration over USB with free configuration program (Windows 8, 7, Vista, Windows XP, and Linux compatible).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2912\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2912.250.jpg?db43239cb7c35d5cf710109e066608af\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2910\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2910.250.jpg?b8b9cce170e3dc00e8be035de630cdb3\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e A \u003cstrong\u003eUSB A to mini-B cable\u003c\/strong\u003e (not included) is required to connect this controller to a computer.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAdditional Features\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eComprehensive \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J44\"\u003euser’s guide\u003c\/a\u003e with plenty of connection diagrams and sample code.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdjustable maximum acceleration and deceleration to limit electrical and mechanical stress on the system.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdjustable starting speed, maximum speed, and amount of braking when speed is zero.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOptional safety controls to avoid unexpectedly powering the motor.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput calibration (learning) and adjustable scaling degree for analog and RC signals.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnder-voltage shutoff with hysteresis for use with batteries vulnerable to over-discharging (e.g. LiPo cells).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdjustable over-temperature threshold and response.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdjustable PWM frequency from 1 kHz to 22 kHz (maximum frequency is ultrasonic, eliminating switching-induced audible motor shaft vibration).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eError LED linked to a digital ERR output, and connecting the error outputs of multiple controllers together optionally causes all connected controllers to shut down when any one of them experiences an error.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eField-upgradeable firmware.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2897\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2897.250.jpg?3d38f0f46bb43bfa1941dfad363dc3fa\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eTwo Pololu Simple Motor Controllers enable mixed RC-control of Dagu Wild Thumper 4WD all-terrain chassis.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1) USB\/Serial features:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eControllable from a computer with native USB, via serial commands sent to the device’s virtual serial (COM) port, or via TTL serial through the device’s RX\/TX pins.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExample code in C#, Visual Basic .NET, and Visual C++ is available in the \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/docs\/0J41\"\u003ePololu USB Software Development Kit\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOptional CRC error detection to eliminate communication errors caused by noise or software faults.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOptional command timeout (shut off motors if communication ceases).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupports automatic baud rate detection from 1200 bps to 500 kbps, or can be configured to run at a fixed baud rate.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupports standard compact and Pololu protocols as well as the Scott Edwards Mini SSC protocol and an ASCII protocol for simple serial control from a terminal program.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOptional serial response delay for communicating with half-duplex controllers such as the Basic Stamp.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eControllers can be easily chained together and to other Pololu serial motor and servo controllers to control hundreds of motors using a single serial line.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2) RC features:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1\/4 µs pulse measurement resolution.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWorks with RC pulse frequencies from 10 to 333 Hz.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConfigurable parameters for determining what constitutes an acceptable RC signal.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo RC channels allow for single-stick (mixed) motor control, making it easy to use two simple motor controllers in tandem on an RC-controlled differential-drive robot (you might find our RC servo Y splitter cables useful for connecting two SMCs to a single RC receiver).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRC channels can be used in any mode as limit or kill switches (e.g. use an RC receiver to trigger a kill switch on your autonomous robot).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBattery elimination circuit (BEC) jumper can power the RC receiver with 5 V or 3.3 V.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3) Analog features:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e0.8 mV (12-bit) measurement resolution.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWorks with 0 to 3.3 V inputs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOptional potentiometer\/joystick disconnect detection.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo analog channels allow for single-stick (mixed) motor control, making it easy to use two simple motor controllers in tandem on a joystick-controlled differential-drive robot.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnalog channels can be used in any mode as limit or kill switches.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIncluded Hardware\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 250px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2860\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2860.250.jpg?92f7317e867d68a0504826f8b8b3cf42\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eSimple High-Power Motor Controller 18v15 or 24v12, fully assembled.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 250px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2861\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2861.250.jpg?644d27aa711666617a769f81a7c9cd19\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eSimple High-Power Motor Controller 18v15 or 24v12, partial kit with included hardware.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMost Simple Motor Controllers are available “fully assembled”, with the power capacitor and connectors pre-installed, or with these components included but not soldered in. For example, a fully assembled 18v15 ships as shown in the left picture above, and an 18v15 with included hardware ships as shown in the right picture above (the included hardware consists of a power capacitor, a \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Pin-Headers-Straight\"\u003e40×1 straight 0.1\" male header strip\u003c\/a\u003e, a \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Spring-Terminals-PCB-Mount-4-Pin\"\u003e5mm-pitch 4-pin terminal block\u003c\/a\u003e, and a blue shorting block).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe connector-free version allows flexibility in choice of connectors and placement of the power capacitor (e.g. on the other side of the board) to accommodate compact installations or to make room for a heat sink.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e The power capacitor has a \u003cstrong\u003esignificant\u003c\/strong\u003e effect on performance; the included capacitor is the minimum size recommended, and bigger ones can be added if there is space. A bigger capacitor might be required if the power supply is poor or far (more than about a foot) from the controller.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe included terminal blocks are only rated for 16 A, so we recommend soldering thick wires directly to the connector-free version of the board and using higher-current connectors for applications that will exceed the terminal blocks’ ratings.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 182px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J3013\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J3013.182.jpg?56d1d6d8b394ca10d45901e2ae785fa0\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eSimple Motor Controller 18v7 bottom view with dimensions.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 182px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2874\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2874.182.jpg?cedbdd41a35038b1c129659cd5e9880d\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eSimple High-Power Motor Controller 18v15 or 24v12 bottom view with dimensions.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 182px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2875\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2875.182.jpg?46a913816413e08c4237084970cee4d8\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-d0cfc0fffa825c4654893ef42b77cee3.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth\u003eSimple High-Power Motor Controller 18v25 or 24v23 bottom view with dimensions.\u003c\/th\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning:\u003c\/strong\u003e Take proper safety precautions when using high-power electronics. Make sure you know what you are doing when using high voltages or currents! During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you. Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eSize:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e2.1\" x 1.1\" x 0.5\"\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGeneral specifications\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eMotor channels:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e1\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eControl interface:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eUSB; non-inverted TTL serial;\u003cbr\u003e RC servo pulses; analog voltage\u003csup\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/product\/1372\/specs#note1\"\u003e1\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eMinimum operating voltage:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e5.5 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eMaximum operating voltage:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e30 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eContinuous output current per channel:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e7 A\u003csup\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/product\/1372\/specs#note2\"\u003e2\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eMaximum PWM frequency:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e21.77 kHz\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eMaximum logic voltage:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e3.3 V\u003csup\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/product\/1372\/specs#note3\"\u003e3\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eReverse voltage protection?:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eN\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003ePartial kit?:\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eN\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Autodetects baud rates between 1200 and 500,000 bps, or can be set to any fixed baud rate in this range.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Typical results at room temperature without a heat sink.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. All digital inputs are 5V tolerant.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394082554139,"sku":"Pololu-1372","price":13394.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/1372-1VCUmRzLKketD3.jpg?v=1701865311"},{"product_id":"pololu-226","title":"2-5\/8\" Plastic Black Wheel Futaba Servo Hub","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis plastic Futaba servo wheel is made to match Futaba servo splines, such as those on theSpringRC SM-S4303R and \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Power-HD-Continuous-Rotation-Servo-AR-3606HB?search=Rotation%20Servo\"\u003ePower HD AR-3606HB\u003c\/a\u003e continuous rotation servos. The wheel is molded from ABS and measures just under 2-5\/8\" across by 0.3\" wide. With the included rubber band tire, the total wheel diameter is 2-5\/8\". The wheel is available in blue, yellow, \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/plastic-Red-wheel-Futaba-servo-hu?search=2-5\/8\"\u003ered\u003c\/a\u003e, and\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/plastic-Black-wheel-Futaba-servo-hub\"\u003e \u003c\/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.pololu.com\/product\/226\"\u003eblack\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor mini-sumo robots, you can also get a high-traction sticky tire made especially to fit this plastic robot wheel.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIncluded Parts\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOne wheel\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo rubber band tires (one is a spare)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNewer Versions\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor a version of this robot servo wheel that has molded-on silicone tires and built-in encoder stripes, see the Solarbotics SW servo wheels with encoders\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394082619675,"sku":"Pololu-226","price":349.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/226-main3SMEKuO6y9bsV.jpg?v=1701865314"},{"product_id":"pololu-1191","title":"Solarbotics SW-B BLACK Servo Wheel with Encoder Stripes, Silicone Tire","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Solarbotics SW wheel is compatible with standard Futaba servo hubs such as those on theSpringRC SM-S4303R and \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Power-HD-Continuous-Rotation-Servo-AR-3606HB\"\u003ePower HD AR-3606HB\u003c\/a\u003e continuous rotation servos. The plastic wheel is molded from ABS and has a molded-on thermoplastic silicone tire with great traction and wear characteristics. There is a 64-strip encoder pattern on one side of the wheel compatible with the Wheel Watcher. The plastic wheels measure just under 2-5\/8\" (69 mm) across by 0.3\" (7.62 mm) wide and is available in blue, yellow, red, and \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Solarbotics-SW-B-BLACK-Servo-Wheel-with-Encoder-Stripes\"\u003eblack\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(For mini-sumo robots, you can also try using the high-traction sticky tire, which is \u003cstrong\u003eNOT\u003c\/strong\u003e made to fit this plastic robot wheel, but happens to work pretty well with it.)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e This Futaba servo wheel does not come with any mounting hardware. To mount the wheel, use the screw included with your servo.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFeature Summary\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiameter: just under 2-5\/8\" (69 mm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTire width: 0.3\" (7.62 mm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTire: molded-on thermoplastic silicone\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEncoder stripes: 64-strip pattern molded in on one side (compatible with the Wheel Watcher)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eColor options: blue, yellow, red, and \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Solarbotics-SW-B-BLACK-Servo-Wheel-with-Encoder-Stripes\"\u003eblack\u003c\/a\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome Compatible Products\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSpringRC SM-S4303R Continuous Rotation Servo\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mgsuperlabs.co.in\/estore\/Power-HD-Continuous-Rotation-Servo-AR-3606HB\"\u003eGWS S35 STD Continuous Rotation Servo\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParallax (Futaba S148) Continuous Rotation Servo\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh-Traction Sticky Tire\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394082652443,"sku":"Pololu-1191","price":399.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/1191-mainMVftrevIJWjeU.jpg?v=1701865317"},{"product_id":"pololu-1159","title":"4-AA Battery Holder, Enclosed with Switch","description":"\u003cp\u003eEnclosed battery holder for four AA cells. This holder features a lid that slides over the batteries and snaps into place to fully enclose them. It also features a switch that lets you open and close the electrical connection between the batteries and the holder’s leads.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.pololu.com\/picture\/view\/0J2344\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px;\" src=\"http:\/\/a.pololu-files.com\/picture\/0J2344.400.jpg?0c2a304b0a18e4bdf819578cba58f198\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px -20px;\" src=\"http:\/\/b.pololu-files.com\/assets\/zoom-3d5f229e087ea6a7cc511d1b36662e61.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e This battery holder features two 6\", 26-gauge leads that have 5 mm of insulation stripped off of the ends.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"POLOLU","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47394082717979,"sku":"Pololu-1159","price":289.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/products\/1159-maino6AAvFePJNTvv.jpg?v=1701865320"}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/3325\/0587\/collections\/DFR.png?v=1755328441","url":"https:\/\/mgsl.in\/collections\/pololu.oembed?page=21","provider":"MG Super Labs","version":"1.0","type":"link"}